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Introduction: Cancer remains a significant health burden in Nigeria and requires the efforts of all stakeholders to address it. Little is known about how the worldviews of Nigerian patients with cancer and other institutional factors affect cancer management in Nigeria. This paper draws evidence from an ethnonursing study conducted in a Nigerian cancer care setting. Method: This study adopted a qualitative design using an ethnonursing approach. The study was conducted in one of the primary cancer treatment centers owned by the federal government of Nigeria. Data collection was conducted using participant observation, interviews, and field notes. Data collected were analyzed using NVivo 12 and presented as categories and sub-categories. Results: Analysis yielded two themes and seven sub-themes. The major themes included (1) dominant worldview and (2) institutional/contextual factors. Participants attributed life, living, and death as being controlled by a supreme being. Cancer care was constrained by unfavorable institutional factors such as lack of equipment, staffing, and intensified workload. Discussion: Cancer institutions should provide more cancer care infrastructure that will facilitate the work of nurses and other health care workers. There should be an enabling environment that would attract and retain nurses in the cancer wards. The hospital environment should be made conducive for the cancer care providers, patients with cancer, and their relatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Alcohol consumption has an impact on the frailty, but current research in China lacks a detailed classification of alcohol use. This study aimed to explore the relationship between different drinking patterns and frailty in older adults. Methodology: The data came from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) study, which included older adults (aged ≧ 60). Their demographic data, drinking status, and frailty index were collected in CLHLS. Through logistic regression models to analyze the correlation between alcohol consumption and frailty. Results: A total of 14,931 participants were included in the analysis. The prevalence of frailty was 29.1%, 35.2%, and 14.9% among risk-free, past risky, and now risky drinkers, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, past risky drinking was a risk factor for frailty (p =.003). Discussion: High-risk alcohol consumption is positively correlated with frailty. Prevention and reduction of risky drinking in older adults may help protect them from developing frailty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite the research on a health-disparate population, less is known about the social determinants of health (SDOH) inequities among older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults. This scoping review aimed to explore and summarize what is known in the literature regarding the SDOH among older LGBT adults. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) approach guided this scoping review, which examined 31 articles that included quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies. Data were analyzed by three independent reviewers through a predesigned process of data charting, descriptive summary, and thematic analysis. Results: Older participants were primarily LGBT and LGB. The findings identified four intersecting dimensions of individuals, social, economic, and health care system, contributing to health inequities and poor health outcomes. Conclusion: Given the importance of SDOH for older LGBT adults, stakeholders including health care providers need to better understand the multiple intersecting influences, provide culturally congruent health care, and integrate sources of support into the care of these sexual- and gender-minority older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Comadronas attend most births in rural and urban Guatemala where the maternal mortality rate (MMR) is highest in Latin America. Information has been published regarding rural comadronas' response to obstetrical emergencies. Understanding urban comadronas' response to obstetrical emergencies is essential to addressing Guatemala's MMR. Methods: A total of 17 urban comadronas participated in one, 34-min focus group to share their knowledge, practices, and attitudes regarding obstetrical emergencies. We used the long table to analyze the content to develop a matrix of themes. Results: Five themes emerged. Urban comadronas receive consistent training, have hospital transportation, and feel confident in their knowledge, but they lack equipment and feel hospital providers disrespect them. Still, the joy of attending births outweighs the challenges they face. Discussion: Urban comadronas described a different experience of responding to obstetrical emergencies than rural comadronas. Distinct approaches are needed to provide culturally congruent support for urban and rural comadronas when responding to obstetrical emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Few studies have focused on developing theories to explain caregiving as performed by grandparents who provide care for their grandchildren in any setting. Theory development that is grounded in the experiences and cultural context of those being studied is needed to inform research, subsequent care, and overall well-being, especially of populations that are understudied. Methods: This manuscript was informed by Constructivist Grounded Theory, semi-structured in-depth and individual interviews. Also, three methodological phases were followed: (a) concurrent data collection and analysis procedures, (b) developing categories and relationships among them, and (c) defining the core category and building the substantive theory. Results: The methodological steps involved in generating a substantive theory, the GRAndparent-CarEgiving (GRACE) model, are reported. Discussion: Research, and subsequently the well-being and health care of grandparent-caregivers, needs to be informed by culturally congruent theories that are founded in the experiences and cultural context of the individuals being investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The development of cultural sensitivity is essential for health care professionals but there are few tools to measure this quality in Japan. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale of cultural sensitivity for Japanese health care professionals and examine its reliability and validity. Method: A draft scale was created through conceptual analysis and a questionnaire was completed by 515 health care professionals and 1,322 college students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine suitable scale items and examine model fitness. Results: The four-factor 18-item scale showed acceptable model fitness. Cronbach's α coefficient exceeded.90 and correlation coefficients for criterion-related validity were over.29. Construct validity was confirmed by the significantly higher score of the cross-culturally experienced groups. The intraclass correlation coefficient was.642 (professionals) and.722 (students). Discussion: This reliable and valid scale for Japanese health professionals and college students may be used to evaluate training programs to increase their cultural sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Limited research on experiences of women, who constitute a double vulnerable group in both women and refugee status, regarding sexual and reproductive health. The purpose of this study is to examine the knowledge, beliefs, and cultural practices of Afghan women living in Türkiye regarding sexual and reproductive health. Method: This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted with 18 Afghan refugee women. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. Results: Four themes emerged from interviews: cultural practices and beliefs related to pregnancy and postpartum, use of contraceptive methods, gender-based violence, and access to health services. Conclusions: Afghan women have different cultural practices regarding prenatal, pregnancy, and postpartum and lack of knowledge about sexual and reproductive health. Considering individual differences in sexual and reproductive health, providing sensitive, supportive, and informative services is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Educators require focused training to foster the development of intercultural competence in nurses. Training programs for educators need to be based on a comprehensive profile with a focus on intercultural learning. This study aims to define and validate a profile of the Intercultural Nursing Educator (INE). Method: The Delphi method was used with an iterative, multi-stage process to transform opinions into group consensus. A total of 46 European, African, and American experts from the nursing and intercultural field participated. Inclusion criteria required English at a level of B2, expertise in the field of intercultural competence, experience in teaching intercultural competence in the nursing context, and publications focused on intercultural topics. Results: The INE profile was developed and all 126 competencies were validated. Discussion and conclusion: The profile is freely available on the project website and provides the basis for curricula, training programs and assessment of the required competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]