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Accessible Summary What Is Known on the Subject? What Does the Paper Add to Existing Knowledge? What Are the Implications for Practice? Introduction Aims Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Dual diagnosis is one of the leading causes of disability globally. Consumers with dual diagnosis have complex needs and are at risk of relapse of their psychiatric symptoms. Mental health nurses require essential skills, including empathy, to manage consumers with dual diagnosis. No studies have explored mental health nurses' empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis. Developing empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis is complex. Mental health nurses' unemotional empathy experiences with consumers with dual diagnosis are related to their lack of ability to connect to their consumers' choices and feelings. Negative attitudes towards consumers with dual diagnosis contributed to nurses' poor empathy experiences. The unemotional responses of mental health nurses can be caused by factors such as novelty, insufficient information, and neutral evaluation of a consumer's situation. The study results benefit researchers, teachers, clinicians, and administrators when designing, developing, and delivering empathy training packages for mental health nurses. Improving the empathy of mental health nurses towards consumers with dual diagnosis should be a top priority for healthcare leaders and educators. A core curriculum containing holistic awareness of the biopsychosocial components of dual diagnosis makes it easier for mental health nurses to understand and develop empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis. Future studies must address the relationship between attitude, stress, burnout, compassion fatigue and empathy among mental health nurses in relation to consumers with dual diagnosis. There is a lack of evidence regarding mental health nurses' empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis.This qualitative study aimed to describe mental health nurses' empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis in Australian mental health settings.Through purposeful sampling, interviews were conducted with 17 mental health nurses who have experience in caring for consumers with dual diagnosis. Thematic analysis, as an inductive approach was used, to generate codes and themes from participant data. To report on this qualitative study, we adhered to the ENTREQ guidelines.Four themes emerged: challenges to develop empathy with consumers, lack of conducive attitude of nurses towards consumers, appraising consumers' emotions accurately and holistically responding to the appraised emotions. The findings indicated that developing empathy towards consumers with dual diagnosis is a complex task.Mental health nurses may struggle to empathize with consumers when encountering confrontational situations. Interventional studies are required to address the relationship between mental health nurses' attitudes, stress, burnout, compassion fatigue and empathy in relation to consumers with dual diagnosis.Understanding why mental health nurses emotional experiences differ about a similar challenging situation experienced by their consumers is vital. Further research on strategies to address empathy issues among mental health nurses could enhance nursing practice and consumer care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the implications for practice Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Adult psychiatric services typically focus on the mental health needs of the client but they do not support his or her parenting role. Many authors highlight the importance of a non‐judgmental approach when providing support and care to clients with mental illness who are parents. Assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of these families were often overlooked. There is a lack of scientific literature exploring nurses' experiences when caring for parents with mental illness and their families. Trust is the basis that helps clients to be open to receiving care and answering parenting‐related questions. Therefore, without adequate professional‐client trust, some care and interventions addressed to parents with mental illness could be poorly received by the client. Tronto's phases of care facilitated the collection of data and exploration of mental health nurses' experiences of care. Mental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, as described in the scientific literature, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique. Mental health nurses must take the person's environment into account (family, social and political aspects and different forms of stigma) since all these factors may influence how parents with mental illness receive and provide care. Many authors highlight the importance of a non‐judgmental approach when providing care to parents with mental illness. However, assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of such families were often overlooked.To explore the lived experiences of mental health nurses who care for clients who are parents.We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study. The main data collection technique was in‐depth interviews. Data were analysed according to Colaizzi model, subsequently, the main categories that arised were compared and related to the five phases of Tronto's care.The main categories identified from the analysis of the interviews were: (1) individualized care, (2) continuity of care, (3) psychoeducation and counselling, (4) trust and (5) context of the client.Trust is the basis that helps parents with mental illness to be open to receiving care and answering parenting‐related questions. Without trust, some interventions could be poorly received by the client.Mental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What Is Known on the Subject? What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge What are the Implications for Practice? Introduction Aim Methods Results Discussion Implications for Practice Mental health care can be delivered remotely through video and telephone consultations. Remote consultations may be cheaper and more efficient than in person consultations. Accessing community mental health care through remote consultations is perceived as not possible or beneficial for all service users. Delivering remote consultations may not be practical or appropriate for all clinicians or community mental health teams. Remote consultation cannot be a ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ model of community mental health care. A flexible approach is needed to offering remote consultation that considers its suitability for the service‐user, service and clinician. Responding to COVID‐19, community mental health teams in the UK NHS abruptly adopted remote consultations. Whilst they have demonstrable effectiveness, efficiency, and economic benefits, questions remain around the acceptability, feasibility and medicolegal implications of delivering community mental health care remotely.To explore perceived advantages, challenges, and practice adaptations of delivering community mental health care remotely.Ten community mental health teams in an NHS trust participated in a service evaluation about remote consultation. Fifty team discussions about remote consultation were recorded April–December 2020. Data analysis used a framework approach with themes being coded within a matrix.Three major horizontal themes of operations and team functioning, clinical pathways, and impact on staff were generated, with vertical themes of advantages, challenges, equity and adaptations.Remote consultation is an attractive model of community mental healthcare. Clinical staff note benefits at individual (staff and service‐user), team, and service levels. However, it is not perceived as a universally beneficial or practical approach, and there are concerns relating to access equality.The suitability of remote consultation needs to be considered for each service‐user, clinical population and clinical role. This requires a flexible and hybrid approach, attuned to safeguarding equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? What the paper adds to existing knowledge? What are the implications for practice? Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Gender‐based violence (GBV) has long‐term devastating effects on psychological health, resulting in depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. Beyond physical and mental health symptoms, GBV can affect survivors on many personal, social, and spiritual levels, impacting their ability to connect to themselves, others, and the world around them. While most research on recovery following GBV has focused on recognizing factors associated with distress or adverse outcomes, there is limited information about how they recover. We know little about the internal characteristics that enable or support the healing journey (factors) or what the survivors do to build capacity or support for health and change (strategies). Therefore, this study discovered the main factors or strategies that GBV survivors used throughout their recovery process which included; social connection, self‐care, self‐understanding and spiritual connection. Mental health nurses always encounter and deal with the GBV survivors as they always suffer from mental health issues related to their trauma. Therefore, mental health nurses can utilize our research findings to establish nursing interventions or psychoeducational programs with the aim of facilitating trauma recovery among the survivors. Gender‐based violence (GBV) is a severe worldwide phenomenon mainly affecting women. Little studies focus on the details of the recovery process that survivors of GBV go through.To identify the enabling factors that facilitate recovery among survivors of GBV.We used the thematic qualitative analysis approach to analyse 20 interviews with the women survivors of GBV.Our study resulted in four factors that survivors used in their recovery process (social connection, self‐care, self‐understanding and spiritual connection).Recovering from an abusive relationship is a social, spiritual, cultural and psychological process. Current study confirmed the positive impact of our identified enabling factors in the recovery process of GBV survivors.The current study illustrates findings that provide a deeper understanding of the journey to recovery following GBV, which can be helpful when guiding and supporting women who have suffered GBV to start and pursue their journey toward recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary What Is Known on the Subject? What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge? What Are the Implications for Practice? Introduction Aim Methods Results Discussion Implications for Practice There are significant issues recruiting nurses into mental health due to several reasons such as dilution of curriculum, and mental health being an unpopular career choice Transition programs provide nurses entering mental health with orientation, academic and clinical skills, and knowledge. Transition programs need to be nuanced to specialty areas (e.g. community) to ensure nurses are given the support necessary to remain working in the field. Many nurses choose to work in mental health due to a lived or personal experience and as such strengthening wellbeing supports for transitioning nurses is an important role in retention. Tailored transition programs can help strengthen mental health nurse role clarity, and support staff retention. Transition programs should be a segue to formal postgraduate studies in mental health nursing to strengthen professional practice and retention of nurses. Globally, there are consistent issues recruiting staff into the mental health nursing workforce. In Australia, recent efforts to expand the workforce include recruitment of a wider range of nurses in addition to new graduates into mental health transition‐to‐practice programs. Understanding the career motivations of nurses entering the field is an important element of recruitment and retention.To describe nurses' satisfaction with their mental health transition program and identify factors influencing their choice of mental health as a career.An online cross‐sectional survey with questions on program satisfaction and career choice was responded to by n = 55 enrolled and registered nurses in a mental health transition program.Nurses reported overall high satisfaction with their program and identified increased time release for professional development and being supernumerary as necessary to support role development. Almost 25% of nurses reported personal experience of mental illness as an influence in choosing a mental health career.Mental health transition programs are important in recruitment and retention and need to be tailored to the needs of a wide range of nurses and include support for staff wellbeing.Tailored transition programs can help strengthen role clarity, and support staff retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? What the paper adds to existing knowledge? What are the implications for practice? Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Mental health nursing is generally viewed as the least attractive career choice among nursing students. Studying in the generic nursing program influence higher desire for a career in mental health nursing. Nursing students who have prior experience working in mental health and have provided care to psychiatric patients are more inclined to express a desire to pursue a career in this field Nursing students enrolled in the generic program, who have previous work experience in mental health or experience caring for a person with a mental illness, and who have a lower level of stigmatizing attitudes, may constitute the future workforce in mental health nursing. Mental health nursing is often perceived as an unattractive career choice among nursing students, and it remains unclear whether the type of nursing program influences this view.This cross‐sectional study aimed to explore the association between stigmatizing attitudes in nursing students and their desire for a career in mental health nursing, comparing students in generic and accelerated programs.A total of 220 nursing students from generic and accelerated programs in North‐Center Israel participated in this cross‐sectional study, completing a questionnaire on stigmatizing attitudes and their interest in a mental health nursing career.Nursing students displayed a generally low desire for mental health nursing, influenced by factors such as enrollment in the generic program, previous mental health work experience and stigmatizing attitudes.Students in the generic program, with lower stigmatizing attitudes and prior mental health experience, exhibited a higher inclination towards mental health nursing.Prospective mental health nursing professionals may be identified in the generic program, particularly those with prior mental health experience and lower stigmatizing attitudes. Additional studies are required to confirm and broaden their applicability to other contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? What the paper adds to existing knowledge? What are the implications for practice? Aim Method Results Conclusion It was previously reported that perceived external locus of control may exacerbate depressive symptoms, is associated with anxiety, boosts stress and general mental distress and weakens resilience against traumatic situations or difficulties. Those with a higher external locus of control are more prone to develop PTSD symptoms since the perceived external locus of control is among the predictors of PTSD. An internal locus of control is considered important in preventing PTSD, although an external locus of control appears to be a variable that causes/increases the prevalence of PTSD. It is known that nurses are deployed in clinical and fieldwork during disaster and assume key roles both interventional practices and psychosocial education. Thus, it is of particular importance for mental health nurses to be aware of the locus of control in themselves, their colleagues, and the community before, during and after disasters to be able to combat the risk/presence of PTSD. The present systematic review explored the impacts of perceived locus of control on PTSD among individuals experiencing disasters.This is a systematic review study carried out through a search of the relevant research published in English over the period December 2021 to April 2022. Accordingly, we sought the studies to review on the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “Child, Children, Adolescent, Adolescence, Adult, Aged, Elderly, Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, Internal‐External Control, Locus of Control, Disasters, Natural Disasters.”A total of 1.011 studies were found in the five databases using the keywords above. Following the exclusions, the remaining six studies were recruited for this systematic review. The six studies in question addressed earthquakes (2), hurricanes (1), wildfires (1), SARS (1) and fireworks explosions (1). In the study with wildfire survivors, there was a weak significant association between external locus of control and PTSD among those directly exposed to the disaster (r = .15, p < .01). The study with survivors of the SARS epidemic demonstrated that those with a high perceived chance (external) locus of control suffered PTSD (p = .001). An internal locus of control is considered important in preventing PTSD, although an external locus of control appears to be a variable that causes/increases the prevalence of PTSD.It was concluded that perceived locus of control is related to PTSD in individuals experiencing a disaster. The additional evidence was that post‐disaster PTSD among those with a high perceived external locus of control is stronger than those with a high perceived internal locus of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? What the paper adds to existing knowledge? What are the implications for practice? Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Quitlines are known to be effective in helping people quit smoking, including those with mental health conditions. It is particularly important to address smoking in this population as the prevalence of smoking ranges from 40% to 75%. However, professionals working in quitlines often face barriers due to their limited training and resources to effectively support these smokers quit, especially if they are not mental health professionals. Therefore, training programmes should be developed to enhance their knowledge and skills in providing smoking cessation support to this vulnerable population.The ‘061 QUIT‐MENTAL study’ evaluated the efficacy of a proactive telephone‐based intervention for smoking cessation among smokers with severe mental health disorders. Conducted through a quitline service in Catalonia, Spain, the study focused on training non‐mental health specialized nurses and other health professionals to provide evidence‐based interventions for promoting smoking cessation among individuals with mental health disorders.The objective of this study is to assess the changes in nurses' knowledge and readiness to treat smokers with mental health conditions, while also capturing their insights and perceptions regarding the facilitators and barriers to providing smoking cessation interventions. The training and insights of the nurses were integral to conducting this research and providing valuable information for the future sustainability of such interventions. This is particularly important as quitlines hold the potential to offer cessation support to these patients at the community level.While the training programme was successful in improving non‐mental health specialized nurses' knowledge and motivation skills to help patients with mental health disorders quit smoking, they encountered obstacles in delivering this intervention over the phone. These difficulties were mainly due to challenges in reaching participants and delivering the intervention as detailed in the protocol. The study highlights the need of reducing barriers for providers in attending to these patients, particularly if they are non‐mental health specialized professionals. By minimizing the stigmatization associated with caring for mentally ill individuals and promoting coordination with specialists, innovative approaches may be introduced to alleviate the burden of tobacco‐related diseases among this population.The viewpoint of those who implement a programme for the first time is crucial for understanding its impact and ensuring its long‐term viability. The 061 QUIT‐MENTAL study was a pragmatic randomized controlled trial evaluating a proactive telephone‐based intervention addressed to mental health patients conducted by non‐psychiatric specialized nurses.We assessed nurses' knowledge of smoking cessation interventions addressed to this population before and after receiving training and their insights after delivering the intervention.Mixed methods study: (1) Pre‐post evaluation to assess self‐reported knowledge, self‐efficacy and opinions about smoking cessation. (2) In‐depth interviews with key nurses to ascertain their perceptions regarding the impact of the training received in delivering the study intervention.The training enhanced nurses' knowledge of psychological and pharmacological resources to aid these patients, as well as their ability to increase their motivation to quit. However, nurses reported difficulties in delivering population‐based interventions to individuals with mental health disorders. These challenges primarily arose from participants being hard to reach, exhibiting low motivation to quit, struggling to comprehend instructions or follow recommendations, and nurses feeling unsure about their capacity to assist individuals with mental illnesses in quitting, despite the training they received.Despite the training and protocol designed to facilitate the delivery of the intervention, nurses faced difficulties in providing population‐based interventions to individuals with mental health disorders.Future quitline programmes aimed at the population with mental health disorders should strive to reduce barriers for providers in attending to these patients, particularly if they are non‐mental health specialized professionals. By minimizing the stigmatization associated with caring for mentally ill individuals and promoting coordination with specialists, innovative approaches may be introduced to alleviate the burden of tobacco‐related diseases among this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the implications for practice Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Mental health wards can feel unsafe. We know that patients and staff have different ideas about what makes a hospital ward safe or unsafe. Patients are often the first to know when the atmosphere on a ward becomes tense, but often, no one asks them for their views. Patients and staff are experts and should be included in discussions about how to make wards safer. We got together with some service users and staff, and made an app that helps patients to tell staff when they are not feeling safe on a mental health ward. We tried it out on six wards and we asked patients and staff what they thought. The app was easy to use and most people liked the look of it. Patients said staff did not talk with them enough and so they liked using the app. However, some staff said they could tell how patients were feeling without an app and so they did not need it. Ward managers told us that staff were often very busy and did not always have time to use the app. This app could help staff know straightaway when patients do not feel safe on the ward, so that they can act quickly to calm things down. To make the most of the app, staff need to get used to it and bring it into ward routines. Safety improvement on mental health wards is of international concern. It should incorporate patient perspectives.Implementation and evaluation of ‘WardSonar’, a digital safety‐monitoring tool for adult acute mental health wards, developed with stakeholders to communicate patients' real‐time safety perceptions to staff.Six acute adult mental health wards in England implemented the tool in 2022. Evaluation over 10 weeks involved qualitative interviews (34 patients, 33 staff), 39 focused ethnographic observations, and analysis of pen portraits.Implementation and evaluation of the WardSonar tool was feasible despite challenging conditions. Most patients valued the opportunity to communicate their immediate safety concerns, stating that staff had a poor understanding of them. Some staff said the WardSonar tool could help enhanced ward safety but recognised a need to incorporate its use into daily routines. Others said they did not need the tool to understand patients' safety concerns.Foreseeable challenges, including staff ambivalence and practical issues, appeared intensified by the post‐COVID‐19 context.The WardSonar tool could improve ward safety, especially from patients' perspectives. Future implementation could support staff to use the real‐time data to inform proactive safety interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known about the subject What the paper adds to existing knowledge What are the implications for practice Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implication for practice Treatment groups in Mental Health Service is cost‐effective, increases patients´ self‐understanding and stimulate change Research shows that people with mental illness have different barriers to attend group sessions which often originates from a lack of trust in other people, but it is known that the possibility to build gradual trust among the participants encourages attendance. This study is based on the experience from outpatients and illuminates how discovery groups from the Tidal Model can be used as introductory sessions to build gradual trust among people with mental illness before engaging in a person‐centred group intervention. The study fills a research gap in methods to create a safe and trusting environment in treatment groups for people with mental illness working with recovery‐oriented person‐centred interventions. This study emphasizes the importance of meeting concerns about social interactions in persons with mental illness when joining treatment groups. It presents a recovery‐oriented method which meets this requirement and is easy to implement in practice. Recovery‐oriented interventions delivered individually or in groups are more and more common within mental health nursing. However, persons with mental illness may be cautious about engaging in groups. Therefore, it is important to provide a trusting basis in the group to allow for the best opportunities to promote engagement, attendance and impact of treatment.The aim was to explore how discovery group sessions were experienced as introductory sessions from the perspectives of participants and facilitators before engaging in a person‐centred group intervention.A qualitative interview study was conducted, involving four group facilitators and 16 participants with mental illness from five completed groups. Data were analysed with Ricoeur's theory of interpretation.The findings showed that the two discovery group sessions were experienced as useful and meaningful to all and created a safe atmosphere and a trusted relationship among group participants and facilitators.Feeling safe and sharing experiences and emotions contribute to the relational climate in a group.Addressing concerns about social interactions in persons with mental illness is important in group treatment. This study proved that engaging patients in designing or adapting interventions for mental health services is important to improve quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What is known on the subject? What this paper adds to existing knowledge? What are the implications for practice? Introduction Aim Method Results Discussion Implications for Practice Mental health services report adverse incidents in different ways and the relationship between adverse incidents and the workforce is uncertain. In England, there are national datasets recording all incidents and workforce statistics though there is no peer‐reviewed evidence examining recent trends. Although there has been an overall increase in the number of mental health nurses, more are working in the community and the number of nurses relative to adverse incidents has decreased. There have been service‐provision changes but the role of mental health nurses has not significantly changed in this period, and we can therefore assume that their current practice is saturated with risk or increased reporting. To help understand the relationship between nurses and incidents, we need to transform how incidents are recorded in England. English mental health services report greater levels of patient‐related factors such as self‐harm or aggression rather than missed or erroneous care. This makes it difficult to understand if a rise in incident frequency is linked to reporting behaviour, patient risk, unsafe/ineffective care or other reasons and therefore planning workforce deployment to improve care quality is problematic. There is a paucity of empirical data examining incidents and mental health nurses and the relationship between the two remains uncertain.Comparison of English national data for incidents and nursing workforce to examine recent trends.Descriptive analysis of two national datasets of incidents and workforce data for England between 2015 and 2022.A 46% increase in incidents was found; the leading causes are self‐harm and aggressive behaviour. Despite the rise in adverse incident reporting, a 6% increase in mental health nurses was found, with more nurses in community settings than hospitals.Current services are incident reporting at greater concentrations than in previous years. Patient‐related behaviour continues to be most prominently reported, rather than possible antecedent health services issues that may contribute to reporting. Whilst staffing has increased, this does not seem to have kept pace with the implied workload evident in the increase in incident reports.Greater emphasis should be placed on health service behaviour in reporting mechanisms. Self‐harm and aggression should continue to be considered adverse outcomes, but causal health service factors, such as missed care, should be present in pooled reporting to help reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sexual health is essential to the overall health. People suffering from severe mental illness (SMI) experience a deterioration in their sexual health. These patients and their caregivers seem unwilling to engage in a dialogue concerning sexual health within the context of mental health care. Aim: The study investigated nurses' and care assistants' beliefs and attitudes regarding the sexual health of people with SMI on the psychiatric care pathway. Methods: Twenty semi‐structured interviews were conducted with nurses and care assistants. Data were subject to a thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) The formalization of the care approach towards people with a SMI in hospitals; (2) the place given to sexual health in psychiatry units; (3) nurses and care assistants are not equipped to deal with patients' sexual health. Discussion: Caregivers consider that sexual health is a fundamental right and an indicator of good health. They nevertheless believe that the psychiatric hospital remains a place of acute care where sexual health is not considered. Implication for Practice: This research justifies that it is necessary to question the representations of nurses and care assistants before implementing a tailored intervention that integrates the consideration of sexual health into the holistic care of the patient on the psychiatric care pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Globally, healthcare regulatory bodies require providers of academic programs to involve service users in the design and delivery of education, yet concrete and tested directions for operationalising this are lacking. Service users' involvement in education is often passive, ad‐hoc and tokenistic, with limited input at the program development level. Aim: To explore the co‐design processes and outcomes of a collaborative revision of an Australian post‐registration mental health nursing curriculum. Method: Using qualitative case study design, the experiences and collaborative practices of five stakeholders (one mental health service user, two carers and two academics) co‐designing a post‐registration mental health nursing curriculum were explored. Results: Commonly identified barriers to meaningful involvement were overcome through planning and collaborative execution of the group's work. Participants reported a strong sense of successful collaboration in reviewing the curriculum, trusting relationships and mutual respect. Discussion: While it was possible to support and augment stakeholder knowledge in the context of post‐registration education, co‐design processes were ultimately bound by the university's relatively inflexible bureaucratic context. Implications for Practice: To ensure effective stakeholder collaboration beyond classroom teaching, mental health nurse academics must prepare service users for the role, explaining the language and practices of the tertiary health education and nursing context. As part of co‐design processes, organisational mandates must be explored and negotiated, and mutual clarity regarding expectations and roles must be established. A Design Thinking approach can support meaningful engagement of stakeholders in curriculum development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Previous research has indicated that community‐based mental health services in Iran are restricted, leading to overcrowding in psychiatric wards. This overcrowding has been linked to a range of problems, such as violence, suicide and medical errors. Despite the abundance of research on patient safety, there is still a lack of understanding regarding how mental health nurses (MHNs) create a secure environment within these wards. Aim: This study focused on exploring a safe environment provided by MHNs in inpatient psychiatric wards at Farshchian (Sina) Hospital, Hamadan, Iran. Method: An explanatory mixed‐methods study was conducted. Initially, the Safe Environment Scale was distributed to all MHNs (n = 48) working in three wards at Farshchian (Sina) Hospital to evaluate the current status. The scale measured two dimensions, and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the collected data. Subsequently, 20 MHNs were selected for semi‐structured interviews using purposeful sampling at the same hospital to interpret and fill gaps in the quantitative findings. The data collected from the interviews were analysed using conventional content analysis. Results: The perception and engagement of MHNs in creating a safe environment in the inpatient psychiatric wards were found to be at a medium level, according to the Safe Environment Scale (mean ± SD, 14.67 ± 4.18 and 85.27 ± 17.57, respectively). The qualitative study identified several categories in the results, including 'Hyper‐vigilance to safety and security environment', 'Therapeutic communication gap', 'Nurse burnout', 'Staff safety and security need' and 'Environmental safety hazards'. Discussion: MHNs employ a hyper‐vigilant strategy to guarantee a secure atmosphere within psychiatric wards. However, this approach may inadvertently impede the establishment of a safe environment and even diminish MHNs' perception and involvement in its maintenance. Implications for mental health nursing: According to our research, it appears that MHNs need to improve their education and training in order to successfully implement the vigilance strategy for establishing a secure environment. Additionally, it is essential for them to prioritize therapeutic communication with patients, as this plays a vital role in promoting a safe environment within inpatient psychiatric wards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recently rapidly evolving legal status of recreational cannabis in various countries has triggered international debate, particularly around measures required to minimise resulting harms. The present article argues that mental health nurses should have a key role in promoting safe and appropriate use of recreational cannabis, and minimising harm based on the extant evidence. The article summarises the factors driving legalisation, outlines the evident medicinal benefits of cannabis, and appraises the evidence on the negative mental health impacts associated with use. We go on to discuss research findings on the potentially deleterious mental health effects resulting from legalising recreational cannabis and strategies to minimise these harms, including directions for future research and evaluation. Further, we consider the importance of the implementation of harm minimisation measures that are context‐specific, using Thailand as an example. Finally, we present the key health promotion messages that mental health nurses should aim to convey to people who use or consider using recreational cannabis. Ultimately, we aim to provide a summary of the existing evidence that mental health nurses can draw upon to promote mental health and engage with the policy reform debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nursing care left undone occurs when nurses omit activities because of resource shortfalls. Higher levels of nursing care left undone are associated with worse nurse staffing and organizational factors. Plentiful evidence from acute, long‐term and community care supports such associations; however, mental healthcare settings are under‐studied. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nursing care left undone's frequency in mental health inpatient settings and explore its association with nurse staffing levels. Method: As part of the multi‐centre cross‐sectional MatchRN Psychiatry study, data were collected by questionnaire from 114 units in 13 Swiss psychiatric hospitals. Nursing care left undone was analysed describing frequencies descriptively and used linear mixed models to assess its association with staffing. Results: Data from 994 nurses were analysed. The most commonly omitted activities were evaluating nursing processes (30.5%), formulating nursing diagnoses (27.4%) and defining care objectives (22.7%). Nursing care left undone was higher in units with low staffing levels. Discussion: As in somatic care settings, in psychiatric hospitals, 'indirect' care activities are most commonly omitted. Implications for Practice: This study highlights factors affecting the frequency of nursing care left undone, including staffing levels and perceived leadership. The findings emphasize the importance of nurse managers taking action to improve work environment factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Humanised care refers to the holistic approach to the person, considering their bio‐psycho‐social and behavioural dimensions. It becomes more complex when the person has mental health problems that may affect his or her will, cognition and relationship to the world. The literature on the humanisation of mental health is scarce and only offers the view of professionals. Aim: To analyse the concept, values and strategic initiatives of humanised care in acute psychiatric units from the perspective of persons with mental health problems, carers and professionals. Method: Qualitative grounded‐theory approach. Data were collected through focus groups and in‐depth interviews among persons with mental health problems, carers and professionals. Results: Thirteen focus groups and three in‐depth staff interviews were performed, with a total of 61 participants. Humanised care is defined as quality care of an individualised, ethical and safe nature, empowering persons/carers to involve them in their health process, helping them resist the stigma of mental illness through a therapeutic relationship, bond and communication. Formal training, teamwork and effective communication are required. Six values and strategic initiatives were identified. Discussion: Each value and strategic initiatives acquires full meaning when connected with the rest. Without this interconnection, humanised care would be impossible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the conceptual framework of actor-network theory, emphasizing the interconnectedness of humans and non-humans in shaping mental health effects. Topics include theory's development by researchers aiming to highlight non-human agency in scientific inquiry, its application in mental health nursing to understand the complexities of health effects, and its potential uses in research and practice to sensitize healthcare workers to human-non-human interactions.

Introduction: Though the evidence of the role of the arts in mental health is growing, no systematic review has focused on the impact of art groups in non‐clinical settings in the process of recovery following the CHIME framework. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of engaging in community‐based art groups in mental health recovery. Method: A search in five electronic databases for relevant research using quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods published between 2000 and 2019 identified nine eligible studies. Results: While there was great methodological heterogeneity, most studies were qualitative, used visual arts, facilitated by artists and assessed by mental health nurses, and took place in community locations or artistic venues. Quantitative outcomes, though few, provided evidence of increased well‐being, and qualitative outcomes corresponded mostly with the recovery process of Connectedness. Additional outcomes related to the settings were a sense of safety and to the intervention: self‐expression, development of skills and achievements, and the impact of final exhibitions and peer leadership. Discussion: Studies should aim at prospective designs following mixed methods approaches, with larger and gender‐sensitive samples, control groups and follow‐up assessments, and evaluate cost‐effectiveness. Implications for practice: Community‐based art groups which increase well‐being and promote connectedness should be key in recovery‐action planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Food insecurity in adults living with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) is an underresearched area worldwide. Aim: This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify and collate evidence on food insecurity in adults with SMI, in high‐ and upper‐middle income countries. Method: A comprehensive electronic search was completed up to August 2022. Random effects meta‐analysis was undertaken to determine the prevalence and the odds ratio for food insecurity in adults with SMI. Narrative synthesis explored the data further. Results: Sixteen publications were included (13 in the meta‐analysis). The prevalence estimate of food insecurity in adults with SMI was 41% (95% CI: 29% to 53%, I2 = 99.9%, n = 13). Adults with SMI were 3.31 (95% CI: 2.03 to 5.41) times more likely to experience food insecurity than comparators without SMI (z = 6.29, p <.001, I2 = 98.9%, n = 6). Food insecurity appears to be a risk factor for developing SMI. Discussion: This review suggests adults with SMI living in high‐ or upper‐middle income countries are more likely to experience food insecurity than the general population and that this relationship may be inverse. Implications for practice: Mental health practitioners should be aware of food insecurity and support individuals with SMI to access sufficient food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A culturally adaptive and easy‐to‐administer 12‐item Caregiving Rewarding Feelings (CRF) scale has been developed in China yet never published in English and validated in another population. Aim: The current study aimed to validate the CRF among a community sample of Chinese caregivers of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. Method: A sample of 449 family caregivers was recruited for scale validation that included factorial validity, construct validity, measurement invariance, item analysis, internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, known‐group validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported the a priori three‐factor structure. Construct validity was supported by high standard regression weight (SRW) and average variance extracted (AVE), measurement invariance across age and gender groups. The CRF showed good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Known‐group validity was confirmed by the higher CRF scores among caregivers with certain socio‐demographics. The convergent validity of the CRF was supported by its positive correlations with social support, active coping and family functioning. The divergent validity of the CRF was supported by its negative associations with stigma, stress and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: This study confirmed the reliability and validity of the CRF specifically designed for caregivers in Chinese culture. Implications for Practice: The CRF may be further applied and validated in other populations and other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Academics from health professional backgrounds have a crucial role in supporting the implementation and sustainability of academic positions for experts by experience in mental health education. Perspectives and experiences of these academics have yet to be extensively explored. A deeper understanding will add to our understanding of this important role and provide guidance for academics with similar aspirations. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of supporting academic positions for experts by experience in mental health education. Methods: A qualitative exploratory design was utilised. In‐depth interviews were conducted with academics who have actively supported academic positions for experts by experience. Results: Allyship was a key theme identified. Participants described allyship as complex, time‐consuming and rewarding, through three sub‐themes: the tension of allyship, the impact of being an ally and interpersonal and relational issues with health professional academics. Conclusions: Allyship was influenced by the negative attitudes of many health professional academics, who do not appreciate the value of this work. Implications for Practice: Allyship has a crucial role in enhancing experts by experience leadership in the education of health professionals. Understanding the experience of allyship will assist in further understanding and developing these important roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Self‐care is essential for nurses' wellbeing, with stress posing a major barrier. Research into self‐care is often absorbed into studies of burnout or resilience. Understanding lived experiences of influences on nurses' self‐care practices is essential. There is currently a paucity of literature on this topic. Aim: To explore mental health nurses' views about what influences their ability to self‐care in relation to workplace stress and the impact on their practice and work environment. Methods: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was utilized. In‐depth interviews explored how nurses perceived the influence of environment and relationships on self‐care practices in the workplace. Results: Participants' perceptions and experiences are embodied by the theme: the nurse bombarded, comprising two subordinate themes—the nurse consumed by the intensity of work and therapeutic relationships; and feeling vulnerable from colleague relationships and feeling undervalued. Participants described conflict between workload demands and expectations and the desire to provide optimal care. Conclusions: Stressful working environments pose major barriers to effective self‐care. Feeling bombarded and vulnerable, impacts nurses' lives personally and professionally. Implications for Practice: Mental health nurses' self‐care is crucial for quality practice. Strategies to address relational, personal and environmental barriers to self‐care are therefore necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented about responding to media coverage of recent mental health service failures, discussing portrayals of poor practice and proposing changes in mental health nurse education to address the root causes. It highlights the global nature of human rights abuses and coercive practices in psychiatric care, emphasizing the need for education to instill values and practices that counter prevailing difficulties within mental health care.

An editorial is presented on the publication of a unique Virtual Issue showcasing lived experiences related to mental health and mental illness, emphasizing ethical considerations and principles guiding the presentation of these narratives. It highlights the diversity of experiences while advocating for responsible handling of personal narratives, addressing issues around consent, confidentiality and the potential misuse of these experiences for research purposes.