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This study was conducted to determine the effect of water salinity changes on methionine content in tiger grouper juvenile (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). A total of 2,560 tiger grouper juveniles were used and divided into five groups consist of 1 control group (without exposed to salinity changes) and 4 treatment groups. The salinity was changed every 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours in treatment A, B, C, and D, respectively. Salinity levels were changed during 24 hours by lowering salinity level from 32 psu to 22 psu. Twenty five of fish were collected from each treatment for methionine content analysis. Data were analysed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that there was a decrease in methionine content in all treatments. A significant decrease (P0.05) of methionine content in treatment A, B, and C were observed after 20 hours (1.15%), 18 hours (1.27%), and 16 hours (1.24%), respectively. While at 0 hours (control), the methionine content was 2.02%. Methionine level in treatment D was not significantly different (P0.05) compared to control group. As conclusion, rearing the tiger grouper juvenile with salinity fluctuations every 6 hours did not lead to methionine deficiency.

This study aimed to estimate the gestational age of Etawa crossbred goats based on ultrasound images of embryo and fetal usingtranscutaneous ultrasonography. Etawa crossbred does (n= 5) were synchronized using double PGF2α injection with 10 days interval and matednaturally. Early pregnancy was diagnosed on 20th day after mating base on isoechogenic image of the embryo (2.65±0.75 mm) andhypoechogenic appearance of gestational sac. On 30th day of the first trimester, the embryo size was 8.31±0.42 mm. The embryo reached10.44±0.51 mm on 35th day. On 60th day, the existence of the fetal were clearly appeared along with isoechogenic of umbilical cord,hyperechogenic os cranium (25.5±0.1 mm), and body length (51.83±1.59 mm). On 75th day, the diameter of the os cranium was 33.03±0.20 mm,body length of 110±1.73 mm, and bones structures appeared hyperechogenic for os thoracalis and os vertebrae. The placenta was isoechogenoicwith diameter of 23.3±0.2 mm. On 90th day, the placenta dominated the uterus (22.67±1.70 mm) and reached its maximum diameter on 145th day(33.73±2.91 mm). In conclusion, early pregnancy detection of Etawa crossbred goats using transcutaneous ultrasonography could be performedon 20th day after mating

This research aimed to determine the optimum time for early pregnancy diagnosis in dwarf goat by trancutaneous ultrasonography and to determine ultrasonography imaging of dwarf goat pregnancy since insemination until embryo formation. Animal used in this research were 3 productive female goats with normal estrus cycle and 1male goat. The female goats were kept in separation pen from the male goat. The grasses were fed three times a day and additional feed were fed in the morning and afternoon with the water was given ad libitum. The goats were synchronized with intramuscular double injection of 1 ml estron ® /each female goat with 11 days interval. The observation of estrus was examined using male goat following the second injection of estron ® . The sign of estrus in female goats were characterized with standing immobile and allow the male goat to mount them. If the signs had been evident, the female goats were naturally mated. Pregnancy was determined by the presence of the embryonic vesicle by isoechogenic until hyperechogenic visualization surrounded by hypoechogenic of the embryonic fluid. The result of the transcutaneous ultrasonography in dwarf goat pregnancy showed the presence of embryonic vesicle on day 14 and embryo with isoechogenic visualization was detected on day 24 of pregnancy . Key words: dwarf goat, early pregnancy, transcutaneous ultrasonography

This study was aimed to find out the effect of ethanolic extract of ant plant (Myrmecodia sp.) to increase the activity of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) serum and to observe the histopathological changes of hypercholesterolemic rat liver. This study used 20 male rats grouped into 4 treatment groups, namely negative control group (K1), hypercholesterolemic group (K2), and hypercholesterolemic group that administered with ethanolic extract of ant plant 100 (K3) and 200 mg/kg bw (K4). The LPL enzyme activity were measured by the titration method and histopatological changes of liver were observed by calculated fatty degeneration and fatty infiltration. The data were analyzed using one way anova followed by Duncan test. The average of LPL enzyme activity on group K1, K2, K3, and K4 were 0.80±0.06, 0.45±0.10, 0.83±0.11, and 0.76±0.03 unit, respectively. The average number of fatty degeneration on hepatocyte and fatty infiltration were 1.80±0.83, 3.60±1.14, 23.00 ±1.22, and 40.20±1.30; and 9.20±0.84, 16.40±1.14, 2.60±0.54, and 4.80±0.83, respectively. The results showed that theraphy ethanolic extract of ant plant effects significantly (P

The aim of this research was to determine the percentage of estrus, performance of estrus, and percentage of pregnancy in local goat which synchronized with seminal vesicles extract. The seminal vesicles used in this research were collected from the waste of Banda Aceh slaughter house. The goats were allotted into 2 groups. Goats in group were injected with 0.5 ml PGF2á intramuscularly, and goats in group II were injected with 5 ml seminal vesicles extract intrauterine. The injection was done twice with the interval of 11 days. The goats which perform estrus sign are mated naturally once in every observation. Pregnancy diagnosing was done using chemical urine method 2 months after mating. The estrus percentage and pregnancy data were analyzed with chi-square and the estrus performance (onset and estrus duration) were analyzed using student T test. The estrus onset of group I and II were 29.33±4.62 and 24.00±0.00 hours (P0.05). Estrus duration of group I and II were 26.67+4.62 and 20.00+11.97 hours respectively (P0.05). The estrus percentage of group I and II did not show any significant differences (P0.05), those are 60.0 and 40.0% respectively, whereas the percentage of estrus from both groups were 100.0 %.