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The energy efficiency (EnE) and exergy efficiency (ExE) investigations of passive and active inclined solar still (PISS and AISS) are presented in this work. The PISS produced maximum EnE and ExE of 40.21 and 2.88% and the AISS produced maximum EnE and ExE of 48.38 and 6.71%, respectively. The distilled water production, EnE, ExE of the AISS is 47, 16.89, and 57.08% higher than that of the PISS. The daily power generation from the photovoltaic (PV) panel in the PISS is 69 W, and that in the AISS is 52 W. The daily electrical efficiency of the PV panel in the PISS is 9.17%, while that in the AISS is 7.20%. Moreover, the daily average overall EnE, daily average overall ExE, and economic analysis of the PISS and the AISS are calculated. The daily overall EnE and ExE of the system are higher in the case of AISS in comparison to the PISS. The overall daily EnE and ExE of the AISS are 5.24 and 29.63% higher as compared to the PISS. Also, the cost of yield production is noted to be cheaper in AISS (0.018 $/L) when compared to the PISS (0.029 $/L). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript aims to analyze the passive inclined solar panel basin (PISPB) still at diversified flow rate of water (mf). The freshwater collected from the solar still for different mf at 4.68, 7.56 and 10.08 kg h−1 is 3.7, 2.7 and 1.6 kg, respectively. Results showed that at higher flow condition, the still energy and exergy efficiency decreases and it is estimated as 36.06, 25.56 and 16.95% and 2.97, 1.91 and 1.01%, respectively, for flow rates of 4.68, 7.56 and 10.08 kg h−1. Results revealed that electrical, thermal and exergy efficiency of photovoltaic panel increases under higher flow condition and it is found as 8.05, 8.81 and 9.44%, 11.43, 20.8 and 22.17 and 19.38, 20.58 and 21.16% for mass flow rates of (mf) 4.68, 7.56 and 10.08 kg h−1, respectively. When the mf increases, there is a decrease in the PISPB still distilled water production rate, thermal and exergy efficiency, and there is an increase in power production, electrical, thermal and exergy efficiency through the photovoltaic panel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]