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Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa var. vulgaris L.), a variant of the C. sativa plant, is an important industrial crop. Industrial hemp is one of the oldest crops plants know to humans. Hemp is very sensitive to environmental conditions, diseases, and pests. Environmentally stressed plants become predisposed to diseases. Diseases of Cannabis are caused by biotic (bacteria, fungi, viruses, viroids, phytoplasmas) or abiotic (nutrient deficiencies) sources. Cannabis species suffer over 100 diseases. Disease prevalence is also varied by geography and climate. Serious fungal diseases on hemp include gray mold, hemp canker, damping off, assorted leaf spots, blights, root rots. Important bacterial diseases include bacterial blight, wilt, crown gall, striatura ulcerosa, and xanthomonas leaf spot. In Cannabis cultivars were reported including the diseases caused by Hemp streak virus (HSV), Hemp mosaic virus (HMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). Important diseases affecting the hemp crop along with their symptoms, means of movement and dispersal, and management are briefly summarized in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out in Muş province and its districts in order to determine the health management practices in dairy cattle farms. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 346 business owners in Muş Province and its districts. Cross-tables were made by using SPSS package program and the relations between position and feature were determined by chi-square analysis. Diseases seen in enterprises according to the frequency are the toenail 55.2%, brucella 21.4%, alum 61.2% and none 15.9% were found. Almost all of the enterprises (92.5%) have protective vaccination. Vaccines in enterprises were found to be 91.8%, brucella 71.3%, thleriosis 17.1%, anthrax 24.3% and pneumonia 4.5%. Almost all of the enterprises receive veterinary services and 61.5% of the enterprises receive veterinary care when the disease is seen and 38.5% regularly. The rate of mastitis was determined as 64.7% in the cows raised in enterprises. Methods of understanding mastitis of enterprises are redness (46.4%), fever (22.6%) and inflammation (75.4%). The rate of making septicemia vaccination to calves was 46.6%. Diarrhea problem in calves in enterprises is seen in 66.6%. The fact that other diseases, especially the screed, is seen despite the vaccination, suggests that the feeding and shelter conditions should be improved. Furthermore, it is necessary to establish awareness that will enable veterinarians to receive regular services, not to see the disease, and to promote preventive medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]