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Background: We compared body mass index (BMI), body fat, and skeletal muscle mass between (1) a mixed-sex nonathletic cohort of people with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free people, and (2) a nonathletic cohort of people with PFP and pain-free people subgrouped by sex (i.e., men and women with PFP vs. pain-free men and women)., Methods: This cross-sectional study included 114 people with PFP (71 women, 43 men) and 54 pain-free controls (32 women, 22 men). All participants attended a single testing session to assess body composition measures, which included BMI, percentage of body fat (%BF Bioimpedance ), and skeletal muscle mass (both assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis), and percentage of body fat (%BF Skinfold ) (assessed by skinfold caliper analysis). A one-way univariate analysis of covariance (age and physical activity levels as covariates) was used to compare body composition measures between groups (i.e., PFP vs. pain-free group; women with PFP vs. pain-free women; men with PFP vs. pain-free men)., Results: Women with PFP presented significantly higher BMI, %BF Bioimpedance , and %BF Skinfold , and lower skeletal muscle mass compared to pain-free women (p ≤ 0.04; effect size : ‒0.47 to 0.85). Men with PFP and men and women combined had no differences in BMI, %BF Bioimpedance , %BF Skinfold , and skeletal muscle mass compared to their respective pain-free groups (p > 0.05)., Conclusion: Our findings indicate that BMI and body composition measures should be considered as part of the evaluation and management of people with PFP, especially in women, who have demonstrated higher BMI and body fat and lower skeletal muscle mass compared to pain-free controls. Future studies should not assess body composition measures in a mixed-sex population without distinguishing men participants from women participants., (Copyright © 2021. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)

Purpose: This study aimed to (a) investigate the proportion of overweight/obesity in a cohort of young adults with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and (b) explore the association of body mass index (BMI), body fat, and lean mass with functional capacity and hip and knee strength in people with PFP., Methods: We included a mixed-sex sample of young adults (18-35 years old) with PFP (n = 100). Measurements for BMI, percentage of body fat, and lean mass (assessed by bioelectrical impedance) were obtained. Functional capacity was assessed by the Anterior Knee Pain Scale, plank test, and single-leg hop test. Strength of the knee extensors, knee flexors, and hip abductors was evaluated isometrically using an isokinetic dynamometer. The proportion of overweight/obesity was calculated based on BMI. The association between BMI, body fat, and lean mass and functional capacity and strength was investigated using partial correlations, followed by hierarchical regression analysis, adjusted for covariates (sex, bilateral pain, and current pain level)., Results: A total of 38% of our cohort had their BMI categorized as overweight/obese. Higher BMI was associated with poor functional capacity (ΔR 2  = 0.06-0.12, p ≤ 0.001) and with knee flexion strength only (ΔR 2  = 0.04, p = 0.030). Higher body fat was associated with poor functional capacity (ΔR 2  = 0.05-0.15, p ≤ 0.015) and reduced strength (ΔR 2  = 0.15-0.23, p < 0.001). Lower lean mass was associated with poor functional capacity (ΔR 2  = 0.04-0.13, p ≤ 0.032) and reduced strength (ΔR 2  = 0.29- 0.31, p < 0.001)., Conclusion: BMI, body fat, and lean mass should be considered in the assessment and management of young people with PFP because it may be detrimental to function and strength., (Copyright © 2021. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Developing context-specific, evidence-informed, and implementable injury-prevention programs is challenging. Women playing in the elite Australian Football League for Women are at high risk of serious knee injuries, and no specific injury-prevention program exists. The objective of the study was to describe the collaborative process used to create a context-specific injury-prevention program., Methods: A previously used intervention-development process was modified to incorporate a partnership with the sport's governing organization and focus on engaging program implementers. The Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) Sports Setting Matrix guided program development and implementation strategies., Results: The 7-step process, aligned with the RE-AIM Sports Setting Matrix, was applied to develop the injury-prevention program and was titled Prep to Play PRO. The steps were: (Step 1) gaining organizational support and establishing a project partnership; (Step 2) using research evidence and clinical experience; (Step 3) consulting content and context experts; (Step 4) engaging the organization, experts, program implementers, and end-users to concreate the intervention and develop implementation strategies; (Step 5) testing the intervention acceptability and feasibility; (Step 6) evaluating the intervention and implementation strategies against theory; and (Step 7) obtaining feedback from early implementers and end-users., Conclusion: Engaging critical stakeholders at multiple ecological levels (organization, team, and athlete) throughout program development and implementation planning support real-world use. The processes and activities described can guide future sports injury-prevention program development and implementation., (Copyright © 2021. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)