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The efficacy of hormone therapy (HT) on dry eye syndrome remains debatable.To study the efficacy of HT on dry eye syndrome.A randomized controlled, double blind, parallel group, community-based study in 42 post-menopausal patients was conducted. The patients had dry eye syndrome and were not taking any medications. They were assigned to one of two groups. Group A comprised 21 patients given transdermal 17 beta-estradiol (50 mg/day) and medroxy progesterone acetate (2.5 mg/day) continuously for three months and group B comprised 21 patients given both transdermal and oral placebo. Participants in the study were included for final analysis. The improvement of dry eye symptoms were measured by visual analog scale, tear secretion, intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, and tear breakup time determined before treatment and at 6 and 12 weeks of treatment.At 12 weeks, the number of patients who reported improvement of dry eye symptoms was greater in the HT group than that in the placebo group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.04-2.80 and 0.60, 95% CI 0.33-2.03 in right and left eye, respectively). For other parameters, there was no significant difference between the two groups.According to the present study, there is no strong evidence to support the use of HT for treating dry eye syndrome. The limited number of participants included in the present study may have contributed to the insignificant effects.

To determine the prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in menopausal women.Prospective Descriptive study.Menopausal clinic and gynecological outpatient unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University.Menopausal women attending the menopausal clinic and gynecological outpatient unit.Between April 23 and July 15, 2004, 229 menopausal women were interviewed by pre-validated questionnaire and in-depth interview to determine the prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence.The average age of the study group was 55.8 years. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 38.86%, the most common type was mixed urinary incontinence (82.02%) followed by stress urinary incontinence (12.36%), and urge urinary incontinence (5.62%). The risk factors of urinary incontinence were vaginal delivery, menopause before 50 years old, and postmenopausal women who had never used hormone therapy.The prevalence of urinary incontinence in menopausal women was 38.86%. Mixed urinary incontinence was the most common type. Associated risk factors were vaginal delivery, menopause before 50 years old, and postmenopausal women who had never used hormone therapy.

To study lipid profile of menopausal women with hormone therapy.Two hundred and sixty eight menopausal women in good health conditions, separated into natural and surgical menopause group, received service at Menopausal clinic in Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University since 1996-2004. They regularly took a single type of hormone therapy for about 12 months and obtained blood cholesterol levels for pre- and post-hormone therapy of about 12 months period. The data were analyzed with SPSS v. 10.0.5.The average age of the sample groups were 50.91 +/- 5.93 years and 52.83 +/- 5.28 respectively. Both sample groups have similar mean level of cholesterol levels during pretreatment period. Surgical menopausal group has greater HDL level than the naturally menopausal group with the average level of 64.24 +/- 15.32 mg/ dl. and 58.80 +/- 17.20 mg/dl. respectively. However after taking hormone therapy, blood cholesterol level was significantly changed in both groups. The mean level of LDL decreased (8.59% and 11.49% respectively) and mean level of HDL increased (15.43% and 6.89% respectively).Hormone therapy in menopausal women can improve cholesterol levels by decreasing LDL and increasing HDL with statistical significance (p0.05).