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Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre el feminicidio, enfocando especialmente aspectos histórico-socioculturales y políticos, que desde varias teorías feministas han permitido fundamentar y construir dicho concepto; por lo que también se referencian algunas deliberaciones teóricas sobre las violencias contra las mujeres. Igualmente, se presenta una clasificación del feminicidio, las tipologías que se han manifestado en distintos contextos (principalmente Latinoamérica), y sus alcances a nivel mundial y nacional. Se aborda también una discusión sobre la importancia de incluir el femicidio-feminicidio en la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades/CIE-10 y algunos de sus determinantes sociales. Finalmente, se exponen políticas públicas nacionales que promueven la reducción de la magnitud del feminicidio; hecho que resulta significativo para evidenciar éste como un problema social y de Salud Pública en Colombia. This paper reflects on femicide, focusing especially on historical, cultural and political aspects, from various feminist theories that serve as foundation for the concept; some theoretical deliberations on violence against women are included. Likewise, it presents a classification of femicide, typologies of this crime which have appeared in different contexts (mainly Latin America), and their scope at the global and national levels. Similarly, the paper discusses the importance of including femicide in the International Classification of Diseases/ICD-10 and some of their determinants. Finally, it discusses national policies that promote the reduction of the magnitude of femicide to show the significance of highlighting this as a social and public health problem in Colombia.

Resumen: Se indaga sobre las nuevas perspectivas históricas que se oponen hoy a las tradicionales androcéntricas que instituyeron al varón adulto como sujeto privilegiado de la historia, partiendo de una exploración de las investigaciones presentadas, con ocasión del Bicentenario de la Independencia de Colombia, en la mesa “Familia, mujeres y sexualidades en la Nueva Granada y en Colombia” del XV Congreso de Historia. Se realiza un recorrido por la línea dedicada a las investigaciones sobre género, categoría planteada en términos relacionales, que ha posibilitado interpretaciones renovadoras de la construcción social y cultural de las diferencias entre las mujeres y los hombres en los análisis de los procesos históricos; se advierte de qué forma el uso de la categoría género ha contribuido a interrogar la dicotomía entre los ámbitos privados y los públicos, puesto que el matrimonio, la familia, el hogar, la intimidad, la sexualidad, se proyectan como asuntos de interés político. Se discute, en primer lugar, el trabajo sobre la fi gura histórica de Policarpa Solavarrieta y algunas de sus diversas representaciones, para luego resumir los estudios de documentación presentados por tres investigadoras, en relación con la Colonia en la Nueva Granada, en las provincias de Antioquia y Santa Fe y en la ciudad de Cali, a partir de los juicios criminales y los testamentos, sobre las formas de participación social y económica de las mujeres, el concubinato y el conyugicidio respectivamente. En relación con la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, se toman en cuenta dos investigaciones sobre las tensiones que se advierten en la producción de discursos legales, políticos, prescriptivos y literarios, a ropósito de la construcción y reconstrucción de las diferencias de género, durante la conformación del Estado Nacional. Se trata de dos ejercicios que muestran porciones del territorio: el Estado Soberano de Bolívar y la relación imaginada entre la ciudad Capital de la república con la “tierra caliente”. Finalmente, en lo tocante al siglo XX, se da cuenta de dos investigaciones sobre cómo afectan a las mujeres las migraciones en porciones del erritorio santandereano y caribeño; una tercera, plantea el tema de la fi gura de la estudiante universitaria y su activismo estudiantil, del que surge el feminismo autónomo en la década de los años setenta, centrándose en el escenario de la Universidad de Antioquia en la ciudad de Medellín. Palabras clave: género, historia de Colombia, mujeres,bicentenario, Colonia, siglo XIX, siglo XX. Women in Some Trends in Historical Research in Contemporary Colombia. On the Occasion of the Bicentennial Celebration Abstract: This paper looks into new perspectives in historical research opposed to androcentric traditions that place adult males as history’s privileged subject, exploring papers presented in the track on “Family, Women and Sexualities in Nueva Granada and Colombia” of the 15th Congress of History, on the Bicentennial of Colombian Independence. This track centered on gender, a category defi ned on relational terms, which has allowed for new interpretations of the social and cultural construction of the differences between men and women in historical processes, with attention to the contribution made by the use of the category in questioning the public/private dichotomy, since marriage, family home, intimacy and sexuality are projected as political issues. Research carried out about the representations of historical heroine Policarpa Solavarrieta is examined, and then three papers about women in colonial times in Nueva Granada, in the provinces of Antioquia, Santa Fe and the city of Cali, are summarized. With regard to the second half of the XIX Century, two research projects are presented about the tensions in the production of legal, political and literal discourse, especially looking to the construction of gender differences when the Colombian nation state was being formed. They deal with the Sovereign State of Bolivar and the imagined relation between the capital of the Republic with the “hot-weather lands.” Finally, in what pertains to the XX Century, two papers are reviewed dealing with how migrations in the Santander and Caribbean regions affected women; a third one deals with women university students and their activism, form which springs autonomous feminism in the 60s, specifi cally at the University of Antioquia in Medellín. Key Words: gender, Colombian history, women, bicentennial, Colonial times, XIX Century, XX Century

Resumen: El presente trabajo plantea un análisis antropológico sobre conflictos entre grupos indígenas en Bolivia y nuevos poderes políticos de mujeres indígenas. Este análisis pretende investigar por qué las elecciones presidenciales de 2005 y 2009 un grupo mayoritario de Tacanas se posicionaron en contra de Evo Morales aun cuando su partido mantiene una política pro-indígena. Los conflictos violentos en Bolivia tienen su origen en fricciones entre las regiones de las tierras bajas y tierras altas, y típicamente son representados en la prensa y academia como conflictos de la oligarquía blanco/mestizo junto con la clase media reciente (post 1930s) contra los grupos indígenas. Sin embargo, la tensión existente entre grupos indígenas es generalmente obviada, debido a que la imagen del “indio” fue homogenizada a una sola figura basada en la relación de explotación proveniente del Estado mestizo hacia el Indio. Enfocando en mujeres Tacana de la Amazonia de Bolivia y los conflictos cotidianos entre ellas y los colonos Aymara/Quechua a su territorio, este trabajo hace tangible la naturaleza de los temas claves que están en base de estos conflictos históricos. Palabras clave: cultura, indígenas, etnia, raza, tacana, Amazonía, Estado boliviano. “Evo Is Merely Another Colonial”: Inter-ethnical Conflicts and New Political Powers of Indigenous Women in Bolivia Abstract: The present paper focuses on an anthropological analysis of tensions between indigenous groups in Bolivia, by asking the question of why it is that in the 2005 and 2009 presidential elections many Tacana, native to Amazonia Bolivia, voted against and generally opposed Evo Morales’ candidacy and his pro-indigenous politic. Violent conflicts in Bolivia, which find their root in strong highland-lowland regionalism, are typically portrayed in the media and academia as one between the white/criollo oligarchies along with the more recent (post 1930s) mestizo middle-class against indigenous groups. The fact that there are strong conflictive sentiments between indigenous groups in Bolivia has largely been overlooked precisely because the image of the Bolivian “indian” has been distilled into a single generic figure which by definition stands in an exploited relation to the mestizo state. By focussing on Amazonian Tacana women and especially in their position of leaders, this paper makes tangible the nature of the conflicts as brought forth in everyday situations of Tacana women and highland Aymara/Quechua migrants into their territory. Key Words: identity, ethnicity, race, Tacana, colonos, regionalism, Amazonia, land rights, Bolivian state

Resumen: Este trabajo plantea los principales lineamientos que el grupo “Estudios étnico-raciales y del trabajo y de sus diferentes componentes” ha tenido para trabajar con la categoría de género a través de las investigaciones empíricas que ha realizado en la última década. Urrea muestra la orientación que se dio a los primeros trabajos sobre género, basados en la distinción entre sexo y género. Posteriormente se acentúan los trabajos sobre sexualidad, con énfasis en la intersección entre- género, clase, raza y etnicidad, incluyendo las investigaciones sobre masculinidades. Se ha trabajado también sobre las feminidades en interacción con el color de piel, la condición étnica, la clase social y la generación, incluyendo el caso de las transgeneristas. Estos trabajos conducen a la creación, en 1998, de la línea de investigación en Sexualidad, Género, Clase Social y Raza. Finalmente, el artículo resume las publicaciones más recientes, y otras que el Grupo tiene en preparación, como resultado de sus investigaciones. Palabras clave: género, investigación, clase, etnia, raza, sexualidades Reflections on the Experience of the Research Group “Ethnic and Racial Studies and Studies on Work and Its Several Components” in the Field of Gender Studies and Sexuality Abstract: This paper traces the major lines of research for the Group “Ehnic and Racial Studies, Studies of Labor and its Different Components” in its work with the category of gender through empirical research carried out in the last decade. Urrea shows the orientation given to the early work on gender, based on the sex-gender distinction. Later the work on sexuality is emphasized, with emphasis on the intersection among gender, class, race and ethnicity, including research on masculinities. There has also been research on femininities in the intersection with skin color, ethnicity, social class and generation, including work on transgender. These efforts lead to the creation onm 1998 of the research line on Gender, Sexuality, Social Class and Race. Finally, the paper summarizes the Group’s most recent publications, as well as those it currently is preparing. Key words: gender, research, class, ethnicity, race, sexualities

Resumen: Este trabajo recoge la charla de María Luisa Femenías, transcrita y re-elaborada por la autora, presentada por videoconferencia el 22 de marzo de 2011, en un evento pensado como preparación para la cohorte en Estudios de Género del Doctorado de Humanidades de la Universidad del Valle. Femenías inicia su charla postulando tres niveles de feminismos, (a) un nivel teórico , (b) un feminismo militante y, por último, (c) el feminismo espontáneo del movimiento de mujeres. En el nivel teórico, la autora reconoce la necesidad de situar nuestros propios saberes y poder dinamizar las categorías que nos llegan de afuera, en función de nuestros propios problemas y experiencias, nuestras situaciones particulares históricosociales y geográficas. La autora reconoce que la historia de nuestros movimientos muestra, no calcos de lo ajeno, sino respuestas a acontecimientos locales “previos”, que han dado lugar a movimientos de mujeres autónomos. En ese sentido, Femenías sostiene que el pensamiento feminista latinoamericano es original y es originario en la medida en que parte de su propia situación y localización, y tiene características propias como la pluralidad étnicocultural, lo cual hace aún más imperativo que se tome en cuenta la intersección género, clase y etnia. La autora retoma el concepto de subalternidad, pues las mujeres constituimos una “minoría”, no numéricamente, sino en relación con nuestro escaso usufructo de los espacios de poder. Se examinan los modos en los cuales el problema de la violencia doméstica se estructura como un eje que invisibiliza otras violencias, como por ejemplo la violencia de la exclusión por naturalización que sostiene la división sexual del trabajo y de los espacios asociados. Finalmente, se admite que la mayoría de nuestras luchas han sido por la legalización de los derechos de las mujeres, lo cual nos vincula con el feminismo denominado “de la igualdad”, pero que este reclamo ha insuficiente , lo cual, de un modo o de otro, ha conducido a la revisión situada de esos conceptos, en relación con lo que se ha llamado la “cultura femenina” que remite a la preocupación “en red” de que todos y todas puedan vivir una vida que merezca ser vivida. Palabras clave: feminismos, pensamiento feminista latinoamericano, subalternidad, género, clase, etnia Latin American Feminisms: An Overview Abstract: This paper corresponds to a talk given by María Luisa Femenías, transcribed and reworked by the author, which was a videoconference given on March 22, 2011, in an event preparing for the Doctorate of Humanities, emphasis on Gender Studies. Femenías postulates three levels of feminism, (a) a theoretical level, (b) feminist militancy, and (c) spontaneous women’s movements. On the theoretical level, the author recognizes the need to place our knowledge and retool foreign categories with regard to our own problems and experiences, our historical and social situations and geography. The author recognizes that the history of our movements has mostly responded to local events, giving rise to autonomous women’s movements. In this sense Latin American feminist thought is original, for it obeys our own characteristics, such as our ethnic and cultural plurality, which makes it imperative to take into account the intersections among gender, class and ethnicity. Femenías invokes the concept of subalternity, for women constitute a minority, not numerically, but in the sense of our low levels of access to power. The paper alludes to ways in which domestic violence becomes a screen making other forms of violence invisible, among them the sexual division of labor and its associated spaces. Finally, it is admitted that most of our struggles have been for legalization of women’s rights, which ties us to “equality feminism”, but this has been insufficient, which has led to the revision of concepts in relation to what has been called “feminine culture”, related in turn to the purpose of making it possible for everyone to lead a life worth living. Key Words: feminisms, Latina American feminist thought, subalternity, gender, class, ethnicity

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Copyright of La Manzana de la discordia is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)