1. Relationship between Aerosols, Hail Microphysics, and ZDR Columns
- Author
-
Jeffrey C. Snyder, Eyal Ilotoviz, Alexander V. Ryzhkov, and A. P. Khain
- Subjects
Convection ,Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Microphysics ,Meteorology ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Differential reflectivity ,01 natural sciences ,Bin ,020801 environmental engineering ,law.invention ,Aerosol ,law ,Middle latitudes ,Environmental science ,Vertical velocity ,Radar ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Mechanisms of formation of differential reflectivity columns are investigated in simulations of a midlatitude summertime hailstorm with hailstones up to several centimeters in diameter. Simulations are performed using a new version of the Hebrew University Cloud Model (HUCM) with spectral bin microphysics. A polarimetric radar forward operator is used to calculate radar reflectivity and differential reflectivity ZDR. It is shown that ZDR columns are associated with raindrops and with hail particles growing in a wet growth regime within convective updrafts. The height and volume of ZDR columns increases with an increase in aerosol concentration. Small hail forming under clean conditions grows in updrafts largely in a dry growth regime corresponding to low ZDR. Characteristics of ZDR columns are highly correlated with vertical velocity, hail size, and aerosol concentration.
- Published
- 2018