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Aim: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is one of the most frequent genetic diseases with a frequency of 1/1,000 in our country. We aimed to assess awareness of FMF among caregivers of patients with and without FMF. Materials and Methods: Caregivers of FMF patients (group 1) and other caregivers who were in hospital for other reasons (group 2) were given a questionnaire regarding FMF and the results were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The mean ages were similar between group 1 (n=142) and group 2 (n=207). Female gender and lower educational status were more frequent in group 1. Group 1 was more aware that recurrent fever, joint pain, abdominal pain, and its occurrence in attacks are seen in FMF; and also that the disease is inherited rather than contagious; that a specific treatment exists; that the risk of kidney and heart failure increases when not treated; that attacks are triggered by sleeplessness, tiredness or emotional stress; that colchicine does not provide complete recovery; and that diarrhea is the most common side effect of colchicine (p<0.05). However, awareness about chest pain as a feature, infertility as a complication, non-adherence as a trigger for the disease and the statement that "patients feel healthy between attacks" were similar (p>0.05). Interestingly, group 2 was more aware that different treatment options exist (p=0.04). The total score was higher in group 1 and in participants who only graduated from secondary school or less (p<0.01). Conclusion: Being a caregiver of a patient was associated with a higher level of awareness of FMF regardless of education level, however, they still need to be informed about current developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Kidney transplantation is the most preferred long-term treatment of children with end stage renal disease since 1954. Graft dysfunction has been divided into three categories based on timing of presentation. In this article, we aim to present the etiologic factors of acute graft dysfunction in the first year of renal transplantation in children. Materials and Methods: The patients, diagnosed with acute allograft dysfunction in first year of kidney transplantation, in University of Health Sciences Turkey, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between March 2005 and October 2017 were analyzed prospectively in this study. Results: Over the 15 year period, 56 pediatric renal allograft patients were followed in University of Health Sciences Turkey, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital. During this period, 25 patients had diagnosed with early allograft dysfunction. Five patients were admitted two times in a year with allograft dysfunction. The mean age of patients was 12.6 (4.0±21.0) years, with a male and female ratio of 17:8. Delayed graft function was occurred in four patients (16%). Among 25 renal allograft recipients showed early graft dysfunction on average of 4.2 months (1-10 months) after transplantation. The etiology of early graft dysfunction showed 10% immunologic diseases and 90% non-immunologic factors. Five patients (16.7%) diagnosed with urinary tract infection, one patient (3.3%) diagnosed with cytomegalovirus nephropathy, five patients (16.7%) diagnosed with BK nephropathy, eight patients (26.7%) diagnosed with acute cyclosporine toxicity, seven patients (23.3%) were diagnosed with dehydration and one patient (3.3%) diagnosed with urologic anomalies. Twelve patients had performed renal allograft biopsy. The histological findings were consistent with T-cell mediated rejection in two patients; B-cell mediated rejection in one patient and viral nephropathy in five patients. Non-specific histological findings were determined in five patients. Conclusion: Early recognition of the etiology of graft dysfunction that develops at 1 year and appropriate treatment will contribute to the preservation of long-term graft dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Enuresis (EN) is a common problem in childhood. Family physicians have an important role in revealing children with EN. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of family medicine (FM) residents regarding the diagnosis and treatment of enuresis in children. Materials and Methods: Family medicine residents of the University of Health Sciences, İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital were invited to complete a questionnaire concerning enuresis in children. Those who had completed their paediatrics rotation training were defined as group 1, and those who had not completed their paediatrics rotation as group 2. The responses were compared between the groups. Results: Sixty (88%) of the FM residents agreed to complete the survey. The mean age of the participants was 28.7 (25-35) years, 38 (63%) had completed their paediatrics rotation (group 1). The question about the age of night-time bedwetting was more often answered correctly in group 1 (19/38) (p=0.025). In the question on the symptoms of non-monosymptomatic enuresis; the constipation option was marked as a symptom by only 15 of the participants (25%), with 13 (87%) being in group 1 (p=0.03). The correct response rates to the questions about other symptoms of non-monosymptomatic enuresis, the causes of secondary enuresis, the need for treatment, treatment options and the follow-up of patients with enuresis were similar between groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: As a result of this study, more correct answers, which revealed adequate knowledge and experience regarding enuresis, were obtained from those who had concluded their paediatrics rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]