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A study is conducted to examine the growth and stability of an iron oxide overlayer on yttria-stabilized zirconia with the help of stomic layer deposition (ALD) in combination with low-energy ion scattering (LEIS). These techniques form a powerful combination, where ALD is designed for controlled (sub) monolayer deposition, while LEIS probes the altered outermost atomic layer.

Issues concerning the hydration of the yttrium(III) ion in aqueous solution are presented. The ion is found to be hydrated by eight water molecules in aqueous solution.

A study was conducted to analyze the pure single crystals of yttrium aluminum pervoskite and YAlO3 doped with a number of rare earth elements. The crystals were prepared using the Czochralski technique while the melts were determined based on ref 8 from high-purity oxides. Results indicated significant changes in chemical shifts and full widths at half-maximum of the signals that were caused by doping and the presence of color centers.

The influence of doping on the host crystal structure of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) was investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The consequences of doping were observed indirectly through an analysis of the peaks and variations of the chemical shifts of the main ions forming the YAG crystal. The presence of only one independent oxygen ion was proven, even though the O(1s) spectra of all YAG systems exhibit two readily discerned peaks. This dichotomy is linked to the possible polarization of the oxygen valence electron density between aluminum and yttrium.

Research was conducted to examine the structural role of lanthanum (La) and yttrium (Y) in aluminosilicate glasses. HIgh-resolution 17O and 27 Al NMR data on a series of La and Y aluminosilicates demonstrate the significant increase in concentrations of AlO5 and AlO6 groups resulting from the smaller radii and higher field strengths of the modifier cation. Results suggest major effects on network speciation that vary considerably from Y to La and that place new constraints on the type and extent of compositional clustering.

Experiments were performed to investigate the synthesis and structural characteristics of the Aveiro microporous solid no. 1 (AV-1). AV-1 is the first artificial microporous yttrium silicate. In addition, the chemical structure of montregianite, of the rare mineral rhodesite and alkali calcium silicate hydrate AV-2 were examined. Scanning electron microscopy, magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic spectroscopy and other analytic techniques were employed. The AV-1 and AV-2 exhibited similar double silicate layers.

The intermolecular interactions taking place between compounds of the TIBO family and Y181 (C181), K101, and Y188 amino acids are investigated. The natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM) methods indicate that not only does the Y181C mutation lead to loss of favorable interactions between the TIBO side chains and tyrosine, but it also affects the interaction between the inhibitor and K101 and Y188.

The influence of Ni-Y catalyst composition on the bulk scale synthesis of a single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) is studied using solution phase near-infrared spectroscopy. A range of catalyst compositions is invariant to the scale of the EA synthetic procedure, and this suggests that it will be possible to significantly reduce the cost of production and to further improve the quality of bulk quantities of SWNTs that are suitable for large-scale applications.

The hydration structure of Y(super 3+) in a 3.5 m solution of yttrium chloride in water was determined using anomalous X-ray diffraction (AXD) methods. The results confirm the eight-fold coordination and the presence of a less well-defined second shell in Y(super 3+).