Search

Introduction: There still remains a significant gap in understanding the sexual and reproductive health challenges faced by adolescents, particularly in the context of early sexual activity, teenage pregnancy, and sexually transmitted diseases. This study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the initial sexual experiences of Cambodian adolescents, highlighting the complex interplay of cultural, social, and personal influences that shape their sexual health decisions and outcomes. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative research design was used. Thirty Cambodian adolescents were interviewed from March to June 202 and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants met their sexual partners in school and through friendships and social networking sites. Their motivations for sexual activities ranged from intrinsic desires to influences of inebriation, love, and trust. Consent was crucial but some were influenced by partners. Awareness of sexual protection varied, affecting condom use and information-seeking behaviors. After initial encounters, participants grappled with complex emotions and physical changes. Discussion: The findings suggest the need for educational interventions that address substance use; promote safe behavior, consensual conduct, open communication, and mutual respect; and provide coping strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Depression beliefs and practices among indigenous peoples are essential to creating responsive mental health services. The purpose of the study is to explore the cultural beliefs and practices on depression among the Ilocanos, Kankana-eys, and Maranaos indigenous peoples in the Philippines. Method: The study employed a focused ethnography research design. The study involved 41 (N = 41) traditional healers and tribal leaders across Ilocano, Kankana-ey, and Maranao ethnic groups in the Philippine Islands. Interviews, reviews of records, and participant observation were used as data gathering tools. Results: Beliefs about depression include magico-spiritual influence, relational problems, economic pressure, and emotional domains. Practices were divided into three domains: preventive, curative, and rehabilitative interventions. Discussion: The depression beliefs and practices of Ilocano, Kankana-ey, and Maranao indigenous peoples are rooted in their tradition, culture, religion, and medical influences largely rooted in magico-spiritual approaches. These findings suggest the inclusion of culturally-based care to address depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Little is understood about caregivers' lived experiences when first caring for patients on the nasogastric tube at home in an Asian setting. To enhance understanding, our study aimed to chart these caregivers' psycho-emotional evolutions felt during such caregiving experiences in Singapore. Method: Utilizing purposive sampling, a descriptive phenomenological study was performed, with semi-structured interviews of 10 caregivers of persons on nasogastric tube feeding conducted. Thematic analysis was utilized. Results: Our findings chart four psycho-emotional transitions of a caregiver's journey in nasogastric tube feeding and the cultural dynamics involved—(a) Disruption of Caregivers' Normality: Attempting to Grasp Reality, (b) Encountering Road-Blocks: Despondency Arises and Frustrations Abound, (c) Adjusting to the New Normal: Reclaiming Confidence and Positivity, (d) Thriving and Integrating into the New Normal, and (e) Cultural Dynamics At Play. Discussion: Our findings illuminate the understanding of caregivers' varying needs, guiding delivery of culturally-congruent caregiver support targeted at each psycho-emotional evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Limited research on cultural competence in nursing, midwifery, and education exists within low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa (SA). This study aimed to describe midwives' self-reported levels of cultural competence toward women receiving maternal care. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey design and an all-inclusive sample of (N = 104; n = 82) midwives yielded a 79% response rate. Data were collected using the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET) questionnaire. Participants included midwives recruited from maternity units of five hospitals in South Africa: different hospitals that included one large district, two regional, and two tertiary hospitals in the North-West Province of SA. An all-inclusive sample of (N = 104; n = 82) midwives participated, representing a 79% response rate. Results: Midwives reported an overall moderate level of competence regarding their knowledge and understanding of cultural factors; it was concerning that their confidence in interviewing patients from different cultural backgrounds on factors such as acculturation and worldview were the lowest. Discussion: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this was the first study to assess the cultural competence of midwives in SA using TSET. The study highlighted the need for midwives' training to improve their cultural competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can prevent HPV-related cancers. However, African Americans (AA) have a 30% higher incidence of HPV-related cervical cancer than Whites. The purpose of this integrative review is to explore cultural factors and beliefs impacting HPV vaccine decisions in AA adults. Methodology: The Whittemore & Knafl model guided this review. Databases searched were PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase. Key terms included "human papillomavirus," "vaccine," "cultural values," "African American," and "adult." Inclusion criteria were AAs aged 18 years and over living in the United States. Results: A total of 634 articles were identified, and 20 studies published from 2010 to 2020 were used. Common factors influencing HPV vaccine decisions included religion, knowledge, physician recommendation, social network, attitudes, mistrust, benefits, and safety. Discussion: Limitations included omission of articles lacking AA representation, limited databases searched, and one-author-evaluated studies. Future studies to discover additional cultural factors influencing HPV vaccine acceptance are critical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to describe the health and well-being of family caregivers of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) adults living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), explore cultural values related to caregiving, and characterize barriers and facilitators to their health and well-being.Caregivers of NHPIs living with ADRD were recruited from across the United States to complete a multimethod study including a survey followed by an interview about their health and well-being.Eleven participants completed surveys, six of whom completed an interview. Themes included caring as a community, lōkahi (balance), and the importance of sleep, food, and physical activity. Cultural values included connection to cultural practices, kūpuna (elders) as cultural knowledge holders, and the kuleana (responsibility) of caregiving.Caregiving for an NHPI adult living with ADRD occurs beyond the dyad, and is a matter of family and community. Culturally-based interventions offered through community and healthcare organizations may be critical to promoting caregiver health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latinx Millennial caregivers are an understudied minority group in the United States. Due to life stage and cultural values, these caregivers struggle to balance conflicting priorities with career, family, and caregiving. They also face systemic barriers and healthcare disparities.Participants (N = 29) were recruited locally and nationally. Qualitative data were collected using five focus groups and one individual interview. Interviews were analyzed by seven coders using thematic analysis with an inductive approach.Meta-themes included (a) the Latinx experience with culture, immigrant status, and structural barriers; and (b) being a super caregiver: being everything to everyone. Additional main themes were identified including family well-being, occupational and financial well-being, social support dynamics, challenges and rewards of family caregiving, and coping strategies.Clinical interventions for Latinx Millennial caregivers should address cultural background, value of family/community, and systemic barriers for care and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Supporting independent functioning of homebound, chronically ill older adults (HOAs) is a major concern across cultures. In Thailand, actions HOAs take to remain independent and maintain their holistic (mental, physical, and spiritual) health is understudied. Therefore, we explored self-care practices used by rural Thai HOAs to maintain their independence. Methods: We used a focused ethnographic approach, recruiting HOAs, their families, and community members from a rural area in Southern Thailand. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Sixteen HOAs and 23 family/community members participated. Three themes emerged: self-care to stay healthy, sharing life with family and society in a positive way, incorporating both folk and modern medicine to maintain health. Factors facilitating holistic health practices were supportive family network, Thai cultural beliefs, community strength and support, and health care services. Discussion/Conclusions: These findings may help health care professionals develop interventions supporting holistic health practices of Thai HOAs to remain independent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hispanic adolescents are at high risk of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors. Parent–child communication protects against such behaviors. Among Hispanic families, it is critical to explore how cultural characteristics influence mothers–daughter communication about sex. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand how cultural values influence mothers' communication about sex with their early adolescent Hispanic daughters. Methodology: Twenty-one Hispanic mothers of seventh-grade daughters participated in this focus group study. Directed content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Four Hispanic cultural values (familismo, machismo, marianismo, and respeto) and how each value influences mother–daughter communication about sex were identified. While mothers want to protect their daughters, there are multiple cultural norms that made it challenging for them to have critical conversations. Discussion: The study informs researchers and clinicians how to facilitate parent–child conversations about sex and to equip parents to teach their children how to avoid engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Insufficient cultural competences among health care professionals (HCPs) working with ethnic minorities may result in poorer quality of care. This study aimed to develop a cultural intervention for HCPs. Method. The intervention was designed using the Behavior Change Wheel. The development phase contained empirical studies of patients with HIV and African background, literature review, observations from a migrant health clinic, and transcultural care theory. Results. Systematic development will facilitate an intervention tailored to focus on nurses' sensitivity and awareness, and aims to give them tools to identify narratives about patients' life situation and self-management as well as provide effective, compassionate, and culturally competent care. Discussion. Higher cultural competence among nurses may improve their support of patients to manage their disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: American Indian (AI) people have protective factors embedded in cultural teachings that buffer against high-risk behaviors. This study applies a qualitative, grounded theory approach to identify cultural assets for a Diné (Navajo) mother-daughter intervention aimed at preventing substance abuse and teen pregnancy. Method: Focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with 28 AI females' ages 8 years and older from the Navajo Nation. Results: Key themes were (a) preserving the Diné way of life, (b) cultural assets related to being a healthy Diné woman, (c) matrilineal networks as a source of strength/pride, (d) historical trauma as a source of resilience, (e) male influences as protective health factors, (f) Western education as a measure of success, and (g) integrating different belief systems. Discussion: Study findings may be applied as foundational elements for culturally grounded AI substance abuse and teen pregnancy prevention strategies, as well as culturally safe nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The World Health Organization states that suicide is the second leading cause of death among youngs, and racism has been proven to have detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. These two plagues represent a public health priority, especially for susceptible minorities. Method: This systematic review analyzed 23 studies from multiple database searches, to understand the relationship between racism and suicidality in young minority groups. Results: The review demonstrated the correlation between racism and suicidality with the consequent development of mental disorders. There is strong evidence that the main suicide risk factor is acculturation, interpreted as the assimilation of the dominant culture with the loss of values from one's cultural background. Discussion: Health care professionals should not underestimate the risk of suicidality associated with racism. Prevention is crucial and it should be implemented from a young age, in schools, through a joint intervention with children and their families, aiming toward integration without acculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In Japan's forest areas, cultural capital and older adults play key roles in helping to sustain the community. The purpose was to explore cultural values/beliefs related to culturally congruent health activities among older adults in forest communities. Method: The qualitative ethnonursing research method was used. Data were collected through fieldwork and key informants' interviews (n = 14) over 1 year. The setting was a traditional village with 80% forest cover. Results: Findings included two universal cultural values/beliefs, which were "community identity as a community member" and "our cohesion and connection as community members." Additionally, two diverse cultural values/beliefs were found: "gender-based differences" and "differences between those having experience working outside the forest community and those without this experience." These were related to community-based health activities. Discussion: These values/beliefs were suggested to develop a multilayered network around health activities in order to prevent functional disabilities among older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of familial paternalism in Taiwan, nonreading older adult women (NOAWs) may passively disengage from treatment and submit to the decisions of their families. The purposes of this case study were to examine the ethical conflicts regarding the autonomy of hospitalized NOAWs receiving percutaneous coronary intervention in a cultural environment of familial paternalism and to propose a theoretical framework based on a literature review to resolve the ethical challenges specific to this cultural context. The proposed framework "Nursing advocacy model for engaging NOAWs with their medical treatment" was established on the basis of relational ethics, nursing advocacy, and shared decision making. Our argument does not question traditional Chinese cultural values. Instead, we advocate for NOAWs to engage with their treatment, express their preferences, and communicate with their families in a decision-making process that incorporates mutual respect and understanding within the context of Chinese culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a practice, in breach of human rights, which currently extends to European countries. Given that migration to a Western country can involve cultural change, the aim of the present study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of sub-Saharan women regarding FGM/C following migration to Spain. Method: A qualitative exploratory research design utilizing life history methodology was applied. Participants (n = 24) were recruited until data saturation was reached. Results: Sub-Saharan women describe their experience of FGM/C. Once in Spain, they begin to demystify the justifications for which FGM/C is practiced and to break the taboo that surrounds the practice. Discussion: Migration leads individuals to reflect on the traditional practices from their countries of origin. The nursing profession must accompany migrant women throughout their process of change and provide objective information from a position of cultural understanding, avoiding attitudes that might create a sense of revictimization while their resultant health consequences are being attended to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Culture and care are two important phenomena of particular concern to transcultural nursing. Cancer care is generally affected by certain cultural factors that influence how cancer patients experience diseases and seek and utilize care services. This study aimed to explore the cultural factors that affect cancer care in a Nigerian cancer care institution. Method: This study adopted an ethnonursing method involving participant observation and individual interviews. The study was conducted in the oncology unit of University College Hospital, Nigeria. Seven nurses and six patients were key participants, while four physicians, three ward assistants, and six patients' relatives constituted the general participants. Result: Two themes and five patterns were identified. Participants described how the interplay of several cultural factors influenced or inhibited cancer care. Findings revealed significant influence of kinship, family, and social structure as well as the roles played by cultural beliefs, values, and practices in cancer care in Nigeria. Discussion: Cultural factors need to be considered broadly for the efforts toward prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of cancer to be effective in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There has been a growing number of people from Chinese backgrounds entering England and their perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care need to be addressed when their cultural context changes. Methodology: A Straussian grounded theory method was used. Twenty-five participants were recruited, after which point data saturation was reached. Results: Four themes emerged showing participants' perceptions of the terms: holistic; family involvement; religious care; abstract and sensitive. Discussion: Participants held holistic and culturally sensitive perspectives of spirituality, which demonstrates that patient-centered care is important. Also, health care professionals need to consider methods to involve family member and use religious or cultural values to support their spiritual needs. Particularly, when implementing spiritual care, they need to be aware that people from Chinese backgrounds blend Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism together in their understanding of the terms and may provide contradictory information about their religious belief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study depicts the cultural conflict that occurred when an American Roma (Gypsy) woman delivered her baby at a small hospital that had no knowledge or experience with the Roma culture. The case is analyzed based on the three modes of nursing actions and decisions for culturally congruent nursing care, an important tenet of Leininger's culture care theory. Culture care preservation and maintenance efforts included enabling family presence, respecting the culture's moral code, and acknowledging child-rearing norms. Cultural care accommodation and negotiation focused on the patient's hospital room accommodation, negotiating adherence to identification and security measures, and formulating the discharge plan. Cultural care repatterning and restructuring was not attempted. Recommendations for nursing practice are made based on this case, migration trends, and recent cultural changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: As the Arab American population grows in the United States, relatively little has been published about the health status of this population. The purpose of the research was to (1) discover health care perceptions of Arab Americans and (2) identify strategies to ensure the provision of culturally congruent health care. Method: Community-based participatory research methodology was used for this descriptive study. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with Arab Americans residing in northeast Pennsylvania. Results: Three themes were identified: (1) perceptions of health resulting in delays in seeking health care, (2) cultural values and practices resulting in need for culturally congruent provision of care, and (3) mistrust of the U.S. health care system resulting in underutilization of services. Discussion: Results indicate the need for nurses to implement culturally congruent community-based strategies and interventions for meeting health care needs of Arab Americans. By understanding the community's perceptions and attitudes, nurses will be better positioned to ultimately move toward the goal of reducing health disparities in this underserved population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Leaders are realizing the importance of recognizing diversity and applying cultural humility for successful outcomes. When a difference in perspective is misunderstood or not adequately considered, the resulting conflict interferes with the accomplishment of goals and relationships. With the intent to advance mutual understanding and improve human interactions, a theory to guide nurses and other professions on how to appreciate diversity and apply cultural humility is presented. Method: Guided by Walker and Avant's strategies, the theory was developed from a synthesis of key concepts and constructs from research and scholarly works. Results: The theory of cultural humility is presented. Discussion: To foster a better understanding of the multiple considerations involved in being culturally humble, this theory provides clarity of the related concepts, influences, and outcomes. This theory may help learners recognize the multiple factors that lead to discordant perspectives and exude flexibility to foster positive outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe basic palliative care from the acute care nurses' perspective with consideration for culturally diverse populations. Participants focused their responses based on their experiences with Hmong patients. The concept of cultural safety was explored to improve basic palliative care practice in acute care settings. Method: A qualitative approach was utilized. Thirty-four nurses participated in either focus group or individual interviews. Results: Assisting tradition, understanding culture, and managing language barriers were identified as themes unique to providing basic palliative care to Hmong patients. Discussion: Nurses experienced uncertainty and inadequacy of resources when caring for patients from a Hmong background. Nurses also recognized the strong family ties in this specific population and the importance of supporting tradition while in the hospital. Utilizing Wood and Schwass' framework of cultural safety could guide nurses providing basic palliative care to Hmong patients and other culturally diverse patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tobacco use is a preventable cause of death among ethnic minorities. Chinese Americans have high smoking rates and underutilize evidence-based cessation therapies. Community members' perspectives on tobacco use and cessation may help bridge treatment gaps and ensure that cessation approaches are aligned with cultural values. Methods: Focus group methods were used to explore cultural factors influencing tobacco use and cessation among 50 Chinese immigrants. Emerging themes were identified using thematic analysis. Results: The three emerging themes are (a) tobacco use is influenced by Chinese American immigrants' socioecological environment, (b) self-discipline determines the ability to quit, and (c) complex family dynamics influence quitting. Discussion: Cessation approaches framed within cultural perspectives may help bridge treatment gaps. Innovations such as leveraging soft technologies that are widely used in the community may extend the reach of health promotion campaigns and treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There are at least 22 Arab league states and sections in Northern Africa, southwestern Asia, and Europe that incorporate the vast Middle Eastern culture. The purpose of this study was to identify the cultural variations in newborn care practices, self-management of common illnesses, and their potential impact on infant welfare. Method: A qualitative design using a focus group approach with 37 Arab mothers in Jordan was used. Results: Findings revealed strong similarities in terms of beliefs, care practices, and the experience of intergenerational conflict in establishing and maintaining traditional practices among mothers. Potentially harmful practices included restrictive swaddling, rubbing a newborn's body with salt, and encouraging the ingestion of herbs in newborns. Discussion: It is important for nurses and midwives to be aware of traditional practices, cultural beliefs, and the implications for infant welfare if they are to effectively engage with families to promote the well-being of the newborn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: It is estimated that 70% to 80% of informal care for frail and disabled elders is provided by family caregivers (FCGs). Aim: To better understand how caregiving for the elderly has affected FCGs lives and to compare the perspective of these caregivers in Belgium and Kenya. Method: Semistructured interviews were undertaken with 15 FCGs in Kenya and 15 FCGs in Belgium. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Themes discovered in the experience of family caregiving included profile of the care receiver, impact of caregiving on the FCG, cultural values and norms, challenges in caregiving, coping strategies and caregiver well-being. Discussion: FCGs in both Kenya and Belgium identified experiencing serious concerns. In Kenya, the lack of resources and formal structures play a more important role than in Belgium. Despite this difference, culture-specific views and norms are paramount to explaining the FCG experience in the two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: African immigrants and their offspring are increasing in the United States. Yet little is known about the beliefs, perceptions, and practices of second-generation African immigrants regarding healthy eating and physical activities within the context of culture and environment. Method: Five small group interviews using a focused ethnography qualitative method were conducted with 20 college-age students who were offspring of African immigrants. Data were analyzed using Leininger’s four phases of analysis. Results: Four themes emerged: (1) family, community, and religious ties to traditional African foods; (2) traditional African cuisine as healthy and american foods as nonhealthy; (3) eating patterns vary according to availability and resources; and (4) exercise patterns have familial, peer-driven, and generational influences. Discussion: African food was a connection to family and the African community. Food choices and activities were strongly influenced by accessibility, social structures, and the environment. Dietary and activity-based interventions should include both American and African influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Asian cultures reflect patriarchal cultural values and attitudes, which likely have influenced women leaders in their countries differently from women in Western cultures. However, virtually no leadership theories have been developed to reflect the experiences and development of nursing leaders from Asian cultures. The purpose of this article is to present an emerging integrated middle-range theory on Asian women’s leadership in nursing. Methodology: Using an integrative approach, the theory was developed based on three major sources: the leadership frames of Bolman and Deal, literature reviews, and exemplars/cases from five different countries. Results: The theory includes two main domains (leadership frames and leadership contexts). The domain of leadership frames includes human resources/networks, structure/organization, national/international politics, and symbols. The domain of leadership contexts includes cultural contexts, sociopolitical contexts, and gendered contexts. Discussion: This theory will help understand nursing leadership in Asian cultures and provide directions for future nurse leaders in this ever-changing globalized world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To understand Jordanian women’s beliefs and values related to breast health and how these beliefs influence their decisions to receive breast cancer screening. Design: A focused ethnography method was used; 31 key informants were recruited from Ma’an city located in the southern part of Jordan. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Data Analysis: Leininger’s four phases of qualitative data analysis. Findings: Three major themes were identified: (a) Feeling of embarrassment, fear, denial, and lack of knowledge are common experience among women regarding breast cancer screening; (b) Hesitancy on the part of health care professionals to offer education about breast health and screening; and (c) Willingness to learn about breast health and cancer screening. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that nurses be trained about breast assessment and additional resources mobilized for mammography and health promotion programs targeting rural Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People from non-White racial groups and other underserved populations, including Latinos, are frequently reluctant to participate in research. Yet their participation into research is foundational to producing information that researchers and health care providers need to address health disparities. The purpose of this article is to describe challenges we have encountered along with culturally relevant strategies we used in five research studies to recruit Mexican American participants from community settings, some of whom were also of low socioeconomic status. We found that the most effective recruitment strategies reflect the common cultural values of personalismo, simpátia, confianza, respeto, and familismo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study sought to determine whether (a) Hispanic nurses differ in assessment and management of pain for Hispanic versus non-Hispanic patients and (b) relationships exist between measures of acculturation and Hispanic nurses’ assessment and pain management. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional correlation design study used three survey instruments to identify Hispanic nurses’ cultural beliefs and how they approach pain management in clinical settings. Results: The average nurse had inadequate knowledge. However, a sample strength was accurate pain assessment for both non-Hispanic and Hispanic patients; they had higher pain management decision-making scores for Hispanic patients. Conclusion: Results are consistent with empirical findings that nurses in general have inadequate knowledge of pain management, with important implications regarding needing further research and training in this area. Implications for Practice: Future research should examine whether other ethnic groups are more likely to make correct decisions in pain management for members of their ethnic group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood obesity affects approximately 20% of U.S. preschool children. Early prevention is needed to reduce young children’s risks for obesity, especially among Hispanic preschool children who have one of the highest rates of obesity. Vida Saludable was an early childhood obesity intervention designed to be culturally appropriate for low-income Hispanic mothers with preschool children to improve maternal physical activity and reduce children’s sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. It was conducted at a large southwestern United States urban health center. Presented here are the methods and rationale employed to develop and culturally adapt Vida Saludable, followed by scoring and ranking of the intervention’s cultural adaptations. An empowered community helped design the customized, culturally relevant program via a collaborative partnership between two academic research institutions, a community health center, and stakeholders. Improved health behaviors in the participants may be attributed in part to this community-engagement approach. The intervention’s cultural adaptations were scored and received a high comprehensive rank. Postprogram evaluation of the intervention indicated participant satisfaction. The information presented provides investigators with guidelines, a template, and a scoring tool for developing, implementing, and evaluating culturally adapted interventions for ethnically diverse populations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: To critically analyze the power relations underpinning New Zealand maternity, through analysis of discourses used by Korean migrant mothers. Design: Data from a focus group with Korean new mothers was subjected to a secondary analysis using a discourse analysis drawing on postcolonial feminist and Foucauldian theoretical ideas. Results: Korean mothers in the study framed the maternal body as an at-risk body, which meant that they struggled to fit into the local discursive landscape of maternity as empowering. They described feeling silenced, unrecognized, and uncared for. Discussion and Conclusions: The Korean mothers’ culturally different beliefs and practices were not incorporated into their care. They were interpellated into understanding themselves as problematic and othered, evidenced in their take up of marginalized discourses. Implications for Practice: Providing culturally safe services in maternity requires considering their affects on culturally different women and expanding the discourses that are available. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Incarcerated women are a highly vulnerable population, most of whom have had extremely adverse life experiences. Nurses who work in corrections have significant challenges as they attempt to care in a setting that is focused on punishment. This article focuses on the unique culture of incarceration as it applies to women, along with the common challenges nurses face when caring for these women. Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care and the Sunrise Enabler are discussed as useful tools to assist nurses in providing culture care within the confines of the prison, as well as a means of understanding these women as cultural beings apart from the prison setting. Despite the many security restrictions that exist within the correctional environment, “care” can be provided regardless of the setting. A model case has been developed to show the enormous impact that culture care can have on the lives of many women who face incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: It is well known that intuition ability directly affects patient care quality and outcomes in nursing practice and is therefore an important aspect of nursing education. This study tests the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Scale of Use of Intuition by Nursing Students. Design and Methods: The sample for this methodological study was composed of 250 nursing students. Each item of the scale was translated into Turkish by the researchers and validated for Turkish use. Results: The item–total correlation was between .30 and .56 and its Cronbach α coefficient was .86. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between the level of clinical experience and the total points scored on the physical awareness, emotional awareness, and physical sensations subscales and from the total scale. Conclusions: Based on these results, the Turkish version of the Scale of Use of Intuition by Nursing Students is valid and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: This study built on previous findings and compared the effects of maternal influences on adolescents’ sexual initiation among four racial and ethnic groups: Asian American Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Caucasians. Design/Method: An exploratory, comparative secondary analysis of longitudinal data from 433 Asian American Pacific Islanders, 1,367 African Americans, 1,241 Hispanic Americans, and 4,567 Caucasian adolescents between the ages of 15 and 17 years at Wave 1 was conducted using structural equation modeling. Bronfenbrenner’s Social Ecological Model guided the modeling and analyses. Results: Adolescents’ sexual initiation was significantly associated with mother–adolescent interactions and adolescents’ perceived maternal sexual expectations. Cross-cultural variations are noted and discussed. Conclusions: Nursing interventions designed to delay adolescents’ sexual initiation need to focus on familial and cultural variations associated with mother–adolescent interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose: To explore the political and economic dimensions of diabetes self-management for Mexican American adults. Design and Methods: Critical ethnographic analysis of focus group data from caregivers and adults with diabetes. Findings: Three themes were identified: diabetes self-management is tied to other mental and bodily states, family and neighborhood environments cause stress and prevent diabetes solutions, and hassles of the health care environment subvert self-management. Discussion and Conclusions: Cultural constructs about diabetes merge with social--political forces in explaining diabetes. Implications for Practice: Cultural competence in diabetes care requires attention to the political economy of the disease and advocacy for healthful political and economic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a descriptive report of transcultural nursing discoveries in China. The authors embarked on this study tour led by an experienced transcultural nurse educator which presented a challenging opportunity to discover Chinese culture, lifeways, and health care systems. The authors were challenged to learn about cultural differences and the importance for nurses to use transcultural nursing principles and the Culture Care Theory with research findings about diverse cultures. Leininger's (1991) Theory of Culture Care and Sunrise Model were the conceptual and theoretical guides used to discover the worldview, lifeways, and cultural values of the Chinese people. The Sunrise Model depicts the components of a culture which include worldview, cultural and environmental context, and seven social structure factors. Analysis of these dimensions of the Sunrise Model enabled the authors to discover the important values, beliefs, and lifeways of the Chinese people. Religious and philosophical, kinship and social, political and legal, and economic factors were most important for this culture. In addition culture care expressions, patterns, and practices for health and well being were highly valued by this culture. The Sunrise Model includes diverse health systems which offer generic, folk, and/or professional care. The Chinese culture includes a strong reliance on folk health care systems which persists today. This paper discusses the simultaneous use of folk and professional health care by the Chinese people and implications for transcultural nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]