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Ultraviolet emission from a 5.1-km/s re-entry bow shock was measured in a sounding rocket experiment launched from the Barking Sands Research Range (Kauai, Hawaii) in February 1991 at 14:30 GMT. Optical data were obtained on the downleg portion of the flight as the pay load descended from 115 to 62 km in a very shallow trajectory at a nearly constant speed. The intensity of the ultraviolet spectrum (A200-400 nm), and the vacuum ultraviolet resonance radiation emitted by atomic oxygen and hydrogen at A130.4 nm and A121.5 nm, respectively, were measured. Data from optical instruments in the 200-400-nm spectral region is presented here. Langmuir probe measurements provided data on the total plasma density and electron temperature in the boundary layer over a limited altitude range.

The ultraviolet spectrum (200-400 nm) of the plumes generated by the second- and third-stage engines of a Strypi XI rocket and of the Mach 17 re-entry bow shock were obtained by a sounding rocket experiment launched from the Barking Sands Research Range (Kauai, Hawaii) on February 18, 1991, at 14:30 GMT. The re-entry optical data were obtained as the payload descended from 120 to 65 km with a vehicle velocity of 5.1 km/s. The intensities of the vacuum ultraviolet resonance radiation emitted by atomic oxygen and hydrogen in the bow shock at 130.4 and 121.5 nm, respectively, were also measured. Complementary Langmuir probe measurements provided data on the total plasma density and electron temperature in the boundary layer.

Comparison is made between the results obtained from a state-of-the-art thermochemical nonequilibrium flowfield and radiation code and data obtained from a recent experiment. The experiment obtained the first measurements of ultraviolet radiation from the shock-heated gas in the nose region of a 0.1016-m nose radius vehicle traveling at about 3.5 km/s at altitudes between 37-75 km. The preflight computations agree at low altitudes but underpredict the data at high altitudes. Postflight flowfield and radiation sensitivity studies suggest improvements for the models at high altitudes. Specifically, excitation mechanisms that contribute to production of NO gamma-band emission need to be revised. Altitude dependence of the radiation observed from the OH radical can be understood in terms of nonequilibrium chemistry in the flow.

The ultraviolet spectrum, atomic oxygen 130.4-nm radiation intensity, total plasma density, and electron temperature of a Mach 12 bow shock were obtained by a sounding rocket experiment launched from the Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) on April 25, 1990 at 12:32 a.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST). A two-stage, Terrier Malamute rocket which attained an apogee of 720 km was used in this experiment. Optical data in the 200400-nm wavelength range were obtained from 37 to 75 km at a vehicle velocity of 3.5 km/s at various locations on the 0.1016-m radius hemispherical dome. Electron probe and VUV OI 130.4-nm measurements were obtained near nose cone ejection at 37 km. This article presents a discussion of the instruments used and the key data obtained.