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The study focused on library services and users' satisfaction in academic libraries in Imo State, Nigeria. The study examined the extent of users' satisfaction with library services in academic libraries in Imo State, Nigeria, the relationship between library exhibition/display and user education services. Three research questions were posed and two hypotheses were formulated for the study. Correlational design was adopted for the study while 4-point likert rating scale was used to elicit data. A sample size of 393 students was drawn from the population of 15,310 using Taro Yammane (1967) sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed with Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC) to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significant. The result of the findings showed that; there is low extent of satisfaction with library services by the respondents, there is significant relationship between library exhibition/display services and users' satisfaction and there is also significant and positive relationship between user education and users' satisfaction. The study recommends that the library management should embark on feasibility study so as to make sure that the information resources needed by users are acquired as this will increase users' satisfaction and the provision of user-oriented service should be encourage so as to enhance users' satisfaction and patronage of libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The semantic web environment's world connecting identifiers are critical components. Linked open data is based on the URI and URL of multiple digital library repositories. The article discusses how to integrate ILS-OPAC using open source tools and how to search for linkage identifiers in ILS-OPAC. Authority and bibliographic linking are enabled using MarcEdit's Bibframe-based structure, linking IDs, and the SPARQL browser. It is simple to transfer linked data from library MARC records to IDs. Apart from this, identifiers have been linked using MARC 21 tags and subfield components. It will examine the library's OPAC's automated search capabilities for topic authorities. These integrated world connecting services benefit library users by making it simple to access related bibliographic records stored in external web repositories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the cardinal benefits of library consortium which is the resource sharing. Resource sharing aims at maximizing collection and services of libraries and information centres at minimum cost. Various sources of information (primary and secondary literature) were perused to view the essentiality of resource sharing in carrying out effective and efficient library and information services to users. The paper also highlighted the requirements needed for successful resource sharing practices among libraries. The significance/benefits of resource sharing as it relates to economic, developmental, academic/research as well as social life of librarians and library personnel were clearly stated. An ideal library networking model for resource sharing as well as examples such as DELNET, INFLIBNET, GILLDDNET and NULIB were presented. Various challenges militating against effective resource sharing were highlighted. The study concluded that resource sharing is inevitable and absolutely a necessary tool for enhancing an all time effective and efficient library and information services. The study proffered recommendations as remedies to factors militating against effective resource sharing in libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library activities are always oriented towards offering the best possible resources and services to its users. From time to time, technological advancements have benefited them in accomplishing their objectives effectively. The internet of things (IoT) has recently been predicted to be a technology that will benefit librarians in their endeavours. The purpose of this article is to review selected scholarly papers on IoT applications in libraries in order to demonstrate the potential of IoT applications in library activities, particularly in the academic environment. The paper discusses several elements of IoT applications in libraries and cautions readers about possible consequences. The study is exploratory in nature, and national and international articles were culled from a variety of sources. Articles that recommended or advocated the use of IoT technology in libraries are included in the study. The study offers an in-depth analysis of IoT technologies for library use in five sections: introduction, concept of IoT, application of IoT in libraries, advantages and challenges in adopting IoT. Our review reveals that while several IoT applications have been developed for library usage, only a few libraries in western nations have implemented them, and the technology has not been extensively accepted, particularly in Indian libraries. Finally, concludes that, despite the cyber security concerns and hurdles, the introduction of IoT technology in libraries is critical for providing current services alongside traditional services to a vast mass of techno dexterous users at their chosen location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students' perceptions of the usability of libraries is very important as they can help to put into perceptive how students relate to libraries and how they use them. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate students' perceptions of the usability of the library at the Tshwane University of Technology, Polokwane Campus. Quantitative and qualitative research approaches were followed. The constructivist learning theory was adopted as a theoretical framework for the study. The research design was a case study. To obtain sampling units of students, Stratified random sampling and systematic random sampling were applied. In the case of the library staff, purposive sampling was used. The findings revealed that students find the library user-friendly and they visit the library to borrow materials, read their own notes and books, access the internet, and to study because it is a quiet place in which to study. The study concludes that the library provides space for its users, particularly students and thus user-friendly to them. They can also access internet for their searches. The study recommends therefore that the library should ensure that the space is available at all times. Also that they should make means to market its other services extensively and introduce library users to other services which are offered in the library. Overall, the key results shed new insight on how slight changes in students' perceptions may ultimately inform the actual use of an academic library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than seventy online studies were reviewed to identify awareness, usage, satisfaction, and challenges of using information resources and services in academic libraries by users. The main objective of this study is to review the literature on information resources and services regarding awareness, usage, impact, challenges, satisfaction levels of users of various academic libraries. The study includes research papers published in national and international journals and other sources available on the internet. A review of various studies revealed that users use library resources and services for various purposes. Studies reveal that most users are satisfied with print resources, but they face problems while accessing online resources due to lack of skills to use these resources. Most students today rely on online resources, but a lack of training prevents them from getting the information they need. Most of the studies have suggested that the library should play an important role in providing information literacy program and user studies at regular intervals in their institutions to provide better library and information services to the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of digital technologies in libraries represents a transformative move in the way information is accessed, disseminated, and preserved. The main purpose of the study is to examine the impact of digital technologies on resources and services of public libraries in Anambra and Imo States, and five specific objectives were formed to guide the study. Survey method was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises of all the library staff both professional and para-professional staff of Anambra state and Imo state public library board (Headquarters) and there are fifty-eight (58) in number. The entire fifty-eight (58) was used as sample size, census enumeration was adopted. The instrument for data collection for the study was the four point modified likert rating scale. The researcher administered the questionnaires through the help of research assistant. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics for calculating the mean. Mean score above the expected or criterion mean of 2.5 was accepted while those below the value were rejected. Diffusion of Innovations Theory by Everett Rogers (1962), guided the study. The findings of the study revealed that the overall digital awareness, as indicated by the grand mean, is moderate, with a score of approximately 1.82 and that the extent of digital integration in the two public libraries is on low extent. The study recommends that that effort should be made to enhance awareness and access to online cataloging, digital lending, and library websites/apps to improve the overall digital literacy and engagement of library users. This may include conducting targeted outreach and educational programs to inform users about these services and their benefits. The library should consider investing in improving its computer facilities for public use, ensuring that patrons have access to up-to-date and well-maintained computers and internet connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Nigeria, open and distance learning has become widely accepted. Even though there are a myriad of educational problems, workers, politicians, school leavers, and the public are finding the distance learning system a convenient and flexible mode to acquire education. Libraries are indispensable in every facet of higher education. Adequate library support for distance learners is mandatory for the qualitative delivery of instruction and learning. The development of hybrid libraries has definite benefits for distance learners. It is imperative to create virtual learning environments and libraries without borders to reach multitudes of learners at various locations. Several institutions are approved to run distance learning. Eight distance-learning university libraries were purposively selected to examine the status of hybrid library services aimed at reaching distance learners. These include the Federal University of Technology Library, Minna, University of Maiduguri Library, University of Abuja Library, Ahmadu Bello University Library Zaria, National Open University of Nigeria Library, Olabisi Onabanjo University Library, Ago-Iwoye, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Library, Port Harcourt and Joseph Ayo Babalola University Library. The objectives of the study were to determine the status of library services in ODL institutions in Nigeria, analyse the form of library service most suitable to distant learners in Nigeria, examine the challenges confronting distance learning in Nigeria and determine the challenges in providing timely library services to distant learners in Nigeria. This paper examines the penetration of distance learning in Nigeria and the suitability of hybrid library services provided to distant learners. It examines the challenges in creating and delivering well-integrated and functional library services for distance education and the prospects of a hybrid library in a developing country like Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated marketing of library services as a determinant for undergraduate's patronage in Oghara Polytechnic library in Delta State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design using questionnaire as instrument for data collection. The population of the study consists of 31 library staff at the Oghara polytechnic library. A total of 31 questionnaires were distributed only 25 were retrieved. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics mean and percentage mean score of 2.5 and above. The study revealed that the needs for marketing library and information services in Oghara polytechnic libraries is keeping the clients in touch, informed about resources and services that match their interests, aims at determining the needs and aims at determining the wants and demands of undergraduates. The study shows the current techniques employed in marketing library services as library website, orientation tours and workshops, blogs and podcast, and posters. The study affirmed the extent of undergraduate's patronage as once in week, twice a week and during exams. The study recommended that the library management should utilize social media to market their information resource and services to increase undergraduate's patronage, the library staff should improve their relationships with their users so as to portray a good image of the library to their users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine how public libraries promote development of good reading habits among the users who come to access for information. It explores how far-in this digital age, public and academic libraries are able to meet the information needs of society. By developing a theoretical model of access to and usage of information based on axioms that set forth the role of public libraries in the services of society, we attempt to examine and analyze how PLs promote adult literacy drive that have positive contribution to society. Community public library systems are thus examined and their role model clearly decimated. We find that public libraries have still much relevance in supporting readers and promoting literacy drive. Our thinking is that, public libraries can aptly be considered as institutions of national importance in imparting education and knowledge to patrons which is necessary for the growth of learned society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the possibility of minimizing instances of book banning, program protest, director firing, and library defunding in conservative Republican communities. The aim is to suggest ways of reducing strife while preserving the maximum possible local access to socially just public library collections and services. It begins with an exploration of the causes of the present day's seemingly irreconcilable confrontations in conservative communities over the socially just services of many public libraries. The influence of contemporary versions of the "library faith" and religiously inspired "callings" on disputes over children's books and programming is examined. Finally, the article goes beyond the library and information literature to explore the effectiveness of pre-dispute, or early dispute, informal and formal negotiations as a means of avoiding deep divisions over the role of the public library. In conservative communities and states such an approach might develop acceptable, albeit sometimes imperfect, resolutions of problems that are tolerated by both library professionals and conservative critics. In too many instances the perceived alternative to negotiation is likely to be a public library caught up in censorship clashes with unpredictable results for socially just service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the role of information and communication technology (ICT)) towards providing effective library services in special libraries of Adamawa broadcasting corporation Yola, Adamawa State Nigeria. The study employed four objectives of the study and four research questions. The study adopted the descriptive survey research method. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The population of the study consists of fifteen (15) staff. This study adopted purposive sampling technique where. Descriptive statistic was used as the method of data analysis. The study revealed that there is availability of ICTs such as: CDs, hard drives, flash and also photocopier and printers in the library. The study also, revealed that the staff possessed competencies in retrieving document from storage devices. The study also, showed that current awareness services are effective in using ICTS for providing effective services in the library. The study showed that poor funding and facilities are the major problem hindered the effective use of information and communication technology in the library. The study concluded that among others that there is availability of information and communication technologies; also, staff in the library possessed competencies of retrieving document from the storage devices and poor funding and inadequate facilities are the major problems hinders the effective use of the library. The study recommended among others that the management of ABC should make ICTs available and should make sufficient funds available in other to acquire modern ICT facilities for effective services delivery [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the determinants of job satisfaction among male & female paraprofessional librarians in academic libraries in Gombe State. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population of the study consist all the 187 paraprofessionals in the five academic libraries in Gombe State. The entire population was used without sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. This instrument was validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha which yielded an overall co-efficient value of 0.79. Mean score and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The null hypotheses were tested using independent samples t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that male para-professionals were satisfied with their job as regards staff development while their female counterpart are not; the findings also revealed that there is no significant difference in the mean response of male and female paraprofessional librarians on their level of job satisfaction based on reward system and promotional opportunities in academic libraries in Gombe State. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended among others that the management of academic libraries in Gombe State should develop and sustain policies that will enhance factors of job satisfaction, such as: staff development, promotional opportunities and reward system so that they can discharge better services to library users, in order to enhance productivity of the staff and achieved the institutional objectives. The board of academic libraries should also endeavor to provide a level playing ground for equal opportunities between male and female para-professional librarians by ensuring that basic needs for academic excellence are provided for all, irrespective of gender, and the management should develop and sustain policies that will enhance parameters of job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the marketing of information services in Medical Libraries of Public Universities in the North-West zone of Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to identify the major services provided by the medical libraries and how to improve them. An explanatory sequential mixed method was used. The study involved medical libraries of four public Universities in the zone. A sample of 365 numbers of students and 4 numbers of heads f medical libraries were chosen for the study. Surveys, questionnaires, interviews and observation schedules were used as instruments for data collection. The findings reveal that current information services, exhibitions and displays of new resources were the most common service. Similarly, current information services along with exhibitions and displays of new resources are the services that most students appeared to be aware of and use. The study shows that current information services, exhibitions and displays of new resources and others are the most accessible services. Also, users were more satisfied with current information services. The challenges surrounding the marketing of information services include lack of awareness on some of the important services, the absence of a marketing policy and inadequate funding. It is therefore recommended that libraries should do all they could to ensure that those services are adequately marketed. There is a need for a marketing policy to guide the marketing of information services of medical libraries. Medical libraries should solicit adequate funding from their parent bodies and other donor agencies to meet their users' needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

QR code technology can provide an easy and convenient way for users to access library and management information services. By using QR codes, libraries can improve the user experience, save time and effort for users, and gather feedback to improve their services. QR code technology can provide easy access to library and management information services in several ways. QR codes can be placed on library shelves, books, and other materials to allow users to quickly access information about the resource, such as its location, availability, and details about the content. This can help users save time and effort when looking for materials. Many libraries offer mobile apps that allow users to access library services and resources from their smartphones or tablets. QR codes can provide easy access to these apps, allowing users to download and install them quickly. Libraries often host book clubs, author talks, and workshops. QR codes can provide information about these events and allow users to register or RSVP easily. It can be used to gather user feedback about library services and resources. Users can scan a QR code and provide feedback, which can help libraries improve their services. The paper is the first attempt to delineate the extensive usage of QR codes for library and management information services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public libraries are the reliable platform for the people to exchange information, understand culture, language, literature, customs, and traditions. However, the success rate of public library services in BTR is not satisfactory due to inadequate infrastructure, less use of ICT, unskilled staff, poor funding, and improper policy. This study analyses the present status of public library services to identify the problems, possibilities, and prospects of Bodoland public library services for re-structuring by taking relevant elements of the digital age. The study's main objective is to suggest for re-structure the public library services to minimize the gap between public libraries and the people of Bodoland (BTR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet has significantly influenced every aspect of human life, while the present era is characterized by information evolution. Efforts to measure up with the quest for information become a herculean task with the traditional reference information service. However, the traditional reference service has undergone a massive facelift with the introduction of the Internet. The concept of online reference information service is an expert way of providing for users' information needs through the mediation of a reference librarian. While online reference information service has had a share in innovation, reference librarians are confronted with meeting users' information needs by embracing their new roles. The study investigated the perception and satisfaction level of online reference information service users and how to satisfy the information needs of users in NBTS. The study was delimited to the Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso, in scope, and the study sample was drawn from students and other library users in the community. Based on the findings, online reference services through user education must be prioritized in today's library system. Cooperation of online reference librarians with both local and international online reference librarians is also of utmost importance. In conclusion, the study pointed out the indispensable roles of reference librarians in satisfying users' information needs in the changing world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural development in Rice Bowl is faced with new challenges and opportunities on food, nutrition, population and environment fronts. Public Libraries of Purba Bardhaman play a vital role to face these challenges by providing quick access to information. The Public libraries are conscious of improving the conditions through Community Information Centre (CIC) for fully utilizing information age technologies to collect, organize, and disseminate all types of information needed by the users they serve. Public libraries' primary responsibilities include granting access to and safeguarding recorded knowledge for later use. In addition, they are in charge of disseminating necessary information to the neighborhood to aid residents in daily issue solving. One way that a public library serves the local community is through its Community Information Services (CIS). In the Purba Bardhaman area of West Bengal, the study covers the current function of public libraries, service issues, and solution suggestions for community information services. This research also covers how collaboration helps to agricultural activities for public libraries provide community information services (CIS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource sharing and networking are among the noticeable phenomenon which have not been given necessary attention it deserves as a result of which most libraries are not meeting the information needs and services of their users as at when due. This paper highlights evolving networking and resource sharing among academic libraries in Nigeria. It was discovered that most of the library in developing countries are faced with the precarious issue of non-availability of qualitative services to their numerous library users due to inadequate budget allocation for library, uncooperative or inept attitude of most libraries professionals. Hence, in an effort to curb this perennial crisis, resource sharing and networking between the different libraries came into limelight. The relevance of resource sharing and networking were discussed vis a vis different types of resources that can be shared. The impact of ICT on resource sharing and networking was also stressed and myriads of challenges encountered during the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores prospects of digital information services in Nigerian public libraries. The paper identified potential advantages of digital library system as a tool for modern information services. It observes that public library services will not be successful without the adoption and use of digital technologies such as hardware and software components that improve library services. The paper analyzes the concept of digital library, role of public library in digital environment and training need for public librarians in digital service delivery as well as constraints to digital information services in Nigerian public libraries. It provides workable recommendations on how Nigerian public libraries will move forward in the digital environment by formulating digital library policy and standards, user education, provision of adequate training and re-training of staff through seminars, conferences and workshops as well as adequate budget for the purchase of digital technologies and resources for effective service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the role and importance of public libraries as institutions that provide access to knowledge, information, and works of the imagination to all members of the community. Topics include the historical development and positioning of public libraries at the crossroads of educational, cultural, and ideological interests, the role of librarians as knowledge managers, and the support of user education as a primary role of public libraries.

The study examined the relationship between staff development programmes and service delivery in Imo State Public Library, Owerri. The study was guided by three research questions and three null hypotheses. A census study technique was adopted to cover the entire population of 42 library staff. A correlation research design was adopted for study, while rating scale was used as data collection instrument. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson (r) statistics to answer the research questions. The hypotheses were tested using t-test statistics of simple linear correlation at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that there is a positive relationship between in-service training in use for staff development and service delivery in Imo State Public Library, Owerri; that there is a positive very high extent of relationship between mentoring programmes in use for staff development and service delivery and also that there is a positive very low extent of relationship between the extent of practice of continuing education programme and service delivery. The researcher recommended that Public library management in Nigeria should go beyond the conventional methods of providing in-service training for library staff and look towards the virtual aspect of staff development as this is the best way to acquire and share knowledge globally; that public libraries should effectively evaluate their mentoring programmes and provide them with feedbacks in order to ascertain their effectiveness in terms of the impact of the programmes job performance (service delivery) of the library staff and also that public library management should, as a matter of necessity, place more emphasis on staff acquisition of skills and knowledge in Information and Communication Technology and other related areas to enable them cope with the challenges occasioned by ICT integration in library services and operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the use of social media during covid-19 by the Justice Babasola Ogunade Law Library of Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo State, Nigeria. In achieving the set objectives for this study, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted among the six staff of the Hon. Justice Babasola Ogunade Law Library, Ajayi Crowther University, Nigeria. For the purpose of ensuring that the discussion revolved round the intended construct. The researchers made use of prepared structured questions and checklists that made the process of data collection easier. Findings from the study (95% of the respondents) revealed that the law library had over the years embraced the use of social media in the marketing of its services to the library users. More so, the study further observed that even though social media is very useful in the dissemination of information, 60% of the respondents agreed that only few of the social media platforms are currently in use by the law library. Equally, the deployment of social media is confronted by a number of inhibiting factors mostly during the pandemic including but not limited to erratic electricity and internet supplies; lack of experience in the use of social media and poor internet connectivity in Oyo environs. In the light of the problems identified, solutions were proffered. It is believed that with access to trainings on social media usage by the library staff, the services rendered in the library might be more effectively utilized. The study also recommended that libraries should develop social pages for maximum exploitation of library services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic libraries play a key role in the promotion of user centered services through the provision of information resources and services for the information needs of the library clienteles. With the emergence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the traditional library services have no place in satisfying the curiosity of the library users. Library users are gradually keeping away from the use of the library and less value are attached to the library. This paper looked at the traditional and hybrid services that are easy to access and more convenient for the library users as a way of promoting clientele centered services in academic libraries. The study recommended that academic libraries should introduce and employ strategic services in order to attract the library users to the library services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study employed a quantitative research approach to explore users' perceptions of e-libraries established under the Punjab E-Library Project (PELP) in Punjab, Pakistan. On the basis of the literature review, a questionnaire was developed to gather necessary data for addressing the research questions. The quantitative data was collected from users of four elibraries by employing the convenience sampling technique. The findings indicate that the majority of the respondents used e-libraries to gain benefit from their resources and services. The respondents used various electronic gadgets, such as desktop computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets to access and use resources and services of the libraries. The respondents viewed services of the libraries as reliable, user-friendly, and easily accessible. E-resources offered by the libraries adequately meet their information needs. The findings have implications for the library administration and LIS professionals to continue and further improve resources and services of the libraries in accordance with users' needs and expectation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the creative advocacy of inclusion in every aspect of the society, Social Inclusion is now a universal concept and inclusivity in the library is no exception. An inclusive Library is an important element for an inclusive education and thereby, an inclusive society. Accessibility is the key concern when it comes to inclusion in the library. This study focuses on the various issues of accessibilities in selected academic libraries located in the North Eastern Region of India. This topic seems to be an underexplored study, especially in this region of the country. Therefore, it is high time to create a serious awareness about the importance of an inclusive library that supports the students with special needs in their quest for information and higher education. With this goal, the present study was undertaken to draw attention of the scientific community to the existing gaps in the library services to its users with special needs, especially in higher learning. This paper highlights the initial findings of a research study on the academic libraries in sixteen selected central institutes located in the North Eastern region of India, regarding their services to the persons with special needs. Various accessibility measures based on standard recommendations were studied to have a holistic approach towards inclusivity in these libraries. The study revealed the various barriers and constraints to accessibility and found that a proper framework of policy and a proper funding may well be the main solution in overcoming barriers to accessibility for this group of special people in their quest for knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the information infrastructure, facilities and services in Nigeria's Agriculture University Libraries., Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Federal, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Abia, and Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, are the respondents. The main objective of the study is to assess the information resources, services and facilities at Agriculture University Libraries in Nigeria in order to analyze the types of available information resources, services and facilities, and the constraints associated with on the provision of information resources services and facilities to library users. Although questionnaires were provided to university librarians, the researcher was in charge of monitoring the activities of library users. The researcher took the entire respondent population of university librarians, in Agriculture University Libraries sampled were retrieved and analyzed, representing 100 %. The process of observation was also used to fill in the holes that the questionnaire did not fill in. Key findings show that in the Agriculture University Libraries in Nigeria, the existing agricultural information tools and facilities available, accessible and used are inadequate. In the Agriculture University Libraries, infrastructural facilities and internet services existed, but were not well established. There was no access to adequate information resources for users because of the insufficient number of library employees. The study recommended the enhancement of existing information tools, services and user information needs facilities, offline database subscriptions such as AGORA, HINARI, AJOL, JSTORE and EGranary to access agricultural information. To resolve these limitations, library management should look beyond the annual budget and reliance on TETFund, on consultancy services, printing, binding, publishing, donations from philanthropists into the future field of revenue streams and financing the library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined management functions and students' satisfaction with library services in public secondary schools in Imo State Nigeria. The study was guided by 3 research questions and 3 hypotheses. The design of the study is a linear correlational design. The population of the study is 94,968. This is made up of 94,693 Senior Secondary School Students and 275 librarians from 275 public secondary schools in Imo State. The sample size for this study is 660 made up of 110 librarians and 550 SS2 students from 110 public secondary schools in Imo State. The sampling techniques used in this study are multi-stage, purposive, simple random and disproportionate sampling techniques. Two types of research instruments were used to collect data for this study namely; School Library Management Scale (SLMS) for school librarians and Students' Satisfaction with Library Services Scale (SSLSS) for Students. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson (r) for the research questions and t-test of significance of correlation for hypotheses. The major findings of the study showed that: there is a very low positive relationship between planning as a management function and students' satisfaction with library services. It was also established that there is a very low positive relationship between the organizing function and students' satisfaction with library services and there is a significant relationship between controlling and students' satisfaction with library services. Based on these findings, the study recommended that: there should be proper and adequate planning with the available library services because for any school library service to be effective and satisfy the needs of the students, it must be properly planned; Library services in secondary schools should be well organized in the aspect of cataloguing, classification, shelving as these will facilitate the use of library by students and ultimately improve their reading habits; Control measures should be put in place as activities should be carried out according to plans accomplished by comparing actual performance with predetermined standards with the view to correct any deviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated staffing and supervision as predictors of students' satisfaction with library services in public secondary schools in Imo State. The study was guided by 2 research questions and 2 hypotheses. The design of the study is a linear correlational design. The population of the study is 94,968. This is made up of 94693 Senior Secondary School Students and 275 librarians from 275 public secondary schools in Imo State. The sample size for this study is 660 librarians and SS2 students from 110 public secondary schools (110 librarians and SS2 550 students). The sampling techniques used in this study are multi-stage, purposive, simple random and disproportionate sampling techniques. Two types of research instruments were used to collect data for this study namely, School Library Management Scale (SLMS) for school librarians and Students' Satisfaction with Library Services Scale (SSLSS) for Students. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson (r) for the research questions and t-test of significance of correlation for hypotheses. The major findings of the study showed that; there is a very low positive relationship between staffing and students' satisfaction with library services. It was also established that there is a very low positive relationship between supervision and students' satisfaction with library services, but the relationships are not significant. Based on these findings, the study recommended that; since the efficiency of any library and how it satisfies its users depends mainly on the competence of the human beings recruited to manage it, the researcher recommends the employment of qualified and professional librarians in our secondary school libraries; there should be good and proper supervision of both staff and users of library services to check the non-challant attitude of both for smooth running of the libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries and information centres accumulate information and achieve the users' information needs. The users' information need varies according to their different fields of interest. The library professionals and information centres need to fulfil the changing needs of the users. Through users' studies, we get the idea of where the users are using optimal information and know where the library must improve the services. A study was carried to gauge the services provided by the public libraries to the users of Murshidabad District, West Bengal. Survey methods and questionnaire tools were applied to conduct this study. The study found that users improve their reading skills in several ways by using public libraries. It was found that the users need more services like computer facilities, photocopies facility, beverage facility, newspapers, magazines, more subject related books, and journals publicly libraries of Murshidabad District. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study carried out an appraisal of traditional and modern methods of security of information resources in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Library. The population of the study consists of 51 library staff, and sample size of the study was 44 library staff which was selected randomly using simple random sample techniques. Three research questions were formulated to guide this study. Data was collected using the questionnaire, and was analysed with descriptive statistics such as mean, and simple percentage. The study revealed that the traditional method of security of information resources used in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University library includes: Security Clearance check at entrance/exit door, Library stamp at certain adopted pages of library books, Single Door Entry-Exit for Staff & User, Library cards as access entry authorization, Security Guards Employed to Patrol, Fire Extinguisher & Security Equipment, and Signature of every user. The study revealed that, the Modern method of security of information resources used in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University library include: Air conditioner for Humidity control, CCTV camera, Use of password/access code, and Digital Data Security Systems (like antivirus). The finding of the study revealed that the challenges facing the traditional and modern method of security of information resources use in Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University library include: Inadequate fund, Poor power supply, low policy implementation, inadequate professional librarian, and Inadequate library staff. Based on the finding the study recommended as follows: Library management should market library product and services to the users, and take advantage of fee based library services to generate more fund in addition to that coming from the parent institution; and Library management should take adequate measure to acquire big capacity solar energy, and big generator set for library services, to solve the issue of poor power supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article's aim is to evaluate the bibliometric analysis on library services through social media between 2010 and 2021. Data for the library services and social media were taken from the Scopus database using bibliometric analysis. For the purpose of obtaining pertinent information from both data sources, a thorough search method was developed. Ultimately, 138 Scopus records were chosen. VOS viewer software, Biblioshiny, and Excel have all been used for data analysis. A total 138 articles from 2010-2021 and related to library service and social media were retrieved from Scopus. Average year of publication was 4.04 and average citations per document were 6.399. Total 303 authors contributed to these 138 articles. The University of Malaya and University of Ghana is the top affiliation to contribute top articles on the Library service and social media. University of Malaya contributes a total 10 articles and the total proportion is 13.8% out of 138 articles. The University of Ghana contributed a total of 9 articles and the proportion is 12.42%. This study offers a comprehensive indication of origin in the areas of library services and social media, which is helpful for the librarians, academicians and novice researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study assessed the public libraries of Sindh in terms of information and human resources, services and the problems faced by the libraries in the delivery of services. Methodology: The study was quantitative in nature and survey research method was used to achieve the desired objectives. There were 30 public libraries, which constituted the study's population and data was collected from heads/incharge of libraries through the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Results: The heads of most libraries were non-professionals, and some libraries were worked with very few staff. The availability of information resources was found inadequate and resources such as maps, reports, theses & dissertations, rare books, and e-books were found in very few libraries. The services such as open shelf, circulation, reference and current awareness services were offered by most libraries; however, SDI, audiovisual, document reservation, interlibrary loan, orientation and scanning services were offered by few libraries. The major problems faced by the libraries were lack of training opportunities, non-availability of integrated library software, insufficient information, human and financial resources, limited e-resources and lack of commitment from the management. Implications: The study's findings could be beneficial to the concerned authorities. The key points to be considered include 1) information resources should be procured both in printed and electronic formats, 2) the existing facilities and services should be upgraded and extended to other libraries and, 3) sufficient funds should be provided to acquire information resources, develop proper infrastructure and launched new services. Originality: This is the first study in the province to assess the various aspects of public libraries. It will fill the literature gap and guide the researchers to explore the other aspects of public libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the impact of CSR on the library's performance in collaboration with CSR programs. Using the purposive sampling method, the sample was 350 library service users in Indonesia. Data was collected through a Google Form questionnaire distributed on social media. SEM-PLS was used to analyze five hypotheses, which were accepted. This study indicates that CSR in the library is significantly positively related to library image, customer value, and loyalty. In addition, library image and customer value are positively related to library visitor loyalty. Currently, the social responsibility literature is only limited to the customer perspective, and not many have examined CSR effectiveness from the perspective of corporate partners, such as libraries. Managerial implication can be proposed that CSR programs effectively and empirically positively impact library performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated public library services on the literacy level of users in Kenneth Dike ECentral Library, Awka. Five research questions were used for the study. The research method adopted was the survey method and population consisted of 2543 registered users of Kenneth Dike public library. A sample size of 345 users was used. Mean was used for data analysis. Questionnaires and observation checklist were used for data collection. The study found that the available public library services that can promote the literacy level of users are consultancy services, exhibition and displays, book reservation services which have high mean score above 2.50. The extent of use of the available public library services by users to promote their literacy level are reprographic services, library instruction (user education), and inter-library loan which have high mean score above 2.50. The roles of public library in promoting literacy level of users in Kenneth Dike E-central Library in Awka are teaching of literacy skills, promotion of independent learning, education on lifelong learning, organizing library week, story-talk hour, creative activities or creative writing, book exhibition and book talk which have high mean score above 2.50. The challenges that hinder public library in providing effective services towards promoting literacy level are inadequate financial support, insufficient library materials, and poor library infrastructure which have high mean score above 2.50. The solutions to the challenges that hinder public library in providing effective services towards promoting literacy level of users are adequate financial support, sufficient library materials, and low cost of library materials which have high mean score. This study concludes that the impacts of public library services on promoting literacy level are high as they have the tendency of improving the reading culture of users. The study went on to recommend that sufficient and relevant library materials which include electronic resources be made available for users of public libraries as this will go a long way to enhance each user's literacy level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collection development is a most important process of a library. This process increases the reading materials of the library for the satisfaction of the reader approach. Collection development policy acts as a guide for selecting library materials. It helps to maintain library cooperation and communication between library staff. This process increases the reading materials of the library for the satisfaction of the reader approach. Collection development policies are written statements of goals and evaluative parameters to guide decision-making when adding material to a library collection. A large number of e-resources collection has become a challenge to libraries as a lot of information is now available to the public without having to visit and use the traditional library. American Library Association states that the collection development policies document which defines the scope of a library's existing collections, plan for the continuing development of resources, identify collection strength and outline the relationship between selection philosophy and institutions goals, general selection criteria, and intellectual freedom. In electronic environment collection development policy select tools and processes, set the principles for the management of electronic resources, allocating the budget for buying of e-resources. Due to information technology, most of the libraries are involved in the sharing of the e-resources in many ways. The Collection development policy must indeed be clear whether the collection is in print or electronic form and also it should full fill the user's demand. This article tried to explore the different collection development policies for e-resources. The information provided in this article is based on secondary data. The information available in this article is a general kind of information and it is applicable in all kinds of libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

College libraries are integral part of higher education institutions and they play an important role in raising the standard of education. The study was conducted at Sri JCBM College, Sringeri to assess users’ awareness and utilization of library resources and services. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and personal visits to the said college library. Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data. Seventy structured questionnaires were distributed and 52 duly filled questionnaires were returned back, the response rate is 76.04%. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (16.0) and Excel. The study revealed that the majority (86%) of the users are visiting library daily. The study revealed that majority of the users have awareness on almost all the services provided by the library. The majority of the users always use internet browsing service (50%), Reference service (44.23%) and Book bank facility (40.38%) while they visit the library. The users were satisfied with various resources and services provided by the library. The study suggested to provide a separate digital library with the adequate number of computers with high speed internet connectivity, Wi-Fi, access to more number of e-resources including CDs/DVDs and online journals to the users in the library. The library needs to explore innovative methods by making use of technology in reaching out to users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facebook is now being used by library staff to publicise their services. This is due to the fact that Facebook is now part of our daily lives especially students and teaching staff users. This paper explores the views and reaction of library staff of Cape Coast Technical University towards Facebook as a tool; and explores the way library staff use Facebook to portray the duty of library experts and their services to users. The researcher emphasises on the traditional duties of library staff and discusses possibilities for performing this role through Facebook. Current research suggest that Facebook enable library staff to publicise their collections and services to the general public as well as introduce new collections and educate users on the libraries responsibilities and support towards users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: An information retrieval system is widely usedtolocate the information for academic, research and reference purposes by the internet users in a library or Information services department. Aims of Study: This study aims to analyze the search engine's behavior on a given query and results for scholarly information, followed by examining precision and recall. Design/Method: The present study was conducted in a controlled environment where three search engines were selected to examine its recall and precision against 50 queries with basic and advance searching queries. The queries were executed in all search engines. This quantitative study was used on the General, and Subject focus search engines. Finding(s): The finding of study shows that the precision and recall of FindLaw, was highly followed by Lycos with medium and Yandex the low. Further study can explorethe precision and recall of other searching engines with different subject. Research Limitation(s): The study highlights the retrieval effectiveness of three search engines in a specific subject. Originality/value: The research work is authentic and does not contain any plagiarized work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is describe how public libraries in Iranian cultural centers use of information technologies to developing its services. In this research paper, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data in 80 public libraries. Descriptive statistics method and Excel 2007 was used to analyzed data. In this study, libraries used of exit information technology in acceptable range but use of nonprinted resources such as electronic and digital are weakness and only 12.5 percent of libraries contain this material. Librarian's skills are suitable for used of IT in public and technical services but users need to necessary training for use of this facilities. The results of the present study show that information technologies facilities of all public libraries affiliated to the Art and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality are in desirable condition. Librarians and administrators also have full satisfaction of their libraries being equipped with new technologies. The interesting point in this context is to conform the nature and form of the provision of services in public libraries to the needs of users in different categories of sex, age and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at assessing the competencies and attitude in using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among librarians working in Govt. and Govt. Aided First Grade Colleges (Affiliated to University of Mysore) of Mysore region in Karnataka. The study emphasizing on exploring the competency level in using ICT based applications, library automation and digital library software, use of e-resources, difficulties faced among the responding librarians and also knowing attitude towards using ICT. The results of the study shows that majority of librarians have good competency level in using basic ICT & e-resources and also felt the need for further training in improving the use of ICT applications to render better library services to their users. Lack of sufficient budget for ICT implementation in the libraries is also a major concern in acquiring ICT skills among librarians. In spite of some difficulties, majority of respondents have shown positive attitude towards using ICT and its applications in library services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Public library plays a pivotal role in modern society. Public libraries, by providing free access to the resources, support all groups of users like students, teachers, researchers, physically challenged people, retired people, businessmen, homemakers, etc. The present study investigates the utilization and user satisfaction of public library resources and services at City Central Library, Shimoga, India. The study examines the various resources available and the services rendered by the City Central Library, Shimoga. Questionnaire-based survey was used to collect data for the present study, where 100 questionnaires representing 80% were received out of 125 questionnaires distributed. The data were analyzed and interpreted with the help of SPSS software (version 6.0) and MS-Excel. It was found that majority of the users (50% above) were satisfied with the resources, facilities and services provided by the library. It was discovered by the study that the library is extensively used by the users of all age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Social networking sites play a major role in promoting library services and products to its user community. In this Covid-19 Pandemic and lockdown period, physical communication was locked and online web communication technology proved a powerful tool to bridge the gap between the library and users. The users were unable to reach the libraries during this pandemic period. The librarians used social networking tools to provide information during this pandemic period. The libraries provided a variety of services to its user community. The purpose of this paper is to show how effectively the libraries used Social Networking Sites for marketing & promoting the library and information products & services to their users during this pandemic and lockdown period. A structured online questionnaire was used for data collection. The targeted population was academic librarians working in colleges in Goa, India. From the study, it was found that Social networking sites play a major role in marketing and promoting library and information products and services during this pandemic period. Maximum librarians are using the Library website, Facebook and WhatsApp tool for marketing and promoting the library services and products to reach their users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has been conducted for literature review on Impact of ICT on learning activities of users by Academic library services. The study focuses on the technology utilized in Academic libraries and impact on discovering how ICT keeps on advancing, and as it does it is turning out to be increasingly more incorporated with students and researcher learning. Brilliant machines and voice-controlled aides are only two instances of how technology is developing to make students' careers simpler. This study explains how technology changes the manner in which library services work and it additionally influences the way learning exercises of users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated relationships among librarians' knowledge of, attitude to and social media use for information dissemination in South-South Universities Nigeria. The study was necessitated by the under-utilization of information resources and services in university libraries, as a result of inadequate dissemination of information about the available resources and services to library users. The study adopted the correlational research design. The population of the study comprised all the 176 librarians working in all the 12 federal and state university libraries in South-South Nigeria. The entire population was used for the study because of its relatively small size. Three instruments were used in gathering data for the study: knowledge of social media use questionnaire (KSMUQ), attitude to social media use questionnaire (ASMUQ) and social media use for information dissemination questionnaire (SMUIDQ). The Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient was used to answer all the research questions and the t-test of significance was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. The result indicated that there was a significant relationship between librarians' knowledge of social media use and the use of social media for information in University libraries in South-South Nigeria. It also indicated that there was a significant relationship between librarians' attitude to social media use and the use of social media for information dissemination in university libraries in South-South Nigeria; it also showed that there was a significant relationship between librarians' knowledge of social media use and attitude to social media use. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made which include: the need to organize seminars, workshops, conferences and in-house training for librarians on the use of social media to boost their knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examined the services of public libraries in Nigeria, including the National Library of Nigeria with a view to ascertaining which services aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the African Union Agenda 2063 as well as knowing their level of awareness of the AFLIA Cape Town Declaration, 2015. A lot of training has been carried out for librarians by many international non-governmental organizations. However, the visibility of the development work of public libraries in Nigeria is still low. For instance, while many countries have uploaded stories on IFLA Library Map of the World (LMoW), there is no story from Nigeria, in spite of the fact that a lot is being done by the public libraries. The main aims of the study were to highlight how public library services are adapting to the global development agenda and to make the services more visible in the LMoW, African Library and Information Associations and Institutions database, the Nigerian Library Association website and other networks. The IFLA questionnaire on "Collecting Stories that Matter" was adapted. All the 37 public library headquarters and the National Library of Nigeria headquarters were investigated. Data collected revealed that the most addressed SDGs were Goals 4 and 8. It was also observed that many of the libraries were still providing traditional library services and that of the three development agenda investigated, the level of awareness of the SDGs was the highest (84.2%). At the end, recommendations were made on how public libraries could better align their services to meet community needs and facilitate attainment of the development agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was conducted to find out the realistic about the user's utilization and satisfaction level of Central library of Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences (SMIMS), Gangtok, Sikkim, India. The user's satisfaction of a library totally depends upon the utilization of library resources and services. Methodology: For the required queries a questionnaire was prepared for the present study and it was distributed among 120 SMIMS students randomly. Findings: The study exposed that students use the library for browsing e-resources and borrow books as per their need. From the students responses it was clear that users give preferences on accessing e-resources than printed material. Research Limitations: The present study is limited only for the students of the particular medical institution. The students were selected from different disciplines i.e. medical science, nursing and physiotherapy. Though faculties also use the library along with the students of this institution yet the research survey was limited for the students only. Practical Implications: Users were satisfied by using the library services like e-resources accessing, printing & photocopying service, DDS service, SMS alert service etc. Above these services the respondents recommended for digitization of the central library for the better utilization of library services as new information and communication technology are developing day by day so it should be implemented for best practices. Originality: This is the original study as it is absolutely based on primary data from student's survey. Some additional data are also collected personally from the library staff to know the better utilization of library services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of East Azerbaijan Public Libraries' services to the users with disabilities. The population of the study consisted of 80 managers and supervisors of public libraries in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. A researcher-made questionnaire, inspired by the American Library Association checklist and the library access checklist (by IFLA) has been used for data gathering. Findings revealed that most of the public libraries in East Azerbaijan province (56.9%) lack sufficient budget for serving the disabled. There is no established policy to provide services to the users with disabilities in libraries. Most of library buildings (51.6%) haven't favourable conditions for serving the disabled. Based on the managers' comments, most of the libraries lack the information resources and facilities for the disabled. Generally, the results of this research show that information services for the disables are poor in East Azerbaijan public libraries. It is important to provide special facilities such as free transportation for greater access to library resources and services and to design the map of the library building in Braille to use all parts of the library, and to employ specialized and trained staff to provide services to people with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of any library for adoption of barcode technology is to improve library operations reducing workplace injuries, and improving services for library users. This study therefore examines application of barcode technology in landmark university centre for learning resources, Omu-Aran Experience. The study identified four research objectives. The design used for this study was case study research method. The population for this study comprises of all the library personnel with status ranging from professional to non-professional. The total population of the library staff was twenty (20). The whole 20 staff were used. The questionnaire was tagged "Application and Use of Barcode in Center for Learning Resources," (AUB-CLR). AUB-CLR was divided into five section. The data collected through AUB-CLR Questionnaire was analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data for better clarification and detailed descriptions were given where necessary. The finding of the study reveals that one of the factor affecting the use of barcode technology in Center for Learning Resources are constant lookup of database which is always necessary due to the fact that barcode doesn't save data of the book nor the system status; the finding of the study also reveals that 100% of the respondents believe that they are using barcode technology in their library due to its accuracy, speed, efficiency, time saving, and quality of library service. The paper concludes with few recommendations that include the use of Smart Barcode labels with both accession and call numbers in Landmark University Center for Learning Resources. It also recommended that institution logo should be printed on it. The library can indicate ownership and possession of material that can help security officials identify material borrowed from the library and help them prevent loss especially when material is stolen, these labels provide crucial evidence of the Library ownership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores how are users satisfied with resources and services of the case of Webster University Ghana Campus Library. Topics include Libraries are believed to be one of the key departments which provides invaluable information resources and facilities to support teaching, learning and research activities in academic institutions; and academic libraries are paying much attention to satisfying users' information needs with quality resources and improved services.