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Start Over Descriptor "ruminant feeds" Journal livestock science
2 results on '"ruminant feeds"'

1. Impacts of different spices on in vitro rumen dry matter disappearance, fermentation and methane of wheat or ryegrass hay based substrates

Author

Chaudhry, Abdul Shakoor and Khan, Mohammad Mehedi Hasan

Subjects
*RYEGRASSES, *DRY matter in animal nutrition, *METHANE analysis, *RUMEN fermentation, *FATTY acids, *ACETIC acid, *HYDROGEN-ion concentration
Abstract

Abstract: Two completely randomised experiments compared the impact of different spices, each at 30mg/g substrate DM, on the in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), methane, ammonia and volatile fatty acids (VFA) from either wheat flour (wheat) (experiment 1) as highly or hay based mixtures (experiment 2) as moderately fermentable substrates. Experiment 1 tested the effects of adding cinnamon, clove, coriander, cumin and turmeric, individually, on the rumen fermentation during their in vitro incubations with wheat for 24h. All spices reduced methane (P<0.05) from wheat as compared to the spice-free wheat (control). Coriander reduced methane more followed by turmeric, cumin and cinnamon than the control. The IVDMD of wheat did not differ for most spices except cinnamon where IVDMD was reduced (P<0.05) as compared to the control. Whilst, rumen ammonia was greatest for cumin (P<0.01) followed by coriander and turmeric, it was lowest for clove (P<0.01). The spices did not affect the pH and total VFA of rumen fluid for wheat. However, the presence of clove reduced acetic acid (P<0.05). Experiment 2 tested the effect of only three (coriander, cumin and turmeric) spices individually or together on the in vitro fermentation of hay based mixtures during 96h of incubation. Whilst all the individual spices or their mixture reduced methane from the hay based mixtures (P<0.05), the extent of this reduction was highest for turmeric, second highest for coriander and lowest for cumin. It appeared that most spices modified methane emission from wheat as a single ingredient or hay based mixtures without having detrimental effect on diet disappearance or fermentation in vitro. However, the extent of this modification depended on the type of a spice and substrate. Therefore, careful selection of a spice to suit specific feeds would be essential before their in vivo use to modify the fermentation efficiency of ruminant diets. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2012
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2. Voluntary intake of silages in dairy cows depending on chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics

Author

Anne-Maj Gustavsson, Mårten Hetta, Kjell Martinsson, Gun Bernes, and John W. Cone

Subjects
Silage, digestion, Phleum, Animal science, rumen fermentation characteristics, nylon bag degradability, Linear regression, Sample preparation, Dry matter, production profiles, neutral detergent fiber, General Veterinary, biology, Chemistry, grass-silage, food-intake, prediction, biology.organism_classification, ID - Voeding, Red Clover, red-clover, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Agronomy, ruminant feeds, Animal Science and Zoology, Digestion
Abstract

A study was conducted to investigate the possibilities to develop models for predicting the relative silage dry matter intake (SDMI) in dairy cows utilising information on chemical composition and in vitro gas production (GP) kinetics of silages. In five experiments, each with an average of 38 lactating dairy cows, SDMI was recorded for 15 grass silages made from primary growth and regrowth swards of timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The silages were characterised by chemical analysis and by utilising an automated in vitro GP recording technique with end point measurements of substrate residues. The silage samples were analysed both as dried and wet samples to evaluate the effects of sample preparation techniques on GP kinetics and their relations to SDMI. Relationships between feed variables and SDMI were investigated utilising simple linear and multiple regression. The wet silage samples had higher cumulative GP and different GP curves compared to the dried samples. The linear relationships between, GP variables, harvest number (first or second cut) of the grass, chemical characteristics of the silages and the relative SDMI show that the GP technique is a powerful tool to detect silage quality. By using the parameters from the dried samples the multiple regression analysis resulted in a relationship, relative SDMI (kg per 100 kg live weight (LW)) per day=0.071+0.0029 x NDFD-0.266 x C (R-2 =0.82, S.D.=0.06). NDFD is the degradability of the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (g/kg NDF) and C is the variable that regulates the switching characteristics of the GP profiles. By using the wet silage samples the multiple relationship did not include any GP variable; relative SDMI (kg per 100 kg LW per day) = 1.86-0.008 x acetic acid (g/kg DM) + 0.024 x ethanol (g/kg DM) (R-2=0.62, S.D.=0.08). The results from the regression analysis and the experience of the laborious sample preparation technique for wet samples, give the conclusion that dried silage samples are recommended for determining feed characteristics using the GP technique in intake studies. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2007
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