1. Challenges and Special Aspects of Pulmonary Hypertension in Middle- to Low-Income Regions
- Author
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Zahra Hoodbhoy, Karen Sliwa, Katharina Meinel, Hannes Sallmon, Werner Budts, Georg Hansmann, Pcsi, Ana Olga Mocumbi, Ganna D. Radchenko, Babar Hasan, Martin Koestenberger, R. Krishna Kumar, Zhi-Cheng Jing, and Alexandra Heath
- Subjects
Low income ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart disease ,Adult patients ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,State of the art review ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Pulmonary hypertension ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Lung transplantation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Left heart disease ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Limited resources - Abstract
Challenges and special aspects related to the management and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in middle- to low-income regions (MLIRs) range from late presentation to comorbidities, lack of resources and expertise, cost, and rare options of lung transplantation. Expert consensus recommendations addressing the specific challenges for prevention and therapy of PH in MLIRs with limited resources have been lacking. To date, 6 MLIR-PH registries containing mostly adult patients with PH exist. Importantly, the global prevalence of PH is much higher in MLIRs compared with high-income regions: group 2 PH (left heart disease), pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with unrepaired congenital heart disease, human immunodeficiency virus, or schistosomiasis are highly prevalent. This consensus statement provides selective, tailored modifications to the current PH guidelines to address the specific challenges faced in MLIRs, resulting in the first pragmatic and cost-effective consensus recommendations for PH care providers, patients, and their families.
- Published
- 2020