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Though not as common as small rodents in laboratory settings, bats are being increasingly used in research studies. Knowledge of proper blood sampling techniques is essential for care and management of bats.

Surgical sterilization of ferrets is a relatively common surgical procedure. It is usually done as a method of contraception and to prevent diseases associated with the reproductive system. This column will describe the anatomy, principles, possible complications and outcomes of surgical ovariohysterectomy in ferrets.

Despite the abundance of fish as research models, diagnostic techniques for fish diseases are relatively scarce. With some accommodations for handling fish, the same diagnostic tools that are frequently used for other animals can be applied in fish. This column describes indications, preparation and techniques for contrast radiography in fish.

Anesthesia and analgesia should be provided to ferrets that are undergoing potentially painful surgical procedures. The epidural route of administration for anesthetic or analgesic drugs can be used. This column outlines the relevant ferret anatomy, indications and contraindications and technique of epidural administration of anesthesia and analgesia in ferrets.

This column describes how to stabilize pelvic limb fractures in small birds by applying a simple, inexpensive and beneficial tape splint.