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From the turpentine broom, Thamnosma montana, four alkaloids and three coumarins were isolated and characterized. Skimmianine (5), N-methyl-acridone (4) and 5-(3'-methyl-2',3'-dihydroxybutanyl)-8-methoxypsoralen (1) were obtained previously from T. montana. Robustine (2) is reported from a Thamnosma species for the first time and acridone (6), thamnosmonin (9), and thamontanin (14) are reported from a natural source for the first time. Evidence for the structures of the new isolates is presented.

One hundred and seventy-seven plant extracts, representing 163 species of plants and/or fungi, were evaluated in rats to determine their antiinflammatory activity using the carrageenin-induced pedal edema assay. Of the 163 species of plants and/or fungi tested, 17 exhibited between 30--39 per cent inhibition of inflammation, 21 between 40-49 per cent, 15 between 50--59 per cent, four between 60--69 per cent, and two gave greater than 70 per cent inhibition of carrageenin-induced pedal edema.

From the aerial parts of Dianthus barbatus cv. "China Doll", two saponins (barbatosides A and B) were isolated and shown to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The aglycone of each saponin was identified as quillaic acid. The glycone of barbatoside A consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, fucose, xylose, galactose, glucose and one unidentified sugar; whereas the glycone of barbatoside B contained arabinose, fucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose and three unidentified sugars. Astragalin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-sophoroside, D-pinitol and L-leucine were also isolated.