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To assess facilitators and barriers to participation in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) and estimate foregone federal funds because of CACFP underuse. An online survey of food service practices and experiences with CACFP among Connecticut-based licensed child care centers (n = 231). Serving meals and the center's nonprofit status predicted CACFP participation. The most common challenge among participants was collecting family income eligibility. Streamlining paperwork (mentioned by 44% of respondents) and funding for nonfood, administrative costs (40%) were recommended facilitators to increase CACFP uptake. Nonparticipating centers had limited knowledge about the program and its eligibility. Foregone federal funding due to CACFP underuse among eligible Connecticut centers was estimated at $30.7 million in 2019, suggesting that 20,300 young children from low-income areas missed out on CACFP-subsidized food. Improving knowledge about CACFP and reducing participation burdens through additional funding and technical assistance can help expand the program to support child nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To test the reliability and validity of a carbohydrate-counting knowledge questionnaire in young Australians with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Children or young adults (<20 years) with T1DM, or their parents, completed the 72-item Australian PedCarbQuiz (AusPCQ), adapted from the American PedCarbQuiz, and an expert assessment of carbohydrate-counting knowledge. Responses were scored and summed (0–72, higher scores = greater knowledge). Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach α, and relative validity using Spearman correlations (with HbA1c) and Bland-Altman analysis (with the expert assessment). Australian PedCarbQuiz reliability (n = 44, mean score = 59.7 ± 5.6) was acceptable (α = 0.83). There was a lack of agreement (mean bias = 10.7, P = 0.008) and significant proportional bias between AusPCQ scores and expert assessments (β = −0.73 [95% confidence interval, −1.82 to −0.79]; P < 0.001). The AusPCQ was shown to be reliable but not valid in a small sample. Testing in a larger sample is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determine if online training for child care providers increases knowledge and awareness of and adherence to California's Healthy Beverages in Child Care Act (AB2084) policy. Cluster, randomized controlled trial with 2 intervention groups and 1 control group. Licensed child care centers and family child care homes. Child care providers in 3 California regions. Thirty-minute, self-paced online training in English or Spanish, with or without 6-months of ongoing technical assistance. Providers' self-reported knowledge and awareness of and adherence to AB2084 at baseline, after 1 and 6 months. Generalized estimating equations and generalized linear models, adjusted for the percentage of children on child care subsidies and region. Outcomes were similar between groups receiving and not receiving technical assistance. Providers receiving training (both intervention groups combined) experienced larger increases in knowledge (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003) and awareness (P = 0.004 and P = 0.001) of AB2084 compared with the control group after 1 and 6 months. All groups reported pre-post increases in adherence to AB2084. A brief online training supports increased knowledge and awareness of healthy beverage policy among child care providers. The training is available online and is free for California child care providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the association between self-reported food skills and diet quality along with measured food waste among a sample of Canadian parents. Cross-sectional data from surveys to assess food skills, 3-day food records to assess the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and food waste measured by household waste audits. Guelph-Wellington, Ontario. Parents (n = 130) with children aged 2–8 years. HEI-2015 scores, daily per capita avoidable and unavoidable food waste (grams). Linear regression using generalized estimating equations to determine unstandardized β estimates of associations between food skills and dependent variables. Models were adjusted for multiple testing, gender, and level of education. Food safety knowledge for cooking hot foods (β = 4.3, P = 0.05), planning (β = 4.5, P = 0.001), and conceptualizing food (β = 4.0, P = 0.03) were positively associated with HEI-2015 scores. Knowledge related to best before dates (β = 25.3, P = 0.05; β = 12.1, P = 0.04), conceptualizing food (β = 34.1, P = 0.01; β = 13.8, P = 0.02), and mechanical techniques (β = 39.2, P = 0.01; β = 20.5, P = 0.004) were associated with more avoidable and unavoidable food waste, respectively. Addressing higher-level food skills with a focus on efficient food preparation practices that make use of all edible portions of foods could play an important role in minimizing food waste and improving diet quality. Additional research in other countries and in a larger, more socioeconomically diverse sample is needed to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the effectiveness of healthy eating songs (HES) in improving adolescents' healthy eating knowledge, attitude, and practice. Pretest-posttest quasi-experimental nonequivalent group design. Students from 2 of the selected schools (n = 37 and n = 35) received nutrition education using conventional classroom instruction and HES, whereas the other 2 (n = 30 and n = 31) received theirs using conventional classroom instruction only. Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of 133 students selected from 4 junior secondary schools participated in the study. Changes in healthy eating knowledge, attitude, and practice at the school level. Independent t tests were used for analyzing summary data, whereas the linear mixed model was used to analyze the fixed effects of predictor variables at P < 0.05. Nutrition education had a significant effect on knowledge (F = 65.7, P < 0.001), attitude (F = 85.2, P < 0.001), and practice (F = 131.5, P < 0.001). Improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice was observed in both groups. However, the intervention group performed better than the comparison group in knowledge (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.1 to 2.8), attitude (95% CI, 1.7–9.7), and practice (95% CI, 2.8–5.8). Geographical location had a significant effect on knowledge (F = 7.1, P = 0.005). Interaction effect of treatment and geographical location was significant on knowledge and attitude of students. The use of HES may be an effective way of improving adolescents' healthy eating knowledge, attitude, and practice. However, testing culturally appropriate HES in more diverse audiences is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore perceived barriers to healthy eating within a food-insecure community that relies on an emergency food pantry. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using focus groups within an emergency food pantry located in southeastern Pennsylvania. Eleven female participants were recruited from the food pantry to serve as focus group participants and key community informants. Focus group transcripts were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using a constant comparative method. Four themes regarding perceived barriers to healthy eating were identified: (1) knowledge, (2) resources, (3) special dietary needs, and (4) culture and family influences. Emergent themes from the focus groups identified the perceived barriers to healthy eating within a food-insecure community. These findings may be essential for informing the development of future nutrition education programs and for promoting health in low-income communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To capture students' perceptions of participating in a nutrition education program. Focus groups (n = 16). Low-income schools in Rhode Island. A total of 64 low-income, ethnically and racially diverse third-grade students, 93.5% of whom were eligible for free or reduced-price meals, 62% of whom were Hispanic, and 16% of whom were black. Perceptions about the program's impact on food and beverage consumption, the value of the program, potential changes for improvement, and barriers to change. Focus groups were recorded, transcribed, and coded using a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Interrater agreement was calculated. Students perceived that the program positively influenced their attitudes toward making healthy choices and what they and their families were eating. Students reported increased empowerment, bravery to try new foods, and knowledge. Students enjoyed the program but suggested increasing the duration and frequency of lessons and including peer-to-peer education. Students felt that the tastiness of unhealthy food was a barrier to choosing healthier food. Findings suggest that the program may have improved students' knowledge, empowerment, and bravery, and that this had a positive influence on healthy food consumption for students and their families. Input from students will help inform future modifications to the curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The intent of this article is to describe the process of creating a dual-purpose athlete nutrition advising program at the collegiate level. The first goal was to help student athletes enhance their performance through optimal fuel and hydration. The second goal was to provide experiential learning for nutrition students. This program provided a platform for nutrition students to gain hands-on experience assessing, monitoring, and educating athletes in relation to nutrition for performance. The implication for practice is based on recent growth and increased interest in the performance nutrition field that drives the need for more formal training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for community health workers (CHWs) has increased exponentially given the prevalence of preventable chronic disease and dismal healthcare access in developed and developing nations. As CHWs navigate challenging conversations and facilitate behavior change, they are commonly tasked with providing motivational interviewing (MI). However, implementation of MI training for CHWs to ensure high-quality use is yet explored. Determine the feasibility of an evidence-based MI training targeting CHWs. A convenience sample of CHWs enrolled in a CHW training program in Oklahoma were invited to participate in this single-arm feasibility study. Once enrolled, CHWs completed: (1) a pre-training survey, (2) four asynchronous online modules covering didactic material, (3) "homework assignments" to practice MI skills, (4) a final 2-hour interactive in-person session, and (5) a post-training survey. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics to evaluate feasibility, represented by acceptability (Likert-scale questions), demand (changes in actual use via the Helpful Responses Questionnaire (HRQ)), implementation (success/appropriateness of recruitment, data collection, and study execution), limited efficacy (changes in knowledge and self-efficacy via the Motivational Interviewing Knowledge and Attitudes Test (MIKAT) and self-efficacy questionnaire (SE-12), respectively), and practicality (extent to which the training adhered to established standards). Most participants rated the training as "Excellent" or "Good" (93%). HRQ scores increased pre- to post-training (ranges: 1.61-1.97 to 1.63-2.25). The recruitment goal was exceeded by 60%; data collection procedures appeared overly burdensome (33% completed all data collection procedures); and time limited execution of all planned training activities. Knowledge remained stable though confidence decreased by 22%. The only evidence-based element not covered was "Developing a Change Plan." While CHW-specific MI training was feasible, there are key implementation barriers. One, the extent to which established infrastructures can support MI training that meets necessary standards to improve use of and confidence in delivering MI needs to be further examined. Two, balancing rigor and burden in data collection for research and/or quality assurance is critical. Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Oklahoma City-County Health Department under grant number 1 NH75OT000106-0l-00; COVID and Beyond - Active Community Engagement (ACE Project) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; start-up support provided by the Vice President for Research at Oklahoma State University [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the level of nutrition-sensitive agriculture competencies of graduating midlevel animal and plant sciences students in Ethiopia and identify factors associated with the attainment of competencies. Design A cross-sectional study design using structured skills observation checklists, objective written questions, and structured questionnaires was employed. Setting Two agriculture technical vocational education and training colleges in the 2 regions of Ethiopia. Participants A total of 145 students were selected using stratified random sampling techniques from a population of 808 students with the response rate of 93%. Main Outcome Measures Nutrition-sensitive agriculture competency (knowledge and skills attributes) of graduating students. Analysis Bivariate and multivariable statistical analyses were used to examine the association between the variables of students' gender, age, department, institutional ownership, and perception of learning environment and their performance in nutrition competency. Results Combined scores showed that 49% of students demonstrated mastery of nutrition competencies. Gender and institutional ownership were associated with the performance of students (P < .001); male students and students at a federal institution performed better. Conclusions and Implications The study showed low performance of students in nutrition competency and suggested the need for strengthening the curriculum, building tutors' capacity, and providing additional support to female students and regional colleges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on counseling service related to infant and young child feeding (IYCF) which was provided by UNICEF in Zimbabwe. Topics discussed include the training creating pool of trainers who later gave district-level trainings, the training being helpful in enhancing knowledge of community counselors (CCs) to lead behavior change and importance of improving counseling skills to bring behavior change.

OBJECTIVE: To determine barriers to nutrition education, nutrition education resources used, and the relationship between nutrition knowledge and whether public school teachers in California teach nutrition in the classroom. METHODS: A total of 102 teachers in California participated in a Web-based survey about nutrition education barriers, resources used to plan nutrition lessons, and factors that would encourage inclusion of nutrition. A validated questionnaire was used to assess nutrition knowledge. Analyses included ordinary least-squares regression. RESULTS: Common barriers were lack of instructional time and unrelated subject. Teachers were unaware of many nutrition education resources. Nutrition knowledge was not associated with nutrition lessons but was positively associated with teaching high school (β = 5.13; P < .05) and female gender (β = 6.78; P < .05), and negatively associated with identifying as Hispanic or Latino (β = -15.50; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Barriers of time and lack of unrelated subject matter are difficult to address but lack of awareness of resources indicates that promotion of existing resources may encourage teachers to provide nutrition education. Larger studies are needed to determine whether this holds true in a broader sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) cash value vouchers (CVV) have been inconsistently redeemed in Arizona. The objective of this study was to explore perceived barriers to use of CVV as well as strategies participants use to overcome them. Design: Eight focus groups were conducted to explore attitudes and behaviors related to CVV use. Setting: Focus groups were conducted at 2 WIC clinics in metro-Phoenix, AZ. Participants: Participants in WIC who were at least 18 years of age and primarily responsible for buying and preparing food for their households. Phenomenon of Interest: Perceived barriers to CVV use and strategies used to maximize their purchasing value. Analysis: Transcripts were analyzed using a general inductive approach to identify emergent themes. Results: Among 41 participants, multiple perceived barriers emerged, such as negative interactions in stores or confusion over WIC rules. Among experienced shoppers, WIC strategies also emerged to deal with barriers and maximize CVV value, including strategic choice of times and locations at which to shop and use of price-matching, rewards points, and other ways to increase purchasing power. Conclusions and Implications: Arizona WIC participants perceived barriers that limit easy redemption of CVV. Useful strategies were also identified that could be important to explore further to improve WIC CVV purchasing experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Clients often have limited time in a nutrition education setting. An improved understanding of the strategies used to accurately estimate calories may help to identify areas of focused instruction to improve nutrition knowledge. Methods: A "Think Aloud" exercise was recorded during the estimation of calories in a standard dinner meal (415 kcal) in 15 nutrition-trained and 15 untrained subjects. Accuracy of participant estimation was assessed, and estimation strategies were compared in accurate vs inaccurate estimators. Results: Accurate participants were more likely to demonstrate an ability to convert between common portion size measurements and serving sizes, possess some knowledge of energy density, and properly implement basic math skills. Conclusions and Implications: The "Think Aloud" methodology was informative in assessing the cognitive processes behind a nutrition exercise, and further use is warranted. Focused instruction in portion size conversion, energy density, and the use of math skills may enhance calorie estimation accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine patterns of food and nutrition labels use by Turkish consumers, and examine constraints on the use of this information. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Twenty-six regions of Turkey. Participants: Consumers (n = 1,536), aged 12-56 years. Variables measured: Level of interest in food and nutrition labels, the perceived sources of information about nutrition, the performance of the food industry at labeling, and sociodemographic factors. Analysis: Descriptive statistics and χ² statistics. Results: The uses of food labels and nutrition labels were reported, respectively, by 76.5% and 72.4% of participants. Nutrition label use was significantly associated with sex, age, marital status, educational level, and socioeconomic status (P < .001 for all variables). Barriers to the use of nutrition labels included: the lack of understanding of terms, symbols, and values; poor presentation of the information; and concerns about the accuracy of the information. Consumers who wished to use nutrition labels to make healthful choices demanded a standardized location and format for the labels, as well as simplified information conveyed with comprehensible terms and statements. Conclusions and Implications: New strategies to encourage the effective consumer use of food and nutrition labels should include educational programs and revision of the label format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the applicant schools (AS) to non-applicant schools (NAS) residing in the same school districts for the California Instructional School Garden Program and identify barriers to the application process. Methods: A case-control, cross-sectional study design was used to compare resources and school environments. Pearson chi-square and logistic regression were conducted. Results: Public schools throughout California participated (n = 1,662). The response rates for AS and NAS were 43.2% and 48.2%, respectively. Applicant schools had greater access to garden coordinators and parent/community volunteers dedicated to school gardens, and they had other sources of funds/grants to support school gardens compared to NAS (P < .001). Conclusions and Implications: Access to certain garden resources played a significant role in predicting whether schools would decide to participate in the California Instructional School Garden Program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a grocery store tour for parents and their adolescents being led by adults or adolescent peers. Design Randomized controlled pilot study with surveys at baseline and post-program, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Setting Midwestern midsized grocery stores. Participants Sixty-one parents and their 71 11- to 14-year-old adolescents. Intervention Nutrition education during 1 90-minute grocery store tour. Main Outcome Measures Process observations and participants' tour perceptions provided fidelity outcomes. Questionnaires quantitatively assessed participants' knowledge, self-efficacy, and tour strategy use. Analysis Chi-square and McNemar tests were used to analyze categorical data, and Kruskal–Wallis, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed for continuous variables (significance at P < .05). Results Over 90% of tour tasks were rated as completed well for adult and peer leaders. Participants had positive tour perceptions but noted deficiencies in teen leaders' knowledge and leadership skills. Overall, parents and adolescents retained increased self-efficacy from pre-tour to post-tour intervals. Despite limited knowledge retention, parents reported they had increased (6.5 ± 4.19) healthful grocery shopping behaviors in the 6 months after the intervention. Conclusions and Implications Peers may feasibly lead grocery store tours but they may need additional resources and support to be highly effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the impact and feasibility of a culinary skills intervention for adolescents led by peer educators compared with adult educators. Methods Adolescents (aged 11–14 years) were randomized to peer educator (n = 22) or adult educator (n = 20) groups and attended 2 2.5-hour culinary skills lessons addressing knife skills, cooking methods, and recipes. Knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy measurements were completed before and immediately after the intervention and at 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Fidelity checklists assessed the feasibility of program delivery. Differences within and between groups over time were assessed using ANOVA. Results Adolescents (n = 42) increased knowledge (3.7 ± 2.6 points [mean ± SD]; P < .001), attitude (0.8 ± 4.5; P < .05), and self-efficacy of cooking (2.6 ± 5.3; P < .001) and cooking method (1.7 ± 4.6; P < .01) after intervention. Peer and adult educators were equally able to deliver the intervention. Conclusions and Implications Peers and adults can feasibly lead a culinary skills program for adolescents that increases knowledge. To affect attitude and self-efficacy, additional training of peer educators may be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To describe the design, implementation, and consumer response to a coupon-style intervention aimed to increase Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) use at a farmers' market (FM) among Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) participants. Design A quasi-experimental trial to evaluate redemption response to 2 coupon interventions; baseline surveys characterized coupon redeemers and non-redeemers. Setting Urban. Participants The TANF recipients were assigned to either a plain (n = 124) or targeted marketing coupon intervention (n = 130). Intervention(s) Both groups received 10 $2 coupons to double fruit and vegetable SNAP purchases at the FM. The targeted marketing group also received an oral presentation designed to reduce perceived barriers to FM use. Main Outcome Measure Coupon redemption. Analysis The researchers used t tests and chi-square/Fisher exact tests to examine associations between redeemers and non-redeemers; logistic regression was used to adjust for the intervention. Results No male and few female participants redeemed coupons (6.3%). Among women, those with knowledge of vegetable preparation were 3 times more likely to redeem coupons than were those with little or no knowledge (odds ratio = 3.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–13.77). Conclusions and Implications Stand-alone coupon incentive programs may not be a high-reach strategy for encouraging FM use among the population using TANF. Complementary strategies to build vegetable preparation knowledge and skills are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The US Department of Agriculture Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) allows schools to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) exposure by distributing FV as snacks. The objective of this study was to compare kindergarten through second (K-2nd)-graders who were exposed or not to FFVP for preferences and identification. Design, Setting, Participants The FV Preference Survey for K-2nd-graders contained 12 fruits and 12 vegetables, a 3-Likert scale (liked it, okay, don't like it), and an I don't know option. Data were collected from K-2nd-graders at 2 elementary schools near Chicago, IL (n = 435, FFVP school, n = 235 with 12 teachers; non-FFVP school, n = 200 with 10 teachers). Main Outcome Measure(s) Mean preference scores. Analysis Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and multiple linear regression analyses compared school data ( P < .05). Results There were significant differences in mean preference scores, with higher fruit scores at the FFVP school (1.8 ± 0.6) than at the non-FFVP school (1.7 ± 0.6). In contrast, there was a higher vegetable score for the non-FFVP school (1.3 ± 0.9) than for the FFVP school (1.2 ± 0.9). The school variable had weak impact on fruit ranking (multivariate coefficient = 0.01; P < .05). For fruits and vegetables and combined, there were fewer I don't know responses in the FFVP (χ 2 = 149.080; P < .01). Conclusions and Implications At the FFVP school, fewer I don't know responses suggested better FV identification. Non-FFVP students had higher vegetable preferences than did FFVP students. Tasting a variety of FV may help with identifying FV, but more research is needed to determine the impact on preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Explore infant formula preparation attitudes and beliefs among low-income, formula-feeding, Southeastern US mothers. Design Cross-sectional study using in-home observations and in-depth interviews. Setting Participant homes. Participants Thirteen low-income mothers of normal birth weight, healthy, term infants aged ≤3 months, who were predominantly feeding powdered or from-concentrate formula. Variables Measured Reading formula preparation instructions; order of added ingredients; leveling powdered formula scoop(s); adding cereal or other ingredients to bottles. Phenomenon of Interest Perceptions of formula preparation or manipulation. Analysis Descriptive statistics described sample characteristics and home observation variables. Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews revealed the following major themes: formula preparation can be intimidating; expressions of complex heuristic perceptions about formula preparation; cost and convenience motivate maternal behaviors; and infant cues override recommendations. Data from qualitative and quantitative activities were triangulated. Results Behaviors, including improper reconstitution and modifications/additions to prepared formula (eg, infant cereal) were observed during home observations and/or described during in-depth interviews. Inconsistencies were detected between observed behaviors (eg, adding too much water to the bottle) and those reported during in-depth interviews (eg, stating over-dilution could be detrimental to the infant's health). Conclusions and Implications Targeting knowledge or skills gaps and behavioral motivators in the formula-feeding population could positively affect infant-feeding practices that occur outside of recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Evaluate farmers' market (FM) use patterns among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients. Design Cross-sectional survey administered June to August, 2015. Setting Cleveland and East Cleveland, OH. Participants A total of 304 SNAP recipients with children. Participants lived within 1 mile of 1 of 17 FMs. Most were African American (82.6%) and female (88.1%), and had received SNAP for ≥5 years (65.8%). Main Outcome Measures Patterns of FM shopping, awareness of FM near home and of healthy food incentive program, use of SNAP to buy fruits and vegetables and to buy other foods at FMs, receipt of healthy food incentive program. Analysis Two-stage cluster analysis to identify segments with similar FM use patterns. Bivariate statistics including chi-square and ANOVA to evaluate main outcomes, with significance at P ≤ .05. Results A total of 42% reported FM use in the past year. Current FM shoppers (n = 129) were segmented into 4 clusters: single market, public market, multiple market, and high frequency. Clusters differed significantly in awareness of FM near home and the incentive program, use of SNAP to buy fruit and vegetables at FMs, and receipt of incentive. Conclusions and Implications Findings highlight distinct types of FM use and had implications for tailoring outreach to maximize first time and repeat use of FMs among SNAP recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To document the perceptions of indigenous peoples for the sustainable management of natural resources against malnutrition. Design Initially 4 and then 12 interviews were conducted with 4 different age groups. Setting Eight rural villages in Guasaganda, central Ecuador, were studied in 2011–2012. Participants A total of 75 people (22 children, 18 adolescents, 20 adults, and 15 elders). Main Outcome Measures Benefits, severity, susceptibility, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy of eating traditional foods. Analysis Qualitative content analysis was completed using NVivo software. Initial analysis was inductive, followed by a content analysis directed by the Health Belief Model. Coding was completed independently by 2 researchers and kappa statistics (κ ≥ 0.65) were used to evaluate agreement. Results Healthy perceptions toward traditional foods existed and differed by age. Local young people ate traditional foods for their health benefits and good taste; adults cultivated traditional foods that had an economic benefit. Traditional knowledge used for consumption and cultivation of traditional foods was present but needs to be disseminated. Conclusions and Implications Nutrition education in schools is needed that supports traditional knowledge in younger groups and prevents dietary changes toward unhealthy eating. Increased production of traditional food is needed to address current economic realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the presentation "Food Safety Knowledge of Native American Families with Young Children in Nebraska" by Kara Vlasin-Marty and colleagues is presented.