5 results on '"Cesarovic, N."'
Search Results
2. Injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine in adult female mice: importance of antagonization and perioperative care.
- Author
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Fleischmann T, Jirkof P, Henke J, Arras M, and Cesarovic N
- Subjects
- Analgesics adverse effects, Analgesics pharmacology, Anesthetics, Combined adverse effects, Animals, Body Temperature drug effects, Female, Fentanyl adverse effects, Fentanyl antagonists & inhibitors, Flumazenil pharmacology, Heart Rate drug effects, Imidazoles pharmacology, Injections, Intraperitoneal adverse effects, Medetomidine adverse effects, Medetomidine antagonists & inhibitors, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Midazolam adverse effects, Midazolam antagonists & inhibitors, Naloxone pharmacology, Narcotic Antagonists pharmacology, Neurotransmitter Agents pharmacology, Anesthetics, Combined pharmacology, Fentanyl pharmacology, Medetomidine pharmacology, Midazolam pharmacology, Perioperative Care
- Abstract
Injection anaesthesia is commonly used in laboratory mice; however, a disadvantage is that post-anaesthesia recovery phases are long. Here, we investigated the potential for shortening the recovery phase after injection anaesthesia with fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole. In order to monitor side-effects, the depth of anaesthesia, heart rate (HR), core body temperature (BT) and concentration of blood gases, as well as reflex responses, were assessed during a 50 min anaesthesia. Mice were allowed to recover from the anaesthesia in their home cages either with or without antagonization, while HR, core BT and spontaneous home cage behaviours were recorded for 24 h. Mice lost righting reflex at 330 ± 47 s after intraperitoneal injection of fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine. During anaesthesia, HR averaged 225 ± 23 beats/min, respiratory rate and core BT reached steady state at 131 ± 15 breaths/min and 34.3 ± 0.25℃, respectively. Positive pedal withdrawal reflex, movement triggered by tail pinch and by toe pinch, still occurred in 25%, 31.2% and 100% of animals, respectively. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed acidosis, hypoxia, hypercapnia and a marked increase in glucose concentration. After anaesthesia reversal by injection with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole, animals regained consciousness after 110 ± 18 s and swiftly returned to physiological baseline values, yet they displayed diminished levels of locomotion and disrupted circadian rhythm. Without antagonization, mice showed marked hypothermia (22 ± 1.9℃) and bradycardia (119 ± 69 beats/min) for several hours. Fentanyl-midazolam-medetomidine provided reliable anaesthesia in mice with reasonable intra-anaesthetic side-effects. Post-anaesthetic period and related adverse effects were both reduced substantially by antagonization with naloxone-flumazenil-atipamezole., (© The Author(s) 2016.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Assessment of postsurgical distress and pain in laboratory mice by nest complexity scoring.
- Author
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Jirkof P, Fleischmann T, Cesarovic N, Rettich A, Vogel J, and Arras M
- Subjects
- Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Housing, Animal, Male, Mice genetics, Mice, Inbred C57BL genetics, Mice, Inbred C57BL physiology, Mice, Inbred DBA genetics, Mice, Inbred DBA physiology, Sex Characteristics, Time Factors, Videotape Recording, Mice physiology, Nesting Behavior, Pain Measurement methods
- Abstract
Preliminary studies have suggested a correlation between postsurgical pain and nest building behaviour in laboratory mice. However, there is no standardized measure for estimating pain by means of nest building performance. Here, we investigated nest building under various conditions, and scored nest complexity to assess postsurgical pain. Mice of both sexes, different strains [C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, and B6D2-Tg(Pr-mSMalphaActin)V5rCLR-25], and kept under different housing conditions, showed no differences in their latency to use the offered nest material. Healthy female C57BL/6J mice were engaged 4.3% of the day with nest building and showed three peaks of this behaviour: in the beginning and middle of the light phase, and in the second half of the dark phase. For assessment of postsurgical pain, female C57BL/6J mice underwent a sham embryo transfer +/− different doses of the analgesic carprofen or control treatment. Nest complexity scoring at 9 h after the experimental treatments (i.e. at the end of the light phase) resulted in less than 10% of animals with noticeably manipulated nest material (nestlet) after surgery and more than 75% of healthy mice having built identifiable-to-complex nests or had noticeably manipulated nestlets, while animals after anaesthesia-only showed intermediate nest complexity. Carprofen analgesia resulted in no (5 mg/kg) or only slight (50 mg/kg) improvement of nest complexity after surgery. Thus, nest complexity scoring can be incorporated into daily laboratory routine and can be used in mice as a sensitive tool for detecting reduced wellbeing and general condition, but probably not for determining the efficacy of pain treatment.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Individual housing of female mice: influence on postsurgical behaviour and recovery.
- Author
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Jirkof P, Cesarovic N, Rettich A, Fleischmann T, and Arras M
- Subjects
- Administration, Inhalation, Anesthetics, Inhalation administration & dosage, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal administration & dosage, Carbazoles administration & dosage, Female, Injections, Subcutaneous veterinary, Laparotomy veterinary, Methyl Ethers administration & dosage, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pain, Postoperative drug therapy, Pain, Postoperative prevention & control, Sevoflurane, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Animal Welfare, Housing, Animal, Mice, Pain, Postoperative veterinary, Social Behavior
- Abstract
Individual housing of laboratory mice may increase vulnerability to surgical stress, and interfere with postsurgical recovery. To analyse the effect of housing conditions on recovery, pair- and single-housed female C57BL/6J mice underwent a minor laparotomy +/- analgesia, anaesthesia only or no treatment. Animals were monitored using non-invasive methods during the immediate postsurgical period to assess pain and general impairment. While no appearance or posture abnormalities were observed postexperiment, home cage behaviours were affected distinctly. Discriminant analysis identified self-grooming, locomotion, climbing and resting as mainly responsible for experimental group separation. Behavioural rhythmicity was disrupted, and behaviours related to wellbeing, such as nest building, climbing and burrowing, decreased. Behavioural pain signs (e.g. press) increased. Most behavioural alterations showed a gradation between treatments, e.g. burrowing latency ranged from an intermediate level following anaesthesia only and surgery with analgesia, to pronounced prolongation after surgery without analgesia. Significantly lower burrowing performance after surgery without analgesia in individually-housed animals indicates better recovery in pairs. Social interaction in pairs--an important component of normal behaviour (64%) and a potential indicator for direct social support--was nearly absent (0.3-0.5%). While anaesthesia and surgery resulted in clear changes in behaviour, differences between housing conditions were minor. Hence, despite a tendency towards better recovery in pairs, we found no distinct negative effect of individual housing. In conclusion, both housing conditions are acceptable during the period immediately following minor surgery, though social housing is always preferable in female mice.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Isoflurane and sevoflurane provide equally effective anaesthesia in laboratory mice.
- Author
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Cesarovic N, Nicholls F, Rettich A, Kronen P, Hässig M, Jirkof P, and Arras M
- Subjects
- Anesthesia Recovery Period, Anesthesia, Inhalation methods, Animals, Body Weight drug effects, Drinking drug effects, Eating drug effects, Female, Locomotion drug effects, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Pulmonary Alveoli drug effects, Pulmonary Alveoli metabolism, Respiration drug effects, Sevoflurane, Telemetry, Time Factors, Anesthesia, Inhalation veterinary, Anesthetics, Inhalation, Isoflurane, Laboratory Animal Science methods, Methyl Ethers
- Abstract
Isoflurane is currently the most common volatile anaesthetic used in laboratory mice, whereas in human medicine the more modern sevoflurane is often used for inhalation anaesthesia. This study aimed to characterize and compare the clinical properties of both anaesthetics for inhalation anaesthesia in mice. In an approach mirroring routine laboratory conditions (spontaneous breathing, gas supply via nose mask, preventing hypothermia by a warming mat) a 50 min anaesthesia was performed. Anaesthetics were administered in oxygen as carrier gas at standardized dosages of 1.5 minimum alveolar concentrations, which was 2.8% for isoflurane and 4.9% for sevoflurane. Both induction and recovery from anaesthesia proceeded quickly, within 1-2 min. During anaesthesia, all reflex testing was negative and no serious impairment of vital functions was found; all animals survived. The most prominent side-effect during anaesthesia was respiratory depression with hypercapnia, acidosis and a marked decrease in respiration rate. Under anaesthesia, heart rate and core body temperature remained within the normal range, but were significantly increased for 12 h after anaesthesia. Locomotor activity, daily food and water consumption and body weight progression showed no abnormalities after anaesthesia. No significant difference was found between the two anaesthetics. In conclusion, isoflurane and sevoflurane provided an equally reliable anaesthesia in laboratory mice.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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