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One of the most advanced directions in the development of the hip joint surgery and its complications is shown to be the use of external fixation apparatuses. The operative interventions system combining the classic elements, using the external fixation apparatuses, is developed taking into account the form of degenerative and dystrophic lesion of joints, the patient age and accompanying complications. Among all the destruction forms of proximal part of the femur in children the partial defect of epiphysis is most favourable in the subsequent prediction. The use of Elizarovs apparatus not only makes easier the nursing and excludes the contracture in adjacent joints but fits the aims of the joint decompression, affected epiphysis unloading.

New developments in surgery of displastic processes of cotyloid cavity tectum are presenj ted. Based on the progressive correction of pelvic component of the joint by the external fixation apparatus, these methods are sufficiently efficient and appropriate in children of school age. The variations of the correction of cotyloid cavity tectum are tested in the infantile department of the research center The recovery traumatology and orthopedics of Tatarstan and are found to be good. This paper is concerned with the detailed description of the operative interventions.

A distingishing feature of the newly developed method of the treatment of destructive dislocation of the femur in children is a possibility to use autotransplant on the feeding muscular limb for the plasty of proximal part of the femur with the recovery of cartilaginous integument of the joint surface of femoral component. The method shows the high efficacy. The positive result is obtained in 8 cases out of 9. The use of Ilizarovs apparatus significantly promotes the realization of the method and provides a possibility to make the patient more active in the process of the treatment.

In the practice of surgeons there are two difficulties in the correction of proximal part of femur: the true interorientation of bone fragments and their fixation in osteosynthesis. The authors have developed a device for the determination of coordinates of proximal part of femur and a device for the fixation of bone fragments. The principal diagrams of devices and their application methods are presented in this paper. The use of these devices allowed to perform the operative correction of proximal part of femur in 54 patients.

External rotatory contracture in hip joint appears in some cases in the process of correction of the proximal part of femur. Incomplete and low dislocations of femur are stated to be characterized by absolute shortening of short external rotators and high forms of dislocations by shortening of middle gluteal muscle. The methods of correction of the length of these muscles in the process of treatment of the dislocation of femur are suggested. The comparative analysis of treatment results of the congenital dislocation of femur in 159 persons by the methods, developed by the authors and traditional methods is presented. The positive result of the treatment is received in 95,4% patients.

The problem of the treatment of congenital dislocation of the femur is actual currently. The main attention of the orthopedists is paid to the correction of deformation elements of proximal part of the femur and cotyloid cavity tectum. The paper is concerned with the tactics of operative treatment of children with congenital dislocation of the femur depending on the form of the disease and age of patients. Some methods of the treatment are developed on the basis of the recovery of right biomechanics of paraarticular muscles and joint elements. These methods are the basis of the suggested approach to the treatment of pathology. The efficacy of the treatment is confirmed by a large number of observations and twenty years of the treatment of congenital dislocation of the femur in children.

Children's injuries, according to various authors [1-3], account for 12 to 30% of all types of non-occupational injuries. In the structure of child mortality from accidents, up to 70% is accounted for by traumas received in everyday life, up to 17.7% - in road traffic accidents [4].

The aim of the present study was to identify the main errors in diagnosis, peculiarities of localization of injuries, and causes of death of victims with combined craniocerebral trauma depending on their age.

An original design for taking cylindrical bone grafts from allograft has been developed. Cylindrical grafts can be made from both cortical and cancellous bone. Cortical grafts in traumatology are used to connect bone fragments in the treatment of fractures. A spongy cylindrical bone graft in the form of a column is widely used for biostimulation of the femoral head during its aseptic necrosis, as well as for filling bone cavities after resection of benign tumors.