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A reprint of the article "Social Factors Behind the Development of Outdoor Lighting" by Mike Simpson, which appeared in the June/July 1995 issue of "Lighting Journal" is presented.

The article reports on the road tunnel lighting, and focuses on the challenges faced by lighting designers while designing them.

The article focuses on the role of retail lighting designer. Topics discussed include employing technology to boost sales, change in the competitive landscape for retailers, and lighting as an effective branding, like the trademark colour red at Manchester United superstore which give the brand culture of the store. Also mentioned are shopping, brand experience, and light emitting diode (LED) technology.

The article discusses complexities of using coloured lighting in the urban environment in Great Britain and mentions a study to investigate how its use can be optimised. Topics include considerations for the same including relationship of colour and brightness, perception of colour and impact of culture, causes for increased use of coloured lighting like increase in lighting designers, and buildings used for the study including Saint Paul's Cathedral, Royal Festival Hall and County Hall.

The article features British lighting designer Declan Randall who talks about how theatrical and architectural schemes constantly inform and influence the other. Randall discusses the role of light to enhance, to narrate, to highlight, to beautify and to entertain, how his career and training in theatre has helped him in his work in architecture, and color as one of the aspects of light that he finds most interesting. Also mentioned are areas where a theatrical background has been beneficial.

The article presents the views of lighting designers of two recent schemes on why they have used blue light in different contexts. When asked about the blue lighting at an installation at a park in Nakashibetsu of Hokkaido, Japan, the designer said that they wanted to capture the iconic colour of the region in the lighting concept deriving from nature.

The article discusses a cost-effective way of lighting a one-kilometer, single-carriageway road with low to moderate traffic. The light designers considered the use of light emitting diode (LED), column spacing using CosmoPolis scheme and an option to dim the lighting. According to the article, the completed project demonstrated that significant savings are possible using two-stage dimming scheme without resorting to switch-off.

The article features British lighting professional Andre Tammes. With a career in architectural lighting design and urban strategies spanning three decades, Tammes is considered as one of the profession's pioneers in Great Britain. He talks about past highlights, present concerns and future visions.

The article outlines the new road lighting standard based on the one-day Institution of Lighting Professionals seminar on British Standards 5489-1:2013. Also known as road lighting standards, BS5489-1 is the foundation of road lighting design. Five main themes for 2013 changes to the standard include energy, competency, risk assessment, environment, and health and safety. Four changes to the new BS5489-1 are expected to lead to a reduction in electrical energy consumed.

An interview with Japanese lighting designer Motoko Ishii about her extraordinary life in lighting is presented. She discusses the effects of the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011 on lighting design in the country. She talks about her inspiration for becoming a lighting designer. The details of her career are also provided.

The article announces several awards given at the 28th International Lighting Designers Association, which includes The Radiance Award to Telekombridge in Bonn, Germany, Award of Excellence to Helsingborg Waterfront in Sweden and Award of Merit to Science Storms at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, Illinois.

The article offers information on the winners of the Lighting Design Awards, and refers to Gerd Pfarre, who won the Lighting Designer of the Year award, photographs of lighting projects of other winners, and a list of other winners which includes Cooledge Lighting for architectural lighting.

The article discusses the problems that lighting designers face when they are asked to offer consultation on projects that have been equipped with faulty lightning, due to the urgency to complete the work on the part of the manufacturers.

The article focuses on the colour saliency during night time environment and its relation to lighting design. A target that moves in a direction different from that of its neighbours is salient, as is a line which is brighter than its surrounding lines. To know the effect of the hue on the saliency, lightness and saturation levels are held equal for all coloured targets.

The article presents a summary of a debate about the affordability of non-functional or decorative public realm lighting in Great Britain. Three categories of people for whom lighting designers are designing are cited, including those who use the scheme. It mentions three projects that summarizes why public realm lighting is not something that should be discarded in times of economic crisis. It notes the need for the private sector to invest in installing and maintaining architectural lighting.

The article reflects on the author's perspectives as outgoing chairman for the nonprofit organization Young Lighting Professionals (YLP) on promoting events and trainings for its members and highlights the upcoming chairman's objectives for the development and success of the organization.

The article focuses on the significance of building information modelling (BIM) as a tool for visualizing, specifying and managing construction projects for lighting contractors on larger projects.

The article discusses how building partnership can help lighting manufacturers and lighting designers to add value to their business as it can boost efficiency, performance and the overall ambiance within the space.

The article discusses different types of insurance required for lighting projects such as Contractors' All Risks Insurance, Professional Indemnity Insurance and Employers' Liability Insurance.

The article discusses the challenges being faced by lighting designers when designing for the non-visual effects of light, and mentions a non-image forming system that is intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells that influences health and wellbeing.

The article offers information on the 2016 Light School exhibition at the Surface Design Show that was held at Business Design Centre in Islington in London, England.

The article discusses the need for lighting designers to improve the lighting designs and techniques in the face of the continuing debate regarding de-illumination of motorways.

The article features the winning designs from the 2013 Socialight CLU Foundation Competition. The illumination intensity and the height of the light sources of the first prize winner, Crowd Darkening, corresponds to the time of day, the number of people in the park and their location. Meanwhile, the idea of the second prize winner, Light Fall, is to harvest, transport and distribute the light of the sun to urban inhabitants living within vertical concentrations.

The article celebrates the life of Derek Philips as pioneer of independent lighting design in Great Britain, who died at age 90 in November 5, 2013.

The author examines the issues on the difference between lighting engineers and lighting designers. According to the author, the issue in question is more about good and bad design and the application of best practice than any real differential between an engineer's and designer's approaches. Engineers and designers are not so divergently different because their motivations are the same and the issue is really about quality, professionalism and being able to demonstrate competence.

The article offers information on a 2013 Young Lighting Professionals survey designed to find out the age, gender, position within organisation and the current salary of the respondent. The survey compared and analyzed the collected data within that from Great Britain's Office for National Statistics. Lighting professionals' average salary is 40,560 British pounds. Compared to people's experience to their median salaries, lighting industry offers great potential, says the survey.

The article tackles the pros and cons of The Institution of Lighting Professionals' (ILP) guidance on obtrusive light and how it could be improved as debated during the second ILP Professional Industry Partnership forum in 2013. Peter Raynham of the Bartlett School suggested that the proper measure in the guidance tables should be luminance rather than luminous intensity and proposed to develop a method of using digital cameras, an extension of current high dynamic range imaging.

The article centers on the Young Lighting Profressionals (YLP) versus the Institution of Lighting Professionals members' Triaflon Challenge. The contest consists of a 400m swim, a 20km bike ride and a 5km run. The event has raised more than 1,500 pounds for Diabetes UK and Alzheimer's Society. The swimming section takes place in the Bicester sports centre and the bike ride through Bicester town. Sponsor Nedal treated the YLP members to a tour of its aluminium extrusion and processing factory.

The article discusses the highlights of the third Professional Lighting Design Convention (PLDC) that took place at the Circulo de Bellas Artes in Madrid, Spain from October 19 to 22, 2011. A keynote speech was delivered by veteran U.S. lighting designer Paul Marantz on the first day. It cites topics of papers presented at the event, including professional practice issues. Also mentioned is a discussion on an integrated approach to urban lighting given by Emily Dufner and Vasiliki Malakasi.

A list of lighting design award winners is presented which includes Gerd Pfarre as Lighting Designer of the Year, Cooledge Lighting for Architectural Luminaire, and Retail Project of the Year award won by organization Pfarre Lighting Design, Germany.

A list is presented of lighting designers who are aged under 40 and awarded by organizers of the Lighting Design Awards, as part of their 40th anniversary celebration, which includes Stuart Alexander, Cashel Brown, and June Park.

The article offers the author's insights on the need to grow the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) to encourage students to enter a career career in lighting design and technology. Topics discussed by the author include his role as vice president (VP) education at ILP to design and develop courses for lighting professional, the review of all ILP educational offerings such as the Exterior Lighting Diploma (ELD) course, and the delivery of educational activities online.

The author argues on retail lighting design and its basic principles, along with the impact of new developments in lighting, audio-visual (AV), and digital technologies to retail lighting designer.

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses two reports published within the issue, namely the choices made on colour, texture and type of materials affecting the lit appearance of a space and the Surface Design Show to be held on February 10-12, 2015 in London, England.

The article discusses the highlights of the show "An Evening of Light and Inspiration" held at BDP Lighting's London, England offices in 2014, featuring the launch of the Institution of Lighting Professionals' (ILP) Light List which details over 100 publications about light.

The article discusses the social and financial benefits of hiring a lighting designer. It mentions that lighting designers who are able to select the right fittings could bring spaces to life, show points of interests or highlight safety concerns. It also elaborates on the lighting energy issue which is monitored by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

The article discusses plaudits and positive developments in British lighting industry as of June 2014. Featured individual is Keven Shaw, recipient of Lighting Designer of the Year Award. Information on Light School, an event held at the Surface Design Center organized by Light Collective and Institution of Lighting Professionals.

The article discusses the link between high scotopic/photopic (S/P) ratio sources and perceived brightness of the scene. It notes that this link has been well established and backed up by science and research. In Great Britain, lighting designers are allowed to use a mesopic factor in order to increase effectiveness of sources with a high S/P ratio. Experiments conducted by doctor Sam Berman, former head of lighting group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, are discussed.

The article focuses on the manufaturing of the lighting equipments. Making a conscious effort to work with the British manufacturers, whenever it is possible to do so has an impact on the state of the nation by safeguarding job. Refurbished buildings need the services of designers and lighting companies.

The article discusses the advantages of being a member of the Young Lighting Professional (YLP) and being involved with the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP). It cites the importance of participating in programs organised by the ILP/YLP and updating the continual professional development (CPD) qualifications for the growth of the company. It also mentions the need to socialise with other members in the form of activities like mountain biking, zip lines and visits to bars.

The author reflects on the role and duties of a lighting designer who is involved in theatre, architecture and film.

A photograph of the winning entry to the winter lights competition held in 2012 by the Development Corp. of Mount Royal Avenue, is presented.

The author offers information on a publication launched by the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) titled "Lighting Landscapes." Commenting on the underlit seating she noticed while walking along the river approaching Southbank stretch in London, England, she believes it is a patent contravention of the principles and execution of the original lighting scheme for that area by lighting design company Speirs and Major.

The article emphasizes the importance of the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) membership to learn about the installation and maintenance of lighting. The Institution helps professionals align policies and develop strategies while ensuring they are keeping up with the rapid advancement in technology and changing economic climate. The author highlights the Lantern project which aims to explore whether street lighting adaptations will impact on crime and road traffic crash injuries.

The article offers information on the 11th Surface Design Show to be held on February 4 to 6, 2014 at Business Design Centre in London, England which will feature a series of discussions by top lighting designers in the country and an exhibition of several lighting products.

The article presents information on the death of British lighting designer Derek Phillips.

The article offers information on several lighting designers in Great Britain who are qualified members of the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) and offer consultancy services including Lorraine Calcott, Carl Gardner, and Alistair Scott.

A directory of lighting designers and engineers who are members of the Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP) is presented including Lorraine Calcott, Carl Gardner and Alan Jaques.

The article reports that the Intenational Association of Lighting Designers (IALD) will hold a global event called "Chase the Dark" on November 14, 2013 that will follow the setting sun across the globe to demonstrate the power of light in urban communities.

The article discusses the need for a worldwide certification in architectural lighting design. The architectural lighting design community is urged to define the areas in which they practice and measure competency against a validated standard. The certification will lend credibility to the lighting industry, says the author.