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The article reports on the research conducted at the Institut für Technische Optik in Stuttgart, Germany which shows that tomographic imaging can reveal the refractive-index destribution of a photonic-crystal (PC) fiber. Researchers used a diffraction-tomography algorithm which is based on the Fourier-diffraction theorem where it allows refraction and small diffraction effects in reconstructing the profile for PC fibers. The details of the study are also presented.

The article reports on the development of the simple camera-and-software that is potentially usable on any large high-quality ground-based telescope by the researchers at the Max Plank Institute for Astronomy in Germany. The system was designed to reduce the cost of near-diffraction-limited astronomical telescopes. Also, the system employ a technique they call lucky imaging, in which useful images are snapped during the brief stretches of time when the image is least affected by turbulence.

The article reports on the image-processing technique for laser welding developed by researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques in Freiburg, Germany. The technique, as reported, can monitor the welds and adjust the incident laser power with a response time of 70 ms. The technique, as reported, has a cellular neural network camera, image processing, and a feedback loop that allows real-time imaging with frame rates of up to 14 kHz.