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Mathematical thinking serves as a core of mathematics instruction in schools. These research goals were identified 1) The elementary school’s teacher’s perception about thinking based on Bloom’s Taxonomy in mathematics instruction, and 2) The elementary school’s teacher’s perception of scientific approach in mathematics learning. This research was descriptive-qualitative. Data were obtained by using open-ended questionnaire methods for nine fifth-grade elementary teachers and passive participation observation toward two fifth-grade elementary school teachers in Semarang. The result 1) the elementary school’s teacher’s perceptions about the students’ thinking is that in theory and practice, the teacher has sufficient knowledge and facilitates the students’ thinking of remembering aspect and applying optimally to the students, and 2) Elementary school teachers’ perception about the scientific approach is in theory and practice the teacher understands and applies the observing, questioning, associating/processing information/reasoning, and communicating facilitations, but practically of collecting information, teacher’s facilitation is still less varied. The professional teachers noticing students’ mathematical thinking must be studied and developed in mathematics teaching.

The purposes of this study were obtained the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the learning tools that have been integrated teacher stimulus that has been formulated in the design of mathematics learning of fifth grade of elementary school. This development research refers to the 4-D development model developed by Sivasailam et al. (1974) consisted of 4 stages of definition, design, development, and disseminate. This research did not reach the fourth stage. The learning model used is 1) Teams Games Tournament model with the research subjects of Plalangan 1 public elementary school students as many as 44 students with integrated stimulus were problem-posing and the use of manipulative teaching aids, 2) Creative Problem Solving with research subjects Pakintelan 1 public elementary school students with 25 students with stimulus that is integrated were a mathematical game and the use of manipulative. The research instruments were mathematical games, math game discussion sheets, test sheets, problem-posing discussion sheets, tests containing problem posing, student response questionnaire sheets, learning material validation sheets, and learning implementation sheets. The results showed that the learning materials in Plalangan 1 that integrated stimulus problem posing and the use of manipulative were valid, effective, and practical. The results showed that the learning tools in Pakintelan 1 that integrated the stimulus of mathematical games and the use of manipulative were valid, effective, and practical. The further research by applying mathematical stimulus games, problem posing, and the use of manipulative to describe high-level thinking of elementary school students.

These research aims were described teacher’s stimulus in mathematics learning for developing thinking the skill of Junior High School students grade VIII, and perceived teacher’s perception about a scientific approach and thinking of Junior High School students grade VIII. This descriptive-qualitative research involved professional working group for mathematics that is the Association of Mathematics Teacher (Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran, MGMP) in Semarang. The first step of the research was forum group discussion with 19 mathematics teachers grades VIII in Association of Mathematics Teacher Semarang. The second step was research in SMPN 23 Semarang and SMPN 36 Semarang. Data collection techniques include a questionnaire about teacher’s stimulus for facilitating student’s thinking; a questionnaire about students response based on teacher’s stimulus; a survey about teacher’s perception in a scientific approach, thinking, and 2013 Curriculum in the field; and observation sheet about teacher’s stimulus for facilitating student’s thinking. Method and sources triangulation used in this research. The result were teachers already have a good understanding about a scientific approach, and this research recommends problem posing, numerical investigation, and open-ended task as teacher stimulus in developing students’ thinking ability in mathematics learning in Junior High School.