Search

Background Hydroxyethyl starch ( HES) solutions may cause acute kidney injury ( AKI) in humans. Objective To compare AKI grades in 94 dogs exposed and 90 dogs that were unexposed to 6% HES-130/0.4. Animals Dogs receiving 6% HES-130/0.4 ( HES cohort) or crystalloids (unexposed cohort) between 2013 and 2015. Methods Historical cohort study. Diagnosis, total cumulative dose and total mL/kg of HES administered, time frame of HES administration and serum creatinine concentrations up to 90 days after initiation of HES treatment were retrospectively reviewed. The AKI grades were retrospectively determined by IRIS guidelines. Results Exposed dogs received a median cumulative dose of 69.4 mL/kg (range, 2-429 mL/kg) HES over a median of 4 (range, 1-16) days, resulting in a median dose of 20.7 (range, 2-87) mL/kg/d. Although the cohorts differed in terms of age and diagnosis, AKI grades were not significantly different at the evaluated short- and long-term time points. Results of ordinal logistic regression identified the number of days of HES administration as significantly associated with an increase in AKI grade within 10 days ( P = .038), whereas there was no significant association among HES exposure, HES mL/kg/d, and an increase in AKI grade. Conclusions and Clinical Importance HES-130/0.4-treated dogs were not more prone to develop AKI than HES-untreated, but the number of HES days was significantly associated with an increase in AKI grade within 10 days post- HES administration. The time frame of HES treatment should be kept short. Prospective, randomized clinical trials are required to assess the effect of HES on renal function in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in small-animal patients and carries a guarded prognosis with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly in oligoanuric dogs. Fenoldopam, a selective dopamine agonist, has been shown to increase urine output in healthy dogs and cats; however, the mechanism of action is unknown. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate the effect of fenoldopam infusion on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa) in healthy dogs. Animals Ten healthy, privately owned dogs. Methods Randomized, crossover design with negative control. Ten healthy dogs were given fenoldopam diluted in 5% dextrose (D5W) as a continuous IV infusion of 0.8 μg/kg/min for 5 hours and a control infusion of D5W alone, 7 days apart. Glomerular filtration rate was measured by exogenous iohexol clearance, beginning 1 hour after the start of the fenoldopam infusion. Fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa) was measured before and after the infusion. Glomerular filtration rate and change in FeNa were compared between treatment days. Results Fenoldopam infusion resulted in a significantly increased ( P = .0166) GFR (median GFR, 3.33 mL/min/kg) in healthy dogs compared with D5W infusion (median GFR, 2.71 mL/kg/min). Fenoldopam also resulted in a significantly increased ( P = .0148) FeNa (mean change, 0.106), whereas infusion of D5W alone did not (mean change, 0.016). Conclusions and Clinical Importance In healthy dogs, fenoldopam significantly increased GFR and FeNa compared with infusion of D5W alone. No adverse effects were seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]