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Light-reflecting characteristics play a crucial role in optically rewritable liquid crystal display (electronic paper). By using a special optimizer software, light-reflecting characteristics of the twisted nematic cell were calculated. The achieved values of the normalized reflection coefficients range within ∼ 0.03 - 0.43, which is comparable or better than other commercial technologies. The calculated contrast ratio of the device is 10 : 1. A 2D image, which can be displayed on the electronic paper was obtained. Comparison of the simulated background color and contrast ratio is very similar with the results, which were obtained in experimental cells of other studies. Our calculations indicate that angular dependence of the reflectance coefficient is almost uniform within a wide range of viewing angles.

The traditional Chinese folk paper-cutting art has a long history. It is a traditional folk art form created by working people to satisfy their spiritual and material pursuits. It originates from life and returns to life. With the pace of the times, folk paper-cutting has undergone an innovative transformation and development through the interweaving, penetration and integration of contemporary design concepts. Through the combination of network big data, it provides a large number of references for modern graphic design decoration and function combination, graphic context inheritance, color language, modeling language, etc.

This paper present product design and development of waste paper plastering mortars machine. This waste paper plastering mortar is manual machine system. The main element to make mortar is cement, sand, water and waste paper. These machines have two separate tanks, which is the first tank is to produce a pulp and second tank is to mix up the entire ingredient. The objectives of this research are to design a Waste paper plastering machine, to develop a functional prototype of Waste Paper Plastering Machine and also to test the machine by compare the best method by with machine and without machine to make plastering mortar. The testing has been done between preparation and procedure how to make plastering mortar with machine and without machine. This machine can be used in every household. This can save environment and reduce pollution.

Kidney failure is a degenerative disease that has a prevalence of nearly 12 to 15% of the total population in the world. Renal scans are one of many diagnostic means which refers to several examinations using radiopharmaceuticals that evaluate the function and anatomy of the kidneys. Technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepetaacetic acid ([99Tc]Tc-DTPA) is a commonly used radiopharmaceutical for kidney scans. Since the half-life of technetium-99m radioisotope, one component of this radiopharmaceutical, is only about 6.0 hours, so an efficient and effective quality control techniques is a necessity. Up to now, two-systems thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a common method used for radiochemical purity (RCP) test of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA. Recently one-system TLC has been successfully developed for this purpose. Therefore prior to its application, it is necessary to validate as well to compare this method with an established method (WHO Pharmacopoeia). These methods were two-system used Whatman-1 paper as static phase and methyl ethyl ketone (two-system-A) and 0.9% sodium chloride (two-system-B) as mobile phases and one-system used Whatman-1 paper as static phase and acetone: 0.9% sodium chloride (11:9) as a mobile phase. RCP of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA was then tested using these methods. The retrieved data were processed and validated with some variables like accuracy, precision, and compared using t-test to see whether the above-mentioned TLC systems show a significant difference or not. The analysis results of RCP test of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA using two-system method was 99.37± 0.48% while using one-system method was 99.20 ± 0.41%. The percentage accuracy of the data between two methods was 99.83%. The t-stat value for both methods was 0.84 so it can be concluded that the results of measurement using one-system method are not significantly different from two-system method.

Thermal paper is a special type of paper that is coated with chemicals on the paper layer to change color when exposed to heat. When discovering fingerprints by using chemical reagents such as ninhydrin solution with thermal paper, it shows black staining background on the heat-sensitive front side. Thus, the latent fingerprints cannot be discovered. In this study, we have reported the first utilization of ninhydrin with water glue in different ratios for the development of latent fingerprints on the thermal papers. The results showed that at 0.020-0.060 g/mL of water glue in ninhydrin solution reduced the black strain after tested with thermal paper and made the appearance of the fingerprint more clearly. So, the detectable minutiae can be used for visualization and identification of latent prints. Using an Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS), it is showed between 59-87 points of minutiae. As the results, this method could be used as an alternative method to developing latent fingerprints with non-hazardous materials, reduce costs and easy to find.

Paper artifacts are contaminated by external factors in the process of preservation such as foxing. For the problem of backward technology of rapid detection of foxing on paper artifacts, a method based on hyperspectral imaging technology is proposed to detect foxing spots on paper artifacts. After selecting the region of interest and obtaining the corresponding average reflectance, the difference in the average reflectance is found after comparing the healthy regions with the diseased regions. Using band operation and minimum noise fraction to observe the characteristics of foxing image, although there is overlap in different parts, the distribution distinction between moldy and healthy regions is obvious; K-nearest neighbor method and BP neural network are applied to establish the spectral discrimination model of paper artifacts with foxing spots, and the overall discrimination rate of the two methods is 73.3% and 85%, respectively. The results show that hyperspectral imaging can be used for the identification of foxing spots, but the distinction between different parts is not good, and the discrimination effect still needs to be improved.

In Today’s world technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing as well as Fog Computing are growing at an exponential rate which depend upon each other directly or indirectly. The Internet of Things can be described as a network of substantial matter such as cars, washing machines, refrigerator which can interact with each other through internet. Billions of devices will be IoT enabled in near future and generate enormous amount of data but IoT devices has some limitations like storage capabilities, processing capabilities and utilization of resources which can only be handled by integrating it with cloud technology. Cloud model provide environment in which software, Infrastructure, sharable pool of configurable resources, virtual environment, sensors, hardware and database is provided as a utility for IoT devices and users. In cloud computing paradigm some limitations exist for example distance of the data source from multi-hop, geological unified structure, latency, heterogeneity and many more. To address such limitations, Fog computing approach can be used to bring computing assets nearer to IoT devices. Fog computing is an enhancement of the cloud-based Network and computing services. It provides computational and storage services of cloud proximate to IoT devices. This paper provides an overview regarding the cloud computing uses in IoT devices and issues or problems that occur during integration. Handling of problems that occurs during integration of cloud with IoT can be done through fog computing. The purpose of this survey is to understand the concept of fog computing to improve the existing system of Integration of Cloud with IoT.

Wireless technology these days is very quickly becoming crescent. A network that was recently wired to get online was required. Just wired phones have been a thing of the past. In the past four decades, mobile networks have thrived immensely. The starting point was the 1G cellular concept where ‘G’ stances for generation linkages. This had fully developed very rapidly, generating 1G, 2G, 3G and gradually transferring into 4G from generation to generation. And now people are utilizing the 4G networks. 5G network will nearly stretch its wings to conquer this complex world of cell technology. Integrated 5G work is continuing, with complete service planned in 2020. The development of 5G technology is the perfect solution for the many problems facing us today with today’s innovations. 5G will become an intelligent technology that will limit to a single global uniform body the number of different innovations. This paper is mostly about the evolution of mobile wireless networks like 1G and 5G as well as how they vary and their benefits and drawbacks.