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INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the association between alpha-blockers and dementia in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).METHODS:Using the National Health Insurance Service da...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: There are no established evidence of comparing efficacy and safety between surgical methods of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study investigated the present status related BPH surgery in Korea during five years. METHODS: County level data from the National Health Insurance Service and National Statistical Office was analyzed in this ecological study. The trend of number of BPH related surgery was analyzed and age, geographic distribution and assortclassification of hospital were also reviewed. RESULTS: There are not much change of total number of BPH related surgery during five years. Although, there is not much alteration in the number of conventional transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), the number of holmium laser prostate surgery (HOLEP) is dramatically increased. The number of HOLEP overtake the number of KTP laser after 2011 and it is anticipated that the gap will be arise. In the analysis of age, BPH related surgery is increased according to years in seventy while it is decreased in fifty and sixty. Meanwhile, after 2012, the number of BPH related surgery is decreased in local clinics, but it is increased in large hospital in metropolitan and it may be related with the increased number of HOLEP. In the analysis of geographical distribution, an uneven distribution according to country characteristics (metropolitan cities vs. nonmetropolitan cities) was showed. CONCLUSIONS: Through the data of the National Health Insurance Service, we could apprehend the present status of BPH related surgery in Korea. Then, we could know about the trend according to several factors and we think it is valuable results as academic references as well. Source of Funding: none

We evaluated whether the risk of progression and the recurrence rate were different in patients with primary and nonprimary stage T1 grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.Between 1983 and 1997, 75 patients were treated for stage T1 grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Of these patients 68 (primary and nonprimary tumor in 58 and 14, respectively) without carcinoma in situ who had not undergone complete cystectomy immediately after diagnosis were included in the study. No maintenance regimen was used. Median followup was 100 months (range 9 to 217).The incidence of multiple tumors in patients with nonprimary tumors was significantly higher than in patients with primary disease (p = 0.035). However, the recurrence-free survival rate in patients with primary T1 GIII bladder tumor was significantly lower than that of patients with nonprimary T1 GIII bladder tumor (p = 0.0016). Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard regression model revealed that only initial tumor status had statistically significant effects on tumor recurrence (p = 0.007) and no other factors had a significant influence on recurrence-free survival. Progression-free and cancer specific survival rates were also significantly different between the 2 groups (p = 0.036 and 0.0307, respectively).Our study indicates that patients with primary stage T1 grade 3 bladder cancers have higher recurrence and progression potential than those with nonprimary disease despite the higher incidence of multiple tumors in patients with nonprimary tumors.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The present study was performed to investigate human mesenchymal stem cells (B10) directly transplanted to the bladder wall are capable of inhibiting collagen deposition and improve cystometric parameters in SCI rats. METHODS: B10 were labeled with fluorescent silica magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) contained rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) conjugated to terminal silanol groups.. Forty 6-week old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups (group 1: control, group 2: sham operation, group 3: SCI, group 4: SCI rats receiving B10). For SCI model, contusion was performed on the thoracic spinal cord very severe intensity weight drop. Four weeks after the onset of SCI, B10 were injected into the bladder wall. Serial T2-weighted MR images were taken immediately B10 injection (1�106 cells) and at 4 weeks post-transplantation. Locomotor behavioral tests were performed using rotarod, BassoeBeattieeBresnahan (BBB) test and voiding response was assessed at 4 weeks after transplantation and bladder was harvested. Nissl staining of spinal cord sections was performed. RESULTS: The hindlimbs of all the animals with SCI were completely paralyzed one day after contusion injury. Both of rotarod and BBB score were 0 and the development of SCI was confirmed and still preserved until 8 weeks after SCI. MR imaging of MNP-labeled B10 cells in the bladder showed hypointense signal intensities on T2weighted images until 4 weeks post-transplantation. B10 cells positive for human mitochondria antigen were found in the transplantation site indicating that MNP-labeled B10 cells survived in the bladder at 4 weeks after transplantation. Transplanted B10 differrentiated to smooth muscle cells. The SCI group showed a higher collagen deposition than the sham operation group (P