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Fuel consumption in the world is increasing at alarming rate as well as the fossil fuels prices are increasing day by day and they will be depleted within few decades. So increase in efficiency of the engines is demanded without compromising the performance and environmental concerns. This work deals with the study, simulation and optimization of IC Engine using a semi-empirical IC engine model called as "RK model". The study comprises comparison of results from experiments and simulation for validation and finds the optimal point of fuel injection timing and fuel flow rate intended for maximum of IMEP to a fuel inlet rate, which is the direct measure of combustion efficiency. The study shows that for a given engine, the fuel injection timing of 200 bTDC and fuel flow rate of 0.6 kg / hr gives a highest optimal value for the ratio of IMEP-indicated mean effective pressure to fuel inlet rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid polymer composites are widely used in many engineering applications such as construction, automotive and aviation due to their superior properties. In the present experimental study, hand-layup followed by compression moulding process were used to fabricate the Unidirectional jute/carbon fiber reinforced polyester composites (UDJCFRPC) in three different (10, 20 and 30) wt% in the polyester matrix. Wear tests under dry sliding condition were conducted with the sliding velocity in the range of 2.62 - 4.7 m/s and with the loads in the range of 20 - 60N. Wear tests were conducted using Pin-on-Disc apparatus (PoD) and to optimize the combination of fiber weight fraction, sliding velocity and load conditions for the relevant applications, Box Behnken (BB) method of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments was used. It was observed that Coefficient of Friction (COF) decreases with the increase in load and wear increases with the increase in the load of the composites. Frictional Force was found to be increasing with the increase in the load. The morphology of wear composite specimens has been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the wear mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]