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The first monograph on the European hamster from the Strasbourg region dates back to 1765. By the 1930s, a long and continuous chronobiological research tradition was established for this species, starting with the works of Charles Kayser, who published between 1938 and 1971. Another early key researcher in this area was Bernhard Canguilhem with publications from 1966 to 1999. From the 1980s onwards, "the Pévets," Paul Pévet and his wife, Mireille Masson‐Pévet, gave new energy to European hamster research. They broadened the research scope from basic hibernation research to mechanistic studies of circannual rhythms and from physiological aspects to molecular details. One main underlying question in their research was the role of melatonin. Thanks to their enthusiasm and vision, the European hamster is today one of the best – if not the best – studied circannual species. At least 73 parameters are described to cycle. Thirty‐two of them have been shown to be driven by a circannual clock. Moreover, ground‐breaking advances in our understanding of the mechanistic of hibernation, circannual clock functioning, and its entrainment were made. With most of this research being conducted in Strasbourg, Paul Pévet was instrumental in providing the necessary resources that made these innovative and unconventional long‐term animal studies possible, contributing to fundamental research and, ultimately, to species conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]