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In this paper, we propose a state transition model using context based approach for gesture analysis. This method defines the analysis situation as five different states; NULL, OBJECT, POSTURE, LOCAL, and GLOBAL. We first infer the situation of the system by estimating the transition of the state model, and then apply different analysis algorithms according to the system state. Gestures are analyzed with the queue-based matching method which is newly proposed in the paper instead of general gesture spotting algorithms. In the algorithm, movement of feature points; face and both hands, is compared directly, so gesture can be recognized quickly without applying any constraints for real world application. The transition of the states can be interpreted as the context of motion and that is estimated with conditional probability between the states in the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with experience management in computer-mediated environments. It particularly focuses on complex tasks whose support relies more on experience than on knowledge. The presented approach is based on the "use traces" concept to investigate the "activity reflexivity" as a first step in experience management, and experience sharing and reusing as possible applications. The paper also outlines the framework supporting Trace-Based Systems creation. Traces, trace models and trace life cycle are formally defined. The main parts of the framework architecture: collecting, transformation, visualization, and query systems are also detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Camera Calibration (CC) is required in many Photogrammetry and Computer-Vision applications, where 3D information is extracted from images and CC is also employed for pose determination of imaging sensors. In this paper, a novel implicit-CC model (ICC) based on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System has been introduced. The ICC is particularly useful for back-projection in the applications that do not require internal and external camera calibration parameters in addition to the expert knowledge. The ICC supports multi-view back-projection in intelligent-photogrammetry. In this paper, the back-projection performance of the ICC has been compared with the Modified Direct-Linear-Transformation (MDLT) on real-images in order to evaluate the success of the proposed ICC. Extensive simulation results show that the ICC achieves a better performance than the MDLT in the 3D reconstruction of scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clustering is one branch of unsupervised machine learning theory, which has a wide variety of applications in pattern recognition, image processing, economics, document categorization, web mining, etc. Today, we constantly face how to handle a large number of similar data items, which drives many researchers to contribute themselves to this field. Support vector machine provides a new pathway for clustering, however, it behaves bad in handling massive data. As an emergent theory, artificial immune system can effectively recognize antigens and produce the memory antibodies. This mechanism is constantly used to achieve representative or feature data from raw data. A combinational clustering method is proposed in this paper based on artificial immune system and support vector machine. Experimentation in functionality and performance is done in detail. Finally a more challenging application in elevator industry is conducted. The results strongly indicate that this combinational clustering in this paper is of feasibility and of practice. Indexed Terms: Data clustering, combinational clustering, artificial immune system, support vector machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we address the multi-product, multi-period, multi-mode distribution planning problem. The objective of this paper is to present a real distribution planning problem in which rail/road transportation is integrated within a whole focus on supply chain management. However, in real world problems, practical situations are often not well-defined and thus can not be described precisely. Therefore fuzzy mathematical programming becomes a valuable extension of traditional crisp optimization models. This paper also illustrates how a fuzzy linear programming approach be used to model and solve the multi-mode transportation problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a system to navigate a user to appropriate services that help the user to perform real world activities. User activities are modeled as task of solving problems met in the real world. Tasks are decomposed into a set of more concrete tasks, and are finally associated with appropriate services. User tasks are categorized according to the role of the user performing the tasks. A model of changes in appropriate tasks to match changes in the user's role is also proposed. Based on this role-task model, we propose an advanced service navigation system that recommends tasks relevant to the current role of the user in addition to the user's current location. This paper also describes an implemented service navigation prototype that can automatically detect changes in user role by using contactless IC card readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses efficient processing of time-series subsequence matching under time warping. Time warping enables finding sequences with similar patterns even when they are of different lengths. The prefix-querying method is the first index-based approach that performs time-series subsequence matching under time warping without false dismissals. This method originally employs the L∞ distance metric as a base distance function. This paper extends the prefix-querying method for absorbing L1 instead of L∞. We formally prove that the extended prefix-querying method does not incur any false dismissals. The performance results reveal that our method achieves significant performance improvement over the previous methods up to 10.7 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communication between human and robot is necessary for an intelligent robot to be active in daily life. Conversation is the basis of communication. Most of the instructions given to a robot are related to some actions. This paper reports the method to generate the action of the humanoid robot by conversation. For this purpose, comprehension of action instruction written by natural language is necessary. The system to understand natural language for generating action is proposed. This system consists of a semantic understanding method to arrange input information, the knowledge base of vocabulary related to actions, the knowledge base of the parameter for robots to act, and association mechanism to handle a word, which is not known. The system is capable of understanding many input sentences by the association mechanism using Concept-Base and a degree of association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of service robots and with the emerging concept of the ubiquitous world, localization of a mobile robot has become a popular issue. Even though several localization schemes have been previously, none of them is free from the economical constraints placed on commercial robots. To implement a real time commercial localization system, a new absolute position estimation method for a mobile robot in indoor environment is proposed in this paper. Design and implementation of the localization system comes from the usage of active beacon systems each of which is composed of an RFID receiver and an ultra-sonic transmitter. The RFID receiver gets the synchronization signal from the mobile robot and the ultra-sonic transmitter sends out a short-term signal to be used for measuring the distance from the beacon to the mobile robot. The position of a mobile robot in a three dimensional space can be calculated basically from the distance information from three beacons which have their own absolute position information. One of the interesting problems comes from the static localization scheme. That is, the collision avoidance of surrounding objects can be planned and controlled efficiently if the velocity of the moving object can be estimated. The main contribution of this paper is developing a dynamic localization scheme to be used for the moving objects, which is a new application in the field of active beacon sensors. In the dynamic localization scheme, sensor fusion techniques and extended Kalman filter have been used to improve the estimation accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web-based instruction has a lot of potential power in constructivism learning theory, and multimedia-based learning is able to provide natural learning environments. However, existing e-learning platforms have a limitation to provide multimedia learning objects on the web because of network traffic problems, which make it difficult to use a large amount of multimedia learning objects or a synchronous video streaming in e-learning. In this paper, we propose an adaptive QoS architecture to use the large amount of multimedia and realtime multimedia pedagogically for e-learning. First, we introduce the pedagogical issues and adaptive issues. And then we describe the adaptive strategies and architecture to support adaptive QoS. The purpose of this paper is to contribute towards understanding how to support adaptive QoS for service-oriented learning environments of e-learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a novel search algorithm named adaptive tabu search (ATS). The algorithm has been applied to enhance the learning process of neural networks. The paper presents a new neuro-tabu-fuzzy (NTF) control structure to demonstrate the capability of the ATS algorithm. The algorithm is general and can be applied to various problems including machine learning, optimization, etc. Our proposed algorithm and controller nicely stabilize the single- and double-inverted pendulum systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A desktop PC and wire communications net-based traditional studies on pattern recognition and multimodal interaction have some restrictions (e.g. limitation of motion, conditionality in space and so on) and general problems according to using of the vision technologies for recognition and representation of the haptic-gesture information. In this paper, we propose and implement Multi-Modal Recognition Interface (hereinafter, MMRI) integrating speech using Voice-XML and gesture based on wireless networks, it have purposes that recognizes and represents the Korean Standard Sign Language (hereinafter, KSSL) which is a dialog system and interactive elements in the Korean deaf communities, and the need to dialogue with deaf person in their own language, sign language, is well recognized and is widely accepted as being a positive influence on communication. The advantages of our approach are as follows: 1) it improves efficiency of the MMRI input module according to the technology of wireless communication, 2) it shows higher recognition performance than uni-modal recognition system 3) it recognizes and represents continuous sign language of users with flexibility in real time and offer to user a wider range of personalized and differentiated information using the MMRI more effectively. Experimental results, the MMRI deduces an average recognition rate of 96.23% for significant, dynamic and continuous the KSSL and speech of various users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper suggests a user-centric browsing approach for large amounts of multimedia information in small mobile devices. The proposed approach allows users to be able to easily access the target information by interactively rearranging large amounts of information according to two user-centric sorting criteria, while overcoming the problems of the display size and the information overlapping. In this paper, a service migration concept is also proposed to support the task mobility which allows for the transfer of a started visualization task between different devices. In order to show the usefulness of this browsing approach, we apply the proposed browser to visualization of the query results in the heterogeneous multimedia retrieval system for the ubiquitous environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difficulties of eye location are mainly caused by the variations of intrinsic eye pattern characteristics from people to people, scale, pose, glasses frame, illumination, etc. To prevail from these problems, this paper addresses a novel and precise robust eye location method. It employs appearance based Bayesian framework to relive the effect of uneven illumination. The appearance of eye patterns is represented by 2D Haar wavelet. It also employs a sophisticated merging and arbitration strategy in order to manage the variations in geometrical characteristics of ambient eye regions due to glasses frames, eye brows, and so on. The located eye candidates are merged or eliminated according to the merging rule. If the merged regions are more than one, we apply the arbitration strategy. The arbitration strategy is based on a minimizing energy function by probabilistic forces and image forces that pull it toward eyes. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve superior performance using various data sets to previously proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a domain-independent approach for partitioning text documents into a set of topic-coherent segment units, where the structure of segments reflects the patterns of sub-topics of the processed text document. The approach adopts similarity analyses, which is based on Shannon Information Theory, to determine topic distribution among text documents without incorporating thesaurus information and other auxiliary knowledge bases. It first observes the documents in terms of consistency of distribution from the viewpoint of individual word and then constructs a number of segmentation proposals accordingly. Furthermore, it employs the K-means clustering technique to get a consensus from these proposals and finally partition text into a set of topic coherent paragraphs. Through extensive experimental studies based on real and synthetic data sources, the performance analysis illustrates the effectiveness of the approach in text segmentation. Keywords: Text segmentation, Shannon Information Theory, K-means. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes calculation method of a degree of association between words. Moreover, ‘Two words Association Mechanism' is constructed and evaluated as the application. Using Concept-base constructed from electronic dictionary and newspaper mechanically, this paper proposes an achievement method for association mechanism of concepts to accomplish key role by conversational processing of computer. In the calculation method of degree of association which is the kernel of association mechanism, the attributes which is characterized concepts is dynamically changed; the common feature of the concept is emphasized, and evaluated. As a result, calculation method of degree of association close to human beings sense is obtained. Moreover, as a sample of association mechanism, using ‘Two words Association Mechanism', the effectiveness of the proposal method was verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a dissertation about how an artificial intelligence technique can be applied to wireless sensor networks. Due to the constraints on data processing and power consumption, the use of artificial intelligence has been historically discarded in these kind of networks. However, in some special scenarios the features of neural networks are appropriate to develop complex tasks such as path discovery. In this paper, we explore the performance of two very well known routing paradigms, directed diffusion and Energy-Aware Routing, and our routing algorithm, named SIR, which has the novelty of being based on the introduction of neural networks in every sensor node. Extensive simulations over our wireless sensor network simulator, OLIMPO, have been carried out to study the efficiency of the introduction of neural networks. A comparison of the results obtained with every routing protocol is analyzed. Keywords: Wireless sensor networks (WSN); Ad hoc networks, Quality of service (QoS); Artificial neural networks (ANN); Routing; Self- Organizing Map (SOM), ubiquitous computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase of data communication service by mobile devices, WAP is a protocol proposed to efficiently access the internet contents by user request through wireless condition that has a high error rate and mobility. In this paper, it has analyzed transmission time for wireless application protocol (WAP) in wireless CDMA network. In order for segmentation and reassembly (SAR) to improve the transfer capability, the transmission of messages have been simulated using a fragmentation that begins with the total package and incremental fragmentation for each layer using the wireless transaction protocol (WTP) to define the resultant packet size and the level of fragmentation for each proceeding layer. SAR decreases transmission time of radio link protocol (RLP) baseband packets by sending packets. From the results, it was able to obtain packet transmission time and optimal WTP packet size in wireless network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach to reengineering knowledge-based systems. Commonly, reengineering is used to modify systems that have functioned for many years, but are no longer able to accomplish the tasks required, and therefore need to be updated. Reengineering can also be used to modify and extend the knowledge contained in these systems. This is an intricate task if the systems are large, complex and poorly documented. The rules in the knowledge base must be gathered, analyzed and understood. In this paper, we apply reengineering to the knowledge and the functionality of knowledge-based systems. The outcome of the reengineering process is presented in graphic representations using Unified Modeling Language diagrams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the problem of exploring unknown environment with an intelligent virtual agent. Traditionally research efforts to address the exploration and mapping problem have focused on the graph-based space representations and the graph search algorithms. In this paper, we propose DFS-RTA* and DFS-PHA*, two real-time graph search algorithms for exploring and mapping an unknown environment. Both algorithms are based upon the simple depth-first search strategy. However, they adopt different real-time shortest path-finding methods for fast backtracking to the last unexhausted node. Through some experiments with a virtual agent deploying in a 3D interactive computer game environment, we confirm the completeness and efficiency of two algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with multi-agent systems coordinated via teamwork in large-scale networks. A formal model based on the Fragmented Mobile Agent Network is proposed. An agent team is described as a knowledge-based system that includes subteams consisting of coordination agents and mobile subteam members organised according to a predefined subteam coordination plan. A case study considering a scenario in which multi-operation teamwork agents upgrade software employed in a Grid network was conducted. A performance analysis based on simulations of networks with different fragment sizes and subteam coordination plans is presented. Keywords: mobile agents, teamwork, coordination, large-scale network, Grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Association rules have exhibited an excellent ability to identify interesting association relationships among a set of binary variables describing huge amount of transactions. Although the rules can be relatively easily generalized to other variable types, the generalization can result in a computationally expensive algorithm generating a prohibitive number of redundant rules of little significance. This danger especially applies to quantitative and ordinal variables. This paper presents and verifies an alternative approach to the quantitative and ordinal association rule mining. In this approach, quantitative or ordinal variables are not immediately transformed into a set of binary variables. Instead, it applies simple arithmetic operations in order to construct the cedents and searches for areas of increased association which are finally decomposed into conjunctions of literals. This scenario outputs rules that do not syntactically differentiate from classical association rules. Keywords: association rules, quantitative attributes, ordinal attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a turbojet engine controller for unmanned aircraft using Fuzzy-PI(Proportional Integral) algorithm. To prevent surge or flame out which could occur during engine acceleration or deceleration operation, the PI type fuzzy system controls the fuel flow input value. The fuzzy logic with logarithm function is designed to obtain the fast acceleration and deceleration of the engine under the condition that the operating point should stay between the surge and flame out control lines during the transient. This paper presents a fuzzy inference rule made by the logarithm function can improve the characteristics of tracking error in steady state. The proposed control scheme is proved by computer simulation using a linear engine model. Simulation results on the state space model of a turbo jet engine illustrate that the proposed controller achieves the desired performance. Keywords: fuzzy control, logarithm function, turbojet engine, unmanned aircraft, fuel flow control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed processing capabilities of robotic-applications using state-of-the-art component-based middleware and mobile-agent software technologies are continuously helping to develop more powerful intelligent robots. These application development frameworks provide several attractive conceptual solutions for network-based operations, however, these benefits cannot be realized unless the appropriate security mechanisms are in place. In this paper, this important issue is addressed in a systematic way: firstly, by analyzing the key limitations of traditional security models, the new security requirements for agent-based networked robots are pointed out and secondly, an effective defense mechanism is devised by constructing a knowledge-based security-aware robot control model. The main contributions of this work are, to address the security problem in a knowledge-based approach and to show the roles and mechanisms of the proposed security architecture. The feasibility of our approach is examined through a case study on development of robot security-sense using Linux-based reliable security-tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the spread of the so-called always-online environment that allows consumers to be online anytime, anyplace, the next step will be the integration of online and offline markets. Competition will be consequently further intensified and there is a probability that in the process the role of offline retailers will shift from that of a traditional retailer to a displayer role. When this occurs, appropriate technological devices and business models should be explored so that both displayers and retailers can benefit. To this end, this paper proposes an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology-based pervasive comparison shopping business model. RFID will allow consumers to be seamlessly connected to the network, and the advent of a new shopping network will enable a smoothly functioning incentive mechanism between displayers and retailers. Ultimately, a new shopping network will enable consumers to be engaged in seamless commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to provide a framework for ensuring security in ubiquitous computing environment based on security engineering approach. Security engineering is about building systems to remain dependable in the face of malice, error or mischance. In order to do this, we propose a framework which includes the concept of security state and security flow. The combinations of security state and security flow represent a unique viewpoint and a particular pattern for consideration of security services. We can analyze and identify security issues and threats from these combinations and patterns and provide suitable security services for concerns. For this purpose, we have applied our approach to RFID service network, which is one of the representative examples that are to practically realize ubiquitous computing environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As ‘Ubiquitous Technology' is rapidly growing in recent days, offline and on-line are being integrated into a single space, creating a totally new concept of space and more business opportunities utilizing it. Yet, ubiquitous technology has rarely been conceptualized, with only superficial studies about it conducted. In this paper, we addressed the problem, derived business factors to be applied to actual business, based on characteristics of technologies and application systems currently developed, and gained specific business factors through it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of matching data has as one of its major bottlenecks the rapid deterioration in performance of time and accuracy, as the amount of data to be processed increases. One reason for this deterioration in performance is the cost incurred by data matching systems when comparing data records to determine their similarity (or dissimilarity). Approaches such as blocking and concatenation of data attributes have been used to minimize the comparison cost. In this paper, we analyse and present Keyword and Digram clustering as alternatives for enhancing the performance of data matching systems. We compare the performance of these clustering techniques in terms of potential savings in performing comparisons and their accuracy in correctly clustering similar data. Our results on a sampled London Stock Exchange listed companies database show that using the clustering techniques can lead to improved accuracy as well as time savings in data matching systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes an evaluation of a neural network technique for modelling fuel spray penetration in the cylinder of a diesel internal combustion engine. The model was implemented using a multi-layer perceptron neural network. Two engine operating parameters were used as inputs to the model, namely injection pressure and in-cylinder pressure. Spray penetration length were modelled on the basis of these two inputs. The model was validated using test data that had not been used during training, and it was shown that semi-automated classification of complex diesel spray data is possible. The work lays the foundations for the establishment of an improved neural network paradigm for totally automatic, fast, accurate analysis of such complex data, thus saving many man-hours of tedious manual data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edutainment is a type of learning which derives interest within the flow and interaction of learners by adding elements of interest to learning activities and the related contents. This paper introduces the edutainment being applied in current u-learning environment and presents the framework named Unified Framework which is used to apply the future direction of the application of ubiquitous technologies. The main characteristic of the Unified Framework is to bolster basic e-learning systems with game theory in ubiquitous computing environments. It can develop four types of applications including m-learning, r-learning, v-learning and c-learning. The basic idea is to exploit the desire, one of the underlying properties of human beings, to be able to learn while playing. Moreover, there is a great expectation to be able to learn in an interesting way in the ubiquitous environment that places human beings at its center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dissemination techniques of data have been rapidly developed for wireless communication environment. Since the advent of ubiquitous computing, semantic-based researches have been sped-up between service provider and user. We have tried to maintain user information with a semantic cache scheme. In this paper, we propose a semantic prefetching (SP) strategy for efficient data management, considering semantic information of user. We concentrate on data prefetching methods to send mass data to high bandwidth channels. In the SP, the prepared semantic descriptions are prefetched from server to client according as the client locates in anywhere. The semantic descriptions are dynamically composed of user patterns, such as the request patterns of user, the size of querying area, the direction of user and the average speed of user. We also propose a new cache management scheme, called to semantic least recently used (S-LRU). The evaluation result shows that the system performance is significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mobile computing, a huge number of users expect various data services based on their location. Wireless data broadcast is suitable for meeting requests from lots of users owing to its scalability. Air indexing techniques have been developed for energy efficient query processing of mobile clients in the wireless data broadcast. Especially for spatial queries related to the user's location, the index based on Hilbert Curve is proposed. However, the index makes clients listen to a lot of data objects in order to process range queries. In this paper, we describe indexing technique for spatial range queries. And we propose the distributed air index based on space partition. For the performance evaluation, it is implemented using a discrete event-driven simulation package, SimJava. A Simulation is conducted with the real dataset that contains 5922 cities of Greece. The results show that the proposed index outperforms the index based on the Hilbert Curve in the energy efficiency and query processing time significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, in order to reduce the explosive increase of the search space as the input dimension grows, we present a new representation method for the structure of fuzzy rules, a graph structured fuzzy system. The graph structured fuzzy system can flexibly cope with the increase of the input space by selecting these fuzzy rules that significantly affects the input space among the whole set of fuzzy rules. To obtain the optimal structure and parameters of fuzzy systems, an approach to the automatic design of fuzzy systems based on L-systems is also proposed. The proposed method can efficiently construct fuzzy rules without any need for user interaction by using the rewriting mechanism of L-systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzzy reasoning, case-based reasoning (CBR) and experience-based reasoning (EBR) or natural reasoning have been seriously studied for years. However, these studies essentially can be considered as a 1-dimensional approach, because their reasoning paradigm is 1-dimensional. This paper will propose a 2-dimensional (2D) approach that represents fuzzy reasoning, CBR, and EBR in a unified way. This approach also integrates many reasoning paradigms such as abduction, deduction and similarity-based reasoning into a unified treatment. The proposed approach will facilitate research and development of fuzzy reasoning, knowledge/ experience management, knowledge-based systems, and CBR. Keywords: Fuzzy reasoning, case-based reasoning, experience-based reasoning, abduction, 2-dimensional (2D) representation, experience management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selfishness of people sometime degrades the performance of systems in which resources are shared among people. One of the typical examples is a door-to-door transport system. The door-to-door transport system adopts a flexible style of transportation, different from traditional transport systems such as buses and taxis. In the system, several customers ride one transport vehicle all together, and the share-ride transport vehicle visits from door to door. The selfishness of customers may cause the delay of arrivals and the decrease of benefits. However, it is difficult to control the selfishness of people because of their inherent competitive behaviors. Therefore, in this paper we analyze the selfish decision-making processes in the door-to-door transport system on the basis of game theory. The profit relation among people reaches an equilibrium called Nash Equilibrium. However, the equilibrium relation is not optimal for the system in many cases. Therefore, we also show that the degradation of the system resulted from the selfish behaviors can be avoided by changing parameters of the system such as the number of vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of how to provide location-based service (LBS) is attracted many researchers. In this paper, we focus on an useful searching type in LBS, forecasting search, which provides search result for a future time based on the current information of moving objects. To deal with such kind of searches, a PV-graph is proposed for analyzing the possible situations of the moving objects. By using PV-graph, forecasting queries in LBS applications can be responded efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans manipulate smooth communications by retrieving, understanding and judging the sensuous characteristics from conversations consciously or unconsciously. This paper presents sensuous association methods to judge noun association from combinations of nouns (or adjectives) and adjectives/adjectival equivalents expressing senses as a means of achieving sense judgment similar to the common-sense judgment made by humans. The propose method is based on a mechanism that makes it possible to associate various concepts from a given concept. The precision rate and recall rate for nouns associated from combinations of nouns (or adjectives) and adjectives/adjectival equivalents were approximately 96.3% and 63.6% in reference to human judgment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a robust controller with visual feedback for tracking control of robot manipulators in the presence of bounded parametric uncertainties. The proposed control input consists of a nonlinear term to achieve robustness to the parametric uncertainty and feedback terms including the image feature and the joint velocity to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system. The globally uniformly ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is shown by Lyapunov method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by simulation and experiment results on the 5-link robot manipulators with two degree of freedom. Keywords: robust control, image-based control, image Jacobian, robot manipulator, visual feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ontology mapping plays a key role in information integration systems. This paper discusses the patterns of complex ontology mapping. It proposes the definition and properties of ontology mappings, and discusses the procedure and algorithm of ontology fusion with complex ontology mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manipulation of Male sexual dysfunction (or Impotence) that concerns 10% of the male population requires expertise and great experience. Different diagnostic approaches according to medical as well as to psychosocial and cultural characteristics of patients are usually followed. In this paper, a GA (genetic algorithm) driven intelligent system (GADIS) for diagnosis of male impotence is presented. The rule-base of GADIS has been constructed by using a genetic algorithm for rule extraction from a patients database. Experimental results show a very good diagnostic performance in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the intelligent system. The rule-base can be refined each time the patient database is updated over a limit. Keywords: GA driven intelligent system, intelligent medical diagnosis system, hybrid intelligent system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is the aim of every country to have a good and strong defence system for the protection of its people and its assets. In this paper we have shown the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA'S) for optimizing the expected survival value of an asset subjected to air attacks. We have developed a mathematical model of the problem subjected to relevant constraints. We have solved this problem with the help of Binary Coded Genetic Algorithm or Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA). For RCGA we have developed a new crossover operator called the Quadratic Crossover Operator (QCX), which is multi parental in nature. This operator makes use of three parents to produce an offspring, which lies at the point of extrema of the quadratic curve passing through the three selected parents. The working of the operator is shown with help of a simple, steady state Genetic Algorithm having conditional elitism. After testing the validity of this algorithm on several test problems we applied it to the mathematical model of the air defence problem. The comparison of results show that although both the techniques are well suited for solving the above said problem, RCGA with QCX operator gives slightly better results then the SGA. Keywords: Optimization, Genetic Algorithms, Elitism, Recombination Operator, Air defence models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ubiquitous Computing applications have resource constraints and conventional block ciphers are infeasible to meet their requirements. This paper presents a hardware design and implementation of lightweight block cipher based on Reversible Cellular Automata (RCA), which is able to generate high pseudo random patterns with low computational overheads. The prototype implementation shows that the total number of gate is less than 3k and operates for 400 clock cycles in 82.156 MHz and it outperforms AES and NTRU. In addition, the cryptanalysis including Strict Avalanche Criterion (SAC), Differential Cryptanalysis (DC) and Linear Cryptanalysis (LC) to our implementation is satisfied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology will be a ubiquitous reality in daily life in the near future. The R&D groups in global now have paid attention to integrate RFID with mobile phone devices as well as to associate with the existing mobile telecommunication network. Such a converged technology and services would lead to make new markets and research challenges. However, privacy threats on RFID tags embedded into products has become stumbling block. Therefore, this paper propose a new security technique for mobile RFID service, which can be support to secure RFID service and uses the privacy protection in mobile RFID network services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Password-based authentication and key distribution are important in today's computing environment. Since passwords are easy to remember for human users, the password-based system is used widely. However, due to the fact that the passwords are chosen from small space, the password-based schemes are more susceptible to various attacks including password guessing attacks. Recently, Choe and Kim proposed a new password authentication scheme for keystroke dynamics. However, in this paper, we cryptanalyze the Choe-Kim scheme and show it is vulnerable to various types of attacks such as server-deception attacks, server-impersonation attacks and password guessing attacks. We also comment on the scheme that more care must be taken when designing password-based schemes and briefly show how the standard like IEEE P1363.2 can be used for strengthening those schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the fingerprint authentication technique becomes widely used at close range such as for the door lock, it will be applied for the remote user authentication as the next step. For large-scale remote user authentication services such as board control using bio-passport, the real-time as well as the security/privacy requirements should be satisfied. However, nothing is known about the collective performance of the fingerprint verification and the authentication protocol on the client-server model. In this paper, we analyzed the collective performance of the task assignment of the fingerprint authentication on the client-server model. To obtain the characteristics of the workload of both the fingerprint verification and the authentication protocol, we first consider three types of primitive operations on the client and the server; fingerprint verification module, cryptography module and communication module. Then, based on these primitive operations, the workload of each scenario of the task assignment was applied to the M/D/1 queueing model representing the client-server model, and the collective performance of each scenario was analyzed quantitatively. The modeling results showed that the server could handle the lowest level of workload when the server does decryption, verification and matching. On the contrary, the server can handle 9.57 times heavier workload when the clients do decryption, verification and matching. The modeling results also showed that the workload manageable by the server depends largely on the communication setup time. Keywords: Performance Evaluation, Fingerprint Verification, Authentication Protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel navigation method combined limit-cycle method and the vector field method for navigating a mobile robot with avoiding unexpected obstacles in the dynamic environment. The limit-cycle method is applied to avoiding obstacles placed in front of the robot and the vector field method is applied to avoiding obstacles placed on the side of the robot. The proposed method is tested using Pioneer 2-DX mobile robot. Through both simulation and experiment, the effectiveness of proposed methods for navigating a mobile robot in the dynamic environment is demonstrated. Keywords: limit-cycle, vector field method, mobile robot, real time avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The signal-decorrelating properties of the AP algorithm and the subband filtering improve the convergence speed of the conventional AP adaptive filter. In this paper, a new subband adaptive filtering with pre-whitening scheme for acoustic echo cancellation is presented. The proposed algorithm provides fast convergence and reduced computational complexity by combining merits of the affine projection (AP) algorithm and the subband filtering. The projection order of AP adaptive filter can be decreased by subband partitioning with the polyphase decomposition and the noble identity. The decreased projection order reduces the computational complexity in the proposed algorithm. Computer simulations illustrate the convergence rate improvements and the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm and show the validity of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In collaborative learning through the Internet, learners sometimes cannot communicate with other learners smoothly because they cannot focus on particular learners. Since a learner tends to focus on others whom he thinks understands exercise well, we have already proposed a mechanism for inferring other learners' understanding levels from their utterances using a solution network which represents understandability of knowledge contained in the exercise. However, the understandability of knowledge may differ among learners. In this paper, understanding levels for general knowledge are introduced as a permanent learner model. The permanent learner model is updated based on understanding levels acquired after each collaborative learning. Then, the understandability in the solution network is generated by using the permanent model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present an architecture and a system implementation for the exploitation of semantic aspects in the computer assisted design of Steel Detailing Structures (Structural Design). We support our approach in domain specific standardization efforts (CIS/2) by modeling the knowledge of the product structure and the design process as OWL ontologies in order to provide the designer with additional tools for his everyday work. As test case we present a collection of applications based in the proposed schema and developed in the frame of an R&D project together with an actual structural engineering company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach focused on incorporating semantic content into Geographic Information Systems is proposed. Our methodology is based on a conceptualization of a geospatial domain. The concepts are extracted automatically by analyzing the properties of geospatial objects (in this paper we are primarily focusing on geometrical and topological properties). The concepts are stored in the spatial database to support subsequent processing. The conceptualization of geometric properties is based on measures of geospatial objects. The measurement results obtained by the measurements are classified to obtain representative clusters of values in order to describe these properties. The values are used to define which concept better represents the properties of each object. The conceptualization of topological relations (special case of topological properties) is used to analyze and represent the topology in two levels: intrinsic and extrinsic. The use of semantics is fruitful in problems traditionally treated by numerical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]