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Introduction: During menopause, which is a part of the aging process in women, the level of sex hormones decreases, which causes problems such as memory impairment and cognitive functions. One of the treatment options for these disorders is hormone therapy, which has several side effects. The present study investigated the effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) technique on memory improvement, muscle strength, motor and balance function in ovariectomized rats. Methods: In the present experimental study, 24 Wistar female rats with an approximate weight of (170-220 g) were divided into three groups (n = 8) including, 1: control group, 2: ovariectomy group and 3: ovariectomy+ treatment group. Initially, the animals in the second and third groups underwent ovariectomy surgery. The RIC techniques were performed on treatment group of rats for two months. After that, memory, muscle strength, and motor and balance function were assessed in all groups. SPSS software (V21) and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results: The result of this study showed that RIC technique significantly improved memory in the ovariectomy+treatment group in comparison with the ovariectomy group (P

Introduction: Aging is a complex process and is considered as a risk factor for many diseases such as hypertension, Alzheimer, cancer, depression and anxiety. Recently, it has been shown that metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, has important neurological effects such as preventing memory loss, stroke, anxiety, inflammation and seizures. Therefore, the aim of this study was investigating the effects of metformin on some cognitive factors in elderly male rats. Methods: 24 rats (22 months) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8). The first group was the control group that received water orally, the second group received metformin 1 mg/kg orally and the third group received metformin 10 mg/kg orally. After treatment for 40 days (once daily), behavioral tests, including Y-maze, elevated plus maze and depression test were performed on animals. Results were analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 6 and One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-post hoc test. Results: The results of this study showed that metformin at a dose of 10 mg/kg significantly reduced anxiety (P