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我国の自然歩道システムに資する目的で, 総延長14万kmに達する英国の自然歩道システムと維持・管理の実態について調査した。通行権 (Right of Way) は歴史的な慣行として存在したが, 1949年に法律で規定され, 1968年法でほぼ確立された。これにより自然歩道は政府の田園地域委員会の管轄下で, 地方自治体や農地所有者等の協力で良好に維持管理されることになった。農家の無理解や市民のマナー欠如等の問題がある中で, 田園地域委員会は維持管理に対する費用の補填, 国民に対する啓発事業, BTCV等のボランティア組織に対する管理委託など, 重要なレクリエーションの場である自然歩道ネットワークの維持・拡大に努めていることが明らかとなった。

近郊レクリエーション林の園路密度の大小はその収容力を左右する。欧州や日本での近郊林調査の結果から森林の主機能・位置・規模等に規定され多様な園路密度をもつ4タイプの近郊林を類型化した。第1の近郊林型は居住地近辺の大緑地やレクリエーション専用林で非常に高い園路密度150-250m/haをもつ。第2の近郊林型は都市林, 経済林を兼ねる都市近接林で75-120m/haの高密度園路網をもつ。第3の型は都市周辺から近郊に至る平坦地の林業優先の大規模国有林や中低山帯の近郊林で, 中程度の園路密度25-40m/haをもつ。第4の近郊林タイプは自然環境や景観保全目的の都市林や, 経済林を兼ねる大規模平地林等で園路密度は低く10-25m/ha程度である。

快適な歩行空間の創出に関する知見を得る事を目的として, 歩道の環境要因と歩行者の通行特性との相互依存関係を考察した。その結果,(1) 歩道幅員が広いほど歩行の為に用いられない空間が大きい。(2) 街路樹は歩行者流を車道側に引き寄せる効果があり, 低木を併用するとその効果が更に強まる。(3) 歩行者の到着過程が歩行状況の快適性を示す指標になり得り等の事が判り, これらの知見により快適な歩道環境についての提言を行った。

This dissertation is one of the human scales about the curvature of footpath connected with the previous report.(2) In this paper, we try to clear the pattern of footpath relating to human scales. Here we have various examples of footmarks which were surveyed at a seashore as in Fig. 1-5. From these materials, we have the following conclusions after the investigation on the so-called “slalom” maintained by P. J. GRILLO (1960).(1)1. As is analogized from Fig. 6-7 in which 53 out of 93 examples can be superposed one upon another, human motion in walking is similar to the pattern of wave-motion repeating a directional change periodically. In order to define its standard form, each of wave-length, amplitude, and etc. is measured and treated statistically.Estimated results: with 99% confidence level, 1/2 wave-length=23.96±1.19≅24m.amplitude=4.24±0.24≅4m.By the aid of above-mentioned numerical values, a standard pattern of human motion in walking pace is shown in Fig. 8 which is modified for the reason that they are induced from samples left on the sands giving us some difficulty in controlling our legs. And this pattern approximately satisfies the previous proposed equation;namely, 39-δ=13.5Log.(R-5.8).In this case, the angle of changing direction (δ) is 18°54' and its radius of curvature (R) is 37m.2. Checking the remaining 40 examples, we can find out many samples whose pattern are nearly rectilinear in spite of irregularity, with these concrete cases, it shall be assumed that man has always an intention of walking straight so long as he does not turn consciously. On the other hand, in the supplemental experiments of blindfold subjects ordered to go straight on, it was observed that every one was inclined to walk along with a certain curvature.From these facts described above, we may conclude that “slalom” are produced as the result of the interaction of two potential factors, that is, the directional-intention and the bodily-inclination.

Various wards have been said as to the necessity of human scales in a landscape design. But we can hardly find the numbers applicable to our design.We have also many assertions and researches about the forms of human footpath, put we are scarcely possible to find its concrete numbers. This dissertation is one of the human scales about the forms of human footpath applicable to our landscape design. This is a research of human radius in proportion to the change of direction. Here are a few example which are surveyed as in Fig. 1-9, but from these materials, I can reduce the following equation.39-δ=13.5 log (R-5.8)R = curve redius, its unit: meterδ=directional angle, its unit: degreeFrom this equation, I can easily have Table 2. An example, the sharp corners of the footpath being made round, may be shown as in Fig. 13 by the practical application of the above-mentioned eqnation or Table2.