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Monoplayer arrays of a series of meso-tetra-substituted porphyrins containing octadecyloxy and carboxyl (or pyridyl) groups are prepared on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface at the liquid/solid interface. Specifically substituted porphyrins can produce a variety of surface patterns.

The intermolecular structure of the molecular cyclodextrin (CyD) necklace, driven by hydrogen bonding was analyzed by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), on a molecular level for the first time. The formation ratio of the tail-to-tail and head-to-tail conformations due to the primary-primary and primary-secondary hydrogen bonding of CyDs is evaluated.

Scanning tunneling microscopy has shown the reorientation of one of the marocyclic rings of the double-decker porphyrin complex between scans when the other ring is fixed on a surface. The libration is seen by monitoring the location of the appended ferrocene unit, which has functioned as a molecular beacon signaling its position.

Several studies are conducted to explain the properties and the molecular motion of the various surface-immobilized double-decker phthalocyanine complexes. The discussed molecular motion is shown to be highly controlled by the different combinations of the molecules consisting of double-decker complexes.

Scanning tunneling microscope manipulation of cyclodextrin necklace is described.

The article presents a study which visualizes the rotational libration of individual molecule-based macrocyclic ring in a double-decker porphyrin. It mentions that the study made use of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to carry put the observation of double-decker complexes as well as the mixture of STM images and [CE(C22OPP)(TPP-Fc)] and H2(C22OPP). The result show varying rate constant and orientational changes caused by the position of the STM tip.