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Climate change are known to have had enormous impacts on plant phenology and thus to have damage on other species which are interacted within ecosystem. In Korea, however, it is difficult to analyze the relationship between climate and phenology due to the limitation of measurement data of plant phenological records. In this study, to be effective analysis of SOG(start of growing season), we used phenological transition dates by using satellite data. Then, we identified the most influential variable in variation of SOG throughout the relationship between SOG and temperature factors. As a result, there is a strong correlation between the SOG and April temperature, TSOGmin(, 12days). This study is expected to be used for predicting plant phenological change using climate change scenario data.

Vegetation phenology is the most important indicator of ecosystem response to climate change. Therefore it is necessary to continuously monitor forest phenology. This paper analyzes the phenological characteristics of forests in South Korea using the MODIS vegetation index with error from clouds or other sources removed using the HANTS algorithm. After using the HANTS algorithm to reduce the noise of the satellite-based vegetation index data, we were able to confirm that phenological transition dates varied strongly with altitudinal gradients. The dates of the start of the growing season, end of the growing season and the length of the growing season were estimated to vary by +0.71day/100m, -1.33day/100m and -2.04day/100m in needleleaf forests, +1.50day/100m, -1.54day/100m and -3.04day/100m in broadleaf forests, +1.39day/100m, -2.04day/100m and -3.43day/100m in mixed forests. We found a linear pattern of variation in response to altitudinal gradients that was related to air temperature. We also found that broadleaf forests are more sensitive to temperature changes compared to needleleaf forests.

The purpose of this study is to assess the green environment on urban space and to suggest the sustainable green space planning. The study area is Dalseo-gu which has the biggest spatial imbalance of green space among 7 districts of Daegu. Three functions such as nature-ecological, environment-control, and usage function were 2014년 1월 7일 접수 Received on January 7, 2013 / 2014년 3월 21일 수정 Revised on March 21, 2014 / 2014년 3월 27일 심사완료 Accepted on March 27, 2014 * 이 논문은 2012학년도 대구대학교 신임교수학술연구비지원에 의한 논문(20120693)이며, 주저자의 박사학위논문 일부 를 수정ᆞ보완한 것임. 1 대구대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Daegu University 2 경북대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University 3 창원대학교 환경공학과 Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University 4 동국대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dongguk University ※ Corresponding Author E-mail : sgjung@knu.ac.kr An Integrated Assessment of Green Environment on Urban Space 16 established for assessing the green environment. For the assessment step of nature-ecological function,‘green connectivity’and‘animal movement’were used. Also,‘thermal environment’and‘temperature decrease’were utilized in terms of environment-control function and‘green space’s service supply’were utilized in terms of usage function. According to the results of integrated assessment, the green rich zone(Grade I) was 44.8% of total area in Dalseo and this zone was distributed along the southern forest of Mt. Ap and Mt. Biseul and the northern forest of Mt. Gung and Mt. Waryong. On the other hand, the green broken zone(Grade IV) was located in the residential areas of Gamsam and Jukjeon and the residential and industrial areas of Wolseong 1 and Jincheon and this zone was 5.5% of total area. The findings from this study can be used as the plan criteria for construction and distribution of green space in urban master plan.

This research measures and compares on-site net radiation energy, air temperature, wind speed, and surface temperature considering various spatial characteristics with a focus on land use types in urban areas in Changwon, Southern Gyeongsangnam-do, to analyze the accuracy of an ENVI-met model, which is an analysis program of microclimate. The on-site measurement was performed for three days in a mobile measurement: two days during the daytime and one day during the nighttime. The analysis using the ENVI-met model was also performed in the same time zone as the on-site measurement. The results indicated that the ENVI-met model showed higher net radiation than the on-site measurement by approximately during the daytime whereas the latter showed higher net radiation energy by approximately during the nighttime. The temperature was found to be much higher by approximately in the on-site measurement during both the daytime and nighttime. The on-site measurement also showed higher surface temperature than the ENVI-met by approximately . In terms of the wind speed, there was a significant difference between the results of the ENVI-met model and on-site measurement. As for the correlation between the results of the ENVI-met model and on-site measurement, the temperature showed significantly high correlation whereas the correlations for the net radiation energy, surface temperature, and wind speed were very low. These results appear to be affected by excessive or under estimation of solar and terrestrial radiation and climatic conditions of the surrounding areas and characteristics of land cover. Hence, these factors should be considered when applying these findings in urban and environment planning for improving the microclimate in urban areas.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal comfort in Yeongnam area using climatic data and GIS data in order to determine regions necessary to improve thermal environment policies. The results of the calculated PET show that Daegu city is high and Bonghwa-gun is low compared to other regions. PET was compared with the typical classification according to regional characteristics. As a result, PET value of rural areas such as Changnyeong-gun, Haman-gun and Goryeong-gun was high but Green space was too low compared to other rural areas. Yeongnam area was classified according to the value of PET using cluster analysis. As a result, more low grade areas show that green space ratio was low and facility area was high. It is determined that there is a relationship between thermal comfort and land cover. The thermal comfort evaluation map in Yeongnam area will be useful for urban planning in order to establish a sustainable city in climate change.

This study was conducted to analyze the thermal comfort in the urban neighborhood 2013년 11월 12일 접수 Received on November 12, 2013 / 2013년 12월 10일 수정 Revised on December 10, 2013 / 2013년 12월 26일 심사완료 Accepted on December 26, 2013 * 본 논문은 2013년 한국지리정보학회 추계학술대회에 발표된 것으로서 주저자의 석사학위논문의 일부를 수정·보완한 것임. 1 경북대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University 2 대구대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Daegu University 3 창원대학교 환경공학과 Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University ※ Corresponding Author E-mail : sgjung@knu.ac.kr An Evaluation of Thermal Comfort on Urban Neighborhood Park for Improving Thermal Environment 154 park and to obtain a plan for improvement of the thermal environment. First, in the result of the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the park's main thermal environment factors and differences among types of space, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed did not show a clear difference spatially. However, the median radiant temperature showed great differences according to the openness of the space and the covering material. According to the evaluation of thermal comfort by types of space based on derived thermal environmental factors, the PMV value of the square was the highest at 4.39, the paths showed 2.58, greenery 1.90, and resting spaces 0.42. In the result of the PMV regression model established for the evaluation of the significance of these thermal environment factors that decide thermal comfort, it showed that the relative significance to the PMV was as follows in decreasing order: median radiant temperature(1.084), wind speed(-0.280), temperature(0.013), and relative humidity(-0.009). When conducting a scenario analysis on the areas with need for improvement in thermal environment, it was found that through reflectivity, color and the change in the physical properties of packing materials the thermal comfort felt by the body could be improved, and it is believed that through this the improvement plan can be established.

The purpose of this study is to estimate air purification effectiveness considering the improvement of its methods related atmospheric environment. The air purification effectiveness is estimated in Daegu, one out of Korean Metropolitan cities because air pollution is getting serious in a heavily urbanized area. The absorption of pollutants is calculated by considering spatial heterogeneity that was not considered previous studies and the spatial resolution of air dispersion modeling is also improved by kriging method. According to the type and distribution of urban forest, total 26 kinds of plant communities were distributed with Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community and other kinds of communities in the study area. In the results of estimating the absorption amount for identification of the air purification effectiveness on urban forest, the annual absorption amount was total 108,155t/yr. Also, the annual absorption amounts of and were total 183.5 ton and 410.2 ton respectively. The findings from this study can confirm the differences of pollutant absorption by concentration that could not identify if spatial distribution of pollutant concentration had not been considered.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the imbalance of green space using various spatial analysis methods and to establish the management zone for green space with service supply in the aspect of its use in Daegu. The total green space of Daegu is 48,936.1ha which is the second among 7 metropolitan cities of Korea. According to the imbalance analysis of green space, the Gini`s coefficient based on the area was not high, on the other hand, the Gini`s coefficient based on the population was high by above 0.6. According to an evaluation of service supply of green space in Dalseo-gu, the area within about 100m around large green space was supplied with green spaces of above /pop. On the other hand, the area such as Sangin, Jukjeon, and Yongsan was not almost supplied with green space. Finally, `Rich zone`, `Fair zone`, `Poor zone`, and Broken zone` could be established based on the service supply for the management direction of green space. The findings from this study can be used as the basic data for selecting the construction priority of new green spaces.

The purpose of this study is to establish the evaluation model through the systematic process of selecting the indicators and to evaluate the environmental-control function on forest using GIS in Deagu for the sustainable forest planning. The 35 indicators as basic items were selected by literature review and those were squeezed into the 29 2011년 9월 27일 접수 Received on September 27, 2011 / 2011년 10월 24일 수정 Revised on October 24, 2011 / 2011년 10월 31일 심사완료 Accepted on October 31, 2011 1 텍사스 A&M 대학교 조경 . 도시계획학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University 2 경북대학교 조경학과 Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Kyungpook National University ※ 연락저자 E-mail : sgjung@knu.ac.kr GIS를 활용한 산림녹지의 환경조절적 기능 평가/이우성.정성관 103 indicators through expert brainstorming. Also, the 8 indicators to evaluate environmental-control function were selected by the first survey and the 5 final indicators such as carbon sink, temperature decrease, wind formation, water circulation, air purification were determined by MCB analysis using the second survey. The evaluation model was established through the weight of each indicator by AHP analysis using the third survey. According to the result of evaluating the environmental-control function on forest, the functions around the top area of Mt. Ap, Mt. Biseul, Mt. Palgong had more than 66 scores. On the other hand, the functions around Mt. Waryong and forest of Chilgok in Buk-gu had less than 40 scores. It is necessary to improve the function through the sustainable restoration and management in case of forest that the environmental-control function was lower. Furthermore, these results will be able to be utilized as basic data in order to establish the preservation area and control development area at the urban, environmental, and forest planning.