1. A phase I/II randomized trial of clofarabine or fludarabine added to idarubicin and cytarabine for adults with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
- Author
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Short, Nicholas J, Kantarjian, Hagop, Ravandi, Farhad, Huang, Xuelin, Xiao, Lianchun, Garcia-Manero, Guillermo, Plunkett, William, Gandhi, Varsha, Sasaki, Koji, Pemmaraju, Naveen, Daver, Naval G, Borthakur, Gautam, Jain, Nitin, Konopleva, Marina, Estrov, Zeev, Kadia, Tapan M, Wierda, William G, DiNardo, Courtney D, Brandt, Mark, O’Brien, Susan M, Cortes, Jorge E, and Jabbour, Elias
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Rare Diseases ,Clinical Research ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Cancer ,Hematology ,Pediatric ,Pediatric Cancer ,Childhood Leukemia ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Adult ,Aged ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Bone Marrow ,Clofarabine ,Cytarabine ,Drug Resistance ,Neoplasm ,Humans ,Idarubicin ,Leukemia ,Myeloid ,Acute ,Middle Aged ,Neoplasm Recurrence ,Local ,Progression-Free Survival ,Remission Induction ,Survival Rate ,Treatment Outcome ,Vidarabine ,Young Adult ,Acute myeloid leukemia ,relapsed ,refractory ,purine nucleoside analogues ,clofarabine ,fludarabine ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Cardiovascular medicine and haematology - Abstract
The purine nucleoside analogues clofarabine and fludarabine are active in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We conducted a phase I/II randomized study of idarubicin and cytarabine with either clofarabine (CIA) or fludarabine (FIA) for relapsed or refractory AML. Clofarabine 15 mg/m2 was identified as the recommended phase II dose. Eighty-one patients were assigned using adaptive randomization to CIA (n = 48) or FIA (n = 33). The complete response (CR)/CR without platelet recovery rate did not differ between CIA and FIA (38% versus 30%, respectively; p = .50). In both arms, more than half of patients who had received only one prior line of therapy achieved remission. The median event-free survival for CIA and FIA was 2.0 and 1.9 months (p = .48), and the median overall survival was 6.3 and 4.7 months, respectively (p = .28). No significant differences in adverse events or early mortality rates were observed. Overall, CIA and FIA resulted in similar response rates and survival in patients with relapsed/refractory AML.
- Published
- 2018