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As the result of a fecal examination performed in October 1978 on 320 middle and high school students of Hapcheon, Korea, we found 2 cases of Rhabditis nematodes in 16-year old high school girls. Rhabditis nematodes isolated from their feces were cultured at 30 degrees C by a filter paper culture method. After careful observation of male and female adults, we confirmed them as Rhabditis elongata Schneider, 1866 on the morphological basis of the male genitalia, and the papillae and measurements of various parts of the worm bodies.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of oxantel/pyrantel tablets, oxantel suspension, pyrantel dry syrup and pyrantel tablets against T. trichiurus and A. lumbricoides infections. Twenty-four cases of mixed infections of T. trichiurus and A. lumbricoides were treated with oxantel/pyrantel tablets at a single dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight, and 49 cases of single infection of T. trichiurus were administered oxantel suspension at a single dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight. On the other hand, single infection of A. lumbricoides in 18 cases was administered pyrantel dry syrup at a single dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight. In the above 91 cases, the negative conversion rate and the egg reduction rate of egg out-put before and after the drug administration were examined by the cellophane thick smear method and Stoll's egg counting technique. A follow-up examination was carried out 3-4 weeks after the drug administration. Other 59 cases of single and mixed infection of T. trichiurus and A. lumbricoides were examined by the cellophane thick smear method only and administered pyrantel tablets at a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The prevalence rates of T. trichiurus and A. lumbricoides infection in this study were 42.8% and 27.2% respectively by the cellophane thick smear method among 1,066 stool specimens. 2. The egg negative conversion rate and the egg reduction rate in the administration of oxantel/pyrantel tablets at a single dose of 20 mg/kg body weight were 75.0% and 97.8% respectively in T. trichiurus infection and 100% each in A. lumbricoides. 3. The egg negative conversion rate and the egg reduction rate in the administration of oxantel suspension at a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight were 85.7% and 93.0% respectively in sinlge infection of T. trichiurus. 4. The egg negative conversion rate and the egg reduction rate in the administration of pyrantel dry syrup at a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight were 100% each in single infection of A. lumbricoides. 5. The qualitative evaluation in cases of single and mixed infection of T. trichiurus and A. lumbricoides were by means of pyrantel tablets at a single dose of 2.5 mg/kg body weight, the cure being 100% against A. lumbricoides but 17.0% against T. trichiurus. 6. There were no undesirable side effects in this study and oxantel suspension and pyrantel dry syrup were well accepted and tolerated.

Electrophoretic patterns of human blood serum protein were studied in parasitic diseases including 19 cases of clonlrchiasis, 29 cases of clonorchiasis and other helminthiasis and 22 cases of healthy controls in Kim-hae area. The same study was made on 32 cases of ascariasis, 56 cases of trichocephaliasis, 80 cases of ascariasis and trichocephaliasis, 9 cases of amebiasis and 44 cases of healthy controls in the Seoul Juvenile Center. The total serum protein was performed by Folin method and the serum protein fraction test by Durrum's paper electrophoretic method. The results were as follows: 1. In the case of clonolrchiasis, the total serum protein, albumin fraction and A/G ratio decreased and alpha(1) globulin fraction increased twice as much as in the case of healthy controls. 2. In the case of clonorchiasis and other helminthiasis, alpha(1) globulin fractions increased. 3. In the case of ascariasis, albumin fractions increased but alpha(1) globulin fractions decreased. 4. In the case of ascariasis and trichocephaliasis, alpha(2) and beta globulin fractions decreased. 5. In the case of amebiasis, alpha(1) globulin decresed.

An investigation on the trematodes of Korean amphibians was carried out during the period from April to September of 1976. A total of 883 amphibians of 6 species were examined. These frogs, toads and salamanders were collected in the areas of the Han river side. And also these amphibians comprised 775 Rana nigromaculata, 53 Rana rugosa, 21 Hyla arborea japonica, 2 Bufo bufo gargarizans, 2 Gallula tornieri and 30 Hynobius leechi. Out of the results of this work, 7 species of trematodes belonging to 2 orders were found as follows: 1. Monogenea: Diplorchis ranae Ozaki, 1931. 2. Digenea: Diplodiscus japonicus (Yamaguti, 1936), Gorgodera japonica Yamaguti, 1936, Haematoloechus sibiricus japonicus(Yamaguti, 1936), Mesocoelium brevicaecum Ochi, 1929, Loxogenes liberum Seno,1980, Pleurogenoides japonicus (Yamaguti, 1936).

Usually egg count technique has been employed to know the intensity of infestation of human intestinal helminths and to elucidate the effects of anthelmintics. Comparing the three egg count methods-Stoll's egg dilution method, Beaver's direct smear method and FHK counting board method-the authors reached the following results: 1) As the result of application of the three methods to 75 Ascaris egg positives and 95 Trichocephalus egg positives, in the case of Ascaris eggs, the egg detection rate was 99 per cent by Stoll's method, 97 per cent by Beaver's method and was lowest by FHK method at 79 %. Meanwhile, in Trichocephalus eggs, Stoll's method revealed 92 %, Beaver's method 95 %, and FHK method 95 %, there being no noticeable differences. 2) With regard to EPG, in counting Ascaris eggs, Stoll's method showed a value closest to the actual number of eggs, and the value revealed by FHK method was smaller than the actual number. 3) As the result of comparing the coefficiencies of variation of the three egg counting methods, both in Ascaris eggs and Trichocephalus eggs, the FHK method showed the smallest, followed by Stoll's method and Beaver's method.