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Aim: The study aim was to explore adolescents' with co-existing ADHD and medical disorder (MD) perceptions of everyday life and support from parents and healthcare professionals., Design and Methods: In this qualitative study, 10 adolescents aged 13-17 years diagnosed with ADHD and a MD were included from a general pediatric hospital clinic and a child and adolescent psychiatric hospital clinic. Data obtained through semi-structured interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis., Results: The adolescents' perceptions were categorized into four themes: 1) ADHD perceived as part of the adolescent's self-understanding - yet with daily frustrations, 2) MD perceived as an interruption in everyday life, 3) ADHD and MD - an overlooked dual task, and 4) the need for supportive relationships in navigating ADHD and MD., Conclusion: Living with co-existing ADHD and MD is a complex dual task, as ADHD and MD interfere with each other in everyday life. However, the adolescents overlook the dual task as they believe their difficulties would be resolved if the MD was eliminated. Moreover, supportive relationships are essential in navigating the complexities in living with co-existing ADHD and MD. Nevertheless, the adolescents take a passive role in the encounters with the healthcare professionals, whereas they are more active in encounters with peers, parents and teachers., Practice Implications: Healthcare professionals treating and caring for adolescents with co-existing ADHD and MD need interventions facilitating patient involvement in a patient-centered approach to support both adolescents and healthcare professionals in recognizing the dual task of having co-existing ADHD and MD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: To explore and describe everyday life and hospital-based healthcare experiences and utilization in families of children with ADHD in Denmark., Design and Methods: The present work is a multistage, mixed methods study. The design consists of three individual studies: a meta-synthesis, a focused ethnographic study, and a historical cohort study., Results: The integrated findings show that: 1) parental stressors affect everyday life and hospital-based service use; 2) parents have concerns for their child from early childhood and fight to have their concerns recognized; and 3) healthcare professionals are important for parents to navigate the persistent challenges of everyday life., Conclusions: Having a child with ADHD pervades everyday life and children with ADHD use more medical and psychiatric services in hospitals during the first 12 years of life than children without ADHD. The findings demonstrate a vulnerable everyday life experience and highlight the importance of the families being recognized, accepted, and respected in hospital-based healthcare services from early childhood., Practice Implications: Healthcare professionals need to recognize the challenges the family of a child with ADHD faces and to acknowledge that ADHD pervades all aspects of everyday life and all other healthcare issues. It is important for healthcare professionals, regardless of specialty, to engage with individual families and to positively contribute to the medical and psychiatric healthcare experience., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore parental experiences of how healthcare practices and healthcare professionals in hospital clinics in Denmark influence everyday life of parents with a child with ADHD., Design and Methods: The methodology was focused ethnography. Participant observation and interviews were used as the primary data collection methods. Fifteen families of children with ADHD were included from somatic and psychiatric hospital clinics., Results: Three main themes emerged from the experiences of the families: When the house of cards collapses in everyday life, Treading water before and after receiving the ADHD diagnosis, and Healthcare as a significant lifeline., Conclusions: Accessibility to healthcare, trusting relationships and healthcare professionals recognizing how ADHD pervades all aspects of everyday life appear to be important factors in providing a lifeline for parents to help them regain confidence and control in disruptive phases. The parents depend on help from healthcare professionals and family-centred care to manage the complex challenges in everyday life., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)