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Many of the participants of marketing affiliation programs are children, and their parents have not approved of their participation in the marketing affiliation program. This allegedly occurred because the information system of the application organizer in the affiliation program did not accommodate the alignment of legal requirements, which is one of the conditions for the validity of a contract. The purpose of this study is to normatively elaborate on the general practice of organizing marketing affiliation programs in Indonesia, particularly in identifying the legal loopholes for the program participants who happen to be underage and without parental permission. This study concluded that the registration system for marketing affiliation programs has loopholes that do not prevent participation in marketing affiliation programs by underage participants who do not have parental permission. Given that the loophole indirectly ignores the conditions of capacity, this will almost certainly affect the existence of electronic contracts agreed upon by the parties. Information system operators in marketing affiliation programs must create a more accommodating system to meet these legal requirements’ full scope. The system can be developed, particularly during the registration phase, so that the system has a filtering mechanism for immature registrants. As a result, changes to regulations governing electronic transaction practices are required to ensure that electronic transaction operators develop an electronic transaction system that meets the requirements for adult age limits and parental consent. Keywords: Affiliate Marketing, Electronic Contract, Minors, Parental Consent

In Starbucks Corporation Trademark Dispute against PT Sumatera Tobacco Trading Company, PT Sumatera Tobacco Trading Company won because it had previously registered the same Starbucks trademark as a cigarette. The ruling was made by the Commercial Court of Central Jakarta Decision No. 51/Pdt.Sus/Tra. However, the Starbucks Corporation won at the cassation (third instance) level in the Supreme Court by Decision No. 836 K/Rev.Sus-HKI/2022 since the owner of the coffee trademark was classified as a well-known trademark. In the wake of this, it is essential to research and evaluate how the judges’ processes differ between the instances and how is the protection system of companies and trademarks that are well-known in Indonesia. This study is carried out through normative legal research, using statutory and conceptual approaches, and the secondary legal materials were collected through literature studies and qualitative descriptive analysis methods. Keywords: Trademark Dispute, Starbucks, Legal Protection for Well-Known Trademark

Hospitals produce large amounts of wastewater and biomedical waste, which contain various contaminants and, if not treated, negatively impact the environment. Over the last two years, the COVID-19 outbreak increased hospital waste stockpiles because treating patients needed more medical equipment. Bahteramas Regional General Hospital generated 9,923 kg of medical waste in 2020 and 9,577 kg in 2021. From this data, it was possible to see that the amount of waste decreased from 2020 to 2021. This study aimed to determine how medical waste was processed at the Bahteramas Regional General Hospital in Southeast Sulawesi Province during the COVID-19 pandemic. This survey was conducted at the Bahteramas Regional General Hospital in Southeast Sulawesi, using report data on medical waste and Covid-19 waste. According to the findings of this study, medical hazardous and toxic waste management was carried out, including separation, labeling, transportation, storage, disposal/destruction, and the use of third parties in final disposal. Meanwhile, sampling was used to determine the feasibility of processing liquid waste before it was distributed to the Water Agency. Keywords: Hospital, Medical Waste, Covid-19

This study aimed to describe the shift in students’ mathematical arguments from working on a proof individually to working on it in a group. This descriptive-exploratory study used a qualitative approach. Nine undergraduate students from a private university in Jombang, Indonesia, in the 5th semester were the subjects of the study. They were selected because they had already learned the concepts of math logic, argumentation, the theory of numbers, and analysis. Hence, they were ready to construct arguments in dialogue and non-dialogue forms. A task of argumentation and an interview were used to collect data. The study had several stages. First, the students solved the given argumentation task individually. Second, they had to make small groups of 3 members and discuss the same task. The result found that four of them had a complementary shift in their arguments, while the other five students had a reconstructive shift in their views. The complementary change happened because they reconsidered their initial thoughts, complementing their previous thinking structure. On the other hand, the reconstructive shift occurred due to group discussion (i.e., dialogue), which made them reconstruct or even entirely change their previous thoughts. Furthermore, they initially used inductive reasoning and then shifted their reasoning to a deductive one. Keywords: Mathematical Argumentation, Proving, Reconstruct, Complementary shift, Reconstructive shift

This study highlights the grammatical boundaries of code-mixing and code-switching practices. The data were collected from several Indonesian scholars’ work on the topic of code-mixing and/or code-switching. The data were then analyzed using a descriptive interpretative approach. Many overlapping comprehensions and determinations of code-mixing and code-switching are found in Indonesian scholars’ work. This study concludes that intra-sentential code-switching has no certain differences from codemixing. Therefore, it is classified into code-mixing and code-switching, in which the grammatical boundaries of code-mixing are morpheme, word, and phrase, whereas the code-switching boundaries are clause, sentence, and utterance. Keywords: grammatical boundaries, code-mixing, code-switching, Indonesian works

Ethno-STEM to Reduce the Phenomenon of Saturation and Develop Student Entrepreneurial Character Society 5.0 is a human-centered and technology-based concept that integrates virtual and physical spaces through a system. The world of education must continue to innovate. Islamic boarding schools are educational institutions that combine religious learning with general education to instill intelligence, skills, good character, and moral values in students without drifting away from Islamic values. The 24-hour learning system is a source of student learning saturation. The approach used in carrying out active learning and fostering learning motivation is Ethno-STEM. A systematic literature review was conducted by documenting and reviewing all articles related to active learning for increasing learning motivation that were published in national and international accredited journals between 2018 and 2021, accessed from Science Direct, Google Scholar, SINTA, DOAJ, and lens.org. The results showed that the Ethno-STEM approach can effectively increase students’ learning motivation through active learning that stimulates students to improve their thinking skills, especially the critical, creative, innovative, and entrepreneurial characters. Keywords: Ethno-STEM, interest in learning, the phenomenon of saturation, entrepreneurship character, boarding school

The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged educators all over the world to integrate technology with their usual teaching methodologies. The physical-distancing policies forced schools in Indonesia to adapt to online learning with the aid of technology. However, with the decline in the number of positive cases, the government of Indonesia has directed schools to adopt blended learning. Blended learning is an integrated form of learning, combining face-to-face learning with the online and remote study. The current study examined the effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages of blended learning implementation in the elementary schools of Indonesia. Researchers conducted a systematic literature review by documenting and reviewing related articles published between 2018 and 2021and accessed from Google Scholar and Science Direct. Results showed that blended learning was largely effective during the COVID-19 pandemic and is a step forward from the 21st -century standpoint. However, a successful blended learning implementation requires supporting applications and cooperation between teachers, students, and parents.

With the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, the education system around the world began to weaken due to the social-distancing and remote learning policies, forcing schools and teachers to constantly look out for new and innovative methods of teaching and learning. In such scenarios, the principal’s participatory leadership is a persuasive way of leading by creating harmonious collaboration between staff and students, while some creative teachers can take advantage of Google Workspace technology which is integrated with the Android application as a solution. The purpose of this research was to form a learning process that can create an active, creative, effective, and fun atmosphere. Several previous research results have shown that the principal’s participatory leadership and teachers’ creativity were low in Indonesia. To overcome this problem, the researchers conducted a systematic literature review by documenting and reviewing all articles on the related topics published between 2010 and 2021. In total, 23 articles were accessed from DOAJ, Google Scholar, and lens.org. The results of the studied articles discussed principals’ participatory leadership and teacher creativity. Several studies had shown that the principal’s participatory leadership communication approach and teacher creativity can increase the effectiveness of learning and increase active student learning motivation, thereby improving students’ critical, creative, and innovative thinking and entrepreneurial skills. Keywords: principal’s participatory leadership, Islamic religious education teacher creativity

This study aims to determine and analyze the innovation of complete population administration services in the district at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Jember Regency. Previously, population administration services such as ID cards, family cards, and birth certificates were centered at the Jember Regency Population and Civil Registry Service, people who would take care of population administration complained that the distance between the official office and their homes was too far, such as Silo sub-district, Umbulsari sub-district, and still much more. They have to come all the way to the Jember district office to take care of population administration. The services provided by the Department of Population and Civil Registry of Jember Regency were too long, causing very long queues and overcrowding. This study used qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data validation was done using the source triangulation method. This study uses interactive model data analysis techniques, namely data condensation, data presentation, and verification. The results showed that the population administration service program at the sub-district office was a breakthrough or new innovation in population administration services for Jember district. People were no longer required to come all the way to the office, rather they just had to visit their respective sub-district offices so they can take care of population administration. Population administration services are easier and faster, services that do not cause long queues. Keywords: innovation, public service, administration service

Information technology has changed the order of business and industry, including the legal services industry. This change requires law firms to be more creative and innovative in implementing legal processes in the development of information and communications technologies. To survive, a law firm cannot rely on its strengths in reputation and service quality only but also needs to consider the strength in using technology tools. The purpose of this study is to map the need for expert system development in law firms as an effort to deliver an effective and efficient legal process. The method used in this research was the normative legal method with a statute approach and conceptual approach. The results of this study were expected to provide an overview of the modern law firm structure model based on information technology. The results of the study showed that to anticipate changes to the demand for efficiency and the encouragement of regulations related to the use of information technology both in the judicial system and in registration statement processing procedures a law firm must adapt and develop information technology as the basis for the legal process. The stages of development begin with the development of Knowledge Management Technology based on Knowledge Management Systems. The next stage is the development of expert systems in the form of diagnostic systems, planning systems, procedural systems, intelligent checklists, document modelling systems, and argument generation systems. Keywords: Law firm; ICT; legal services industry

This article shows how entrepreneurial activity is used in a mathematical research product. The used methods are online and offline marketing activities where mathematical formulas are implemented to create visual images, both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional, namely parametric curves mapped with complex functions and using algebraic surfaces. The results of these activities are motifs built into the form of souvenirs, ornaments, accessories, and batik motifs. Furthermore, entrepreneurial activities were carried out with students, and small business craftsmen collaborated. The main result of this activity is the integration of mathematics with social and humanities activities. This has implications for the development of science and collaboration in economic recovery. Additionally, this activity provides production opportunities and provides new insights for ordinary people that mathematics can be expressed in batik motifs, accessories, souvenirs, and various derivative products. Keywords: entrepreneur; mathematics; parametric; algebraic surfaces

The COVID-19 pandemic had both positive and negative impacts on all areas of people’s lives. One of the negative impacts is the emergence of industrial relations disputes. Efforts to settle industrial relations dispute formally have been regulated in Law 2/2004. Industrial relations mediators have a vital role in resolving industrial relations disputes. This study aims to analyze the existence of industrial relations mediators in an effort to resolve these disputes. This research is a normative juridical approach to legislation and cases from the decision of the Industrial Relations Court at the Surabaya District Court number 111/Pdt-Sus PHI/2020/PN SBY. The results indicated that the existence of industrial relations mediators was strongly influenced by the quality of the substance of the legal product. The written recommendation of the Manpower Office of Probolinggo City Number 34/PHI/II/2022 has suggested that employers provide 3 months of severance pay to the workers. The labor relations mediator of Probolinggo city was not careful in categorizing the substance of the object of the dispute, namely the termination of employment because the company closed and suffered losses, in accordance with the provisions of article 164 paragraph (1) of the labor law. Keywords: written recommendation, mediator, industrial relation dispute

The development of information technology pushed the economic ecosystem toward digital. The convenience provided in online shopping through e-commerce has increased the number of trades in Indonesia. Currently, economic activities are not only carried out domestically but also occur in non-domestic trade. This digitalization brings high competitiveness to domestic and non-domestic business actors. This paper aims to convey that the Green Economy policy is a solution to increase the acceleration of economic recovery in Indonesia post Covid-19 pandemic. The paper is used for normative juridical research. According to Indonesia’s economic records, online trade transactions grew in a positive direction during the Covid-19 pandemic, reaching 70 percent throughout 2020 and in 2022, Lazada reported 73% customers in Southeast Asia see online shopping as a part of their daily life. If we see, although there is an increase, it is not significant. On this occasion, regulatory reforms are needed in order to help accelerate the Indonesian digital economy post the pandemic. However, this law is deemed insufficient so regulations and/or legal norms that specifically regulate digital trade are needed, especially regarding cross-border e-commerce. Besides, trade activities are closely related to monopolistic and unfair competition, so it is necessary to form binding agreements both within Indonesia and international countries to prevent any acts of abuse of international trade progress. In achieving this goal, it is not only the role of the government but also necessary steps such as the establishment of green regulation, green government, and green e-commerce. Keywords: green economy, economic recovery, cross-border e-commerce, post Covid-19

There are limited studies on the diagnosis of thermodynamics misconceptions using a four-tier instrument diagnostic test. Therefore, this identifies the misconceptions in thermodynamics material. The survey research was conducted on 577 students at SMAN in Semarang, Central Java. Students were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Identification of student misconceptions was done using the Four Tier Thermodynamics Diagnostic Test (4T-TDT). Students’ conceptual understanding was calculated using the percentage technique. The results of this study indicate that many students still have misconceptions about the concept of thermodynamics. The findings are expected to be a strategic step for designing appropriate remedial teaching. Keywords: thermodynamics, misconception, four-tier diagnostic test, alternative conception

This study explores the different forms of violation of the notary profession in Sidoarjo Regency, Indonesia. The method used is sociological jurisprudence where the approach is to identify and consider law as a social fact and a functional social institution. Data were collected through direct interview with the chairperson of the Notary Regional Supervisory Council of Sidoarjo Regency, as well as by classifying the violation types into different categories. Additionally, secondary data were collected through a review of law and legal journals related to the topic. Several factors were found to cause the violation of the notary profession, however, the notary’s noncompliance with the code of ethics and law while carrying out their duties was the commonest one. The authors conclude that several forms of notary violations – both the violation of the code of ethics and that of the law – exist in Sidoarjo Regency and must be rectified, such as installing a nameplate that does not comply with existing regulations and fraud and/or embezzlement of tax deposits. Keywords: notary, code of ethics, violation

This research aimed to describe the treatment process and the local wisdom of the mangarou totok spell towards the natural resources in the Simalungun community. This research applied an anthropolinguistic approach. The parameters of the study were interconnection, value and sustainability. The data were collected by in-depth open-ended interviews and direct participatory observation. The qualitative paradigm with the interactive model was applied during this research. Based on the research findings, there are eight steps in doing the process of the mangarou totok spell. Some of the types of local wisdom found in this research were: health, politeness, preservation, cooperation, care for the environment, social loyalty, positive thinking, commitment, and compliments. This research presents the variety of contributions focused on the sustainability of natural resources, namely: sitabar banana midrib, betel leaves, gambier, lime, areca nut, and black pepper. This research presents a new contribution to the economic and social activities of the Simalungun community. The implementation of the mangarou totok spell through natural resources can increase the Simalungun community’s income especially for shamans and the cheap cost of medications for patients. The mangarou totok spell also improves social activities because it teaches society to help one another voluntarily through budget treatment. The Simalungun community has lived in harmony by implementing the mangarou totok spell, the implementation of which requires the society to coexist with nature which provides them with the materials that they need in practicing the mangarou totok spell. Keywords: Local Wisdom, Mangarou Totok Spell, Natural Resources