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Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among Chinese frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China and to explore the related factors., Background: Frontline nurses undertake a huge nursing workload with a risk of infection, causing great pressure on them and making them face a risk of compassion fatigue during the pandemic., Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 9 March to 15 March 2020. A total of 1582 nurses caring for critical patients with COVID-19 participated. Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue (comprising burnout and secondary traumatic stress) were assessed with the Professional Quality of Life Scale, and resilience was measured with the Chinese 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale., Results: Moderate levels of compassion satisfaction (36.99 ± 6.71), burnout (24.14 ± 5.33) and secondary traumatic stress (24.53 ± 5.24) were experienced by frontline nurses. Resilience and perceived work pressure were the main predictors., Conclusions: Frontline nurses demonstrated a moderate level of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue., Implications for Nursing Management: The compassion fatigue of frontline nurses should be considered. Strategies aiming to reduce stress and enhance resilience, such as training about psychological adjustment, developing professional skills and creating a supportive workplace environment, are several options. The trial is not registered. This study is a cross-sectional study, and according to China's clinical trial registration standards, such studies are not required to be registered. So the trial is not registered. However, oral consent was obtained from the ethics committee of the hospital before this study was conducted., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aims: We aim to explore the prevalence and potential facilitators and inhibitors of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction among Chinese palliative care nurses., Background: Nurses with compassion fatigue may suffer from health-related problems, causing decreased work efficiency and quality of care. Palliative care nurses are especially at risk of compassion fatigue due to close contact with terminal patients., Methods: A province-wide cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was conducted among 318 palliative care nurses at 25 hospitals and healthcare institutions in Sichuan Province, China. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and five scales: Professional Quality of Life Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Connor-Davison Resilience Scale. Data analyses including descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression., Results: Mean scores (SD) for burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction were 25.42 (4.75), 26.08 (5.72), and 35.67 (5.77), respectively. Related factors predicted 40.30%, 27.10%, and 35.4% of the variance in the model of burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction, respectively (all p < .001)., Conclusions: The levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress among Chinese palliative care nurses were higher than those among other types of nurses. Social support, resilience, positive coping, family recognition of work, and income satisfaction are inhibitors of compassion fatigue among palliative care nurses., Implications for Nursing Management: Nursing administrators and educators should consider providing effective and targeted strategies (e.g. ongoing training and psychological interventions) to decrease compassion fatigue among palliative care nurses based on the cultural and ethical settings., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: To test a model that examines the direct and indirect effects of work-related stress on job-related affective well-being through compassion fatigue., Background: Despite the danger of infection, nurses' dedication to their work appears to be an innate desire to provide care for patients with COVID-19. Nonetheless, the universal effort to control the outbreak has led to extended work hours and workload, which has been defined as the primary contributor to work-related stress among nurses and might impact their job-related affective well-being., Method: We used a cross-sectional exploratory design. Data were collected using an online survey from 161 nurses working in the Saudi health care system. The survey included obtaining information on demographics and work-related stress using Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5 to measure compassion fatigue as well as a job-related affective well-being scale., Results: Work-related stress had significant negative direct effects on job-related affective well-being and positive effects on compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue had significantly negative direct effects on job-related affective well-being. Work-related stress exerted negative indirect effects on job-related affective well-being through compassion fatigue, which partially mediated the relationship., Conclusion: The findings supported the model and added to our understanding regarding the impact of work-related stress on nurses., Implications for Nursing Management: Stress reduction is an important element in improving staff outcomes as well as job-related affective well-being., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: To examine the experiences of nurses and nursing assistants who participated in a mindfulness project., Background: Increased demands and fewer resources have become the norm in most health care settings. As a result, health care professionals face exceptional stress in their work environments and are vulnerable to burnout and compassion fatigue. Even more distressing, many new nurses are leaving their jobs within the first two years., Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with nine participants to discover their experience with the project., Results: The major theme, a process of moving from practice to praxis, is brought forth through in-depth descriptive analysis of nine individual interviews. The process occurred through three themes: fostering self-awareness and compassion; fostering other-awareness and compassion; and compelling transformation in the unit culture., Conclusions: This study develops an evidence base for incorporating and building mindfulness into health care environments at a time when there is a tremendous need for highly functioning practitioners., Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse leaders are encouraged to examine how they can support their staff in moving from practice to praxis as a part of improving professional well-being, retention, quality and safety in health care., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: This study aimed to examine the association between workplace incivility and compassion competence of Korean nurses, as well as the moderating effect of psychological capital., Background: Workplace incivility affects the quality of patient care and as such is worthy of critical examination regarding its impact on the compassion competence of nurses., Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, data for 192 Korean hospital nurses were used to analyse the relationship between workplace incivility and compassion competence and the moderating effect of psychological capital., Results: Workplace incivility was negatively associated with compassion competence of nurses. Furthermore, psychological capital had a conditional moderating effect on the relationship between workplace incivility and nurses' compassion competence. The negative associations of workplace incivility with compassion competence were significant at low and medium levels of psychological capital but not at high psychological capital. Moreover, the association was stronger for those with low psychological capital., Conclusion: Workplace incivility is negatively associated with compassion competence among nurses, and psychological capital has conditional moderating effects in its relationship., Implications for Nursing Management: Management efforts to reduce workplace incivility and to improve nurses' psychological capital are needed to improve patient care quality., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: This study aims to investigate the influence of nurses' negative affective states on their knowledge-hiding behaviours through moral disengagement, and especially the moderating role of ethical leadership., Background: Researchers have paid much attention to the harmfulness of knowledge hiding, yet the mechanisms of why and how nurses' negative affective states have an impact on their knowledge-hiding behaviours are less clear., Method: Two different questionnaire surveys were used in two different studies. In Study 1, a research design with three stages, including 323 nurses (64.47% response rate, 51.70% male) working in a hospital in Shanghai, China, was used. Study 2 involved 317 nurses (63.40% response rate, 51.74% male) working in five hospitals in Shanghai, China. The two studies shared the same statistical method, in which hierarchical regression analyses, the Sobel test, and bootstrap estimates were used to test hypotheses., Results: We found that (a) nurses' negative affective states were positively related to their knowledge-hiding behaviours; (b) moral disengagement partially mediated this relationship in Study 1, but fully mediated it in Study 2; and (c) ethical leadership mitigated the indirect relationship between negative affective states and knowledge hiding via moral disengagement., Conclusion: Nurses with negative affective states are more likely to activate moral disengagement as a secondary cognitive process to make personal moral rules momentarily obscure, which, in turn, leads them to hide knowledge that is requested by other members. The above relationships will depend on the levels of ethical leadership., Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse managers should try to reduce nurses' knowledge-hiding behaviours by addressing nurses' negative affective states, decreasing nurses' moral disengagement, and performing ethical leadership behaviours., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Following declining health care practices at one UK health care site the subsequent and much publicized Francis Report made several far-reaching recommendations aimed at recovering optimal levels of care including stringent monitoring of practice. The aftermath of these deliberations have had resounding consequences for quality care both nationally and internationally., Design: A reflective qualitative appreciative qualitative inquiry using a hybrid approach combining case study and thematic analysis outlines the development and analysis of a solution-focused intervention aimed at restoring staff confidence and optimal care levels at one key UK hospital site. Personal diaries were used to collect data., Data Analysis: Data were analysed using descriptive thematic analysis., Discussion: The implications of the five emerging themes and the 10-step approach used are discussed in the context of understanding care erosion and ways to effect organisational change., Conclusion: A novel approach to addressing care deficits, which provides a promising bottom-up approach, initiated by health care policy makers is suggested for use in other health care settings when concerns about care arise. It is anticipated this approach will prove useful for nurse managers, particularly in relation to finding positive solutions to addressing problems that surround potential failing standards of care in hospitals., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: To evaluate characteristics of job-related meaningfulness, and to assess its potential to moderate the relationship between over-commitment and emotional exhaustion in nurses., Background: Increased demands on nurses may induce vulnerability to emotional exhaustion, decrease job satisfaction, and increase their intention to quit the job. The experience of job-related meaningfulness through meaning-centred logotherapy and counseling could be a resource to prevent emotional exhaustion., Method: Nurses (n = 466; 73% female) at an Austrian tertiary-care hospital participated in a cross-sectional survey for assessment of job-related meaningfulness by the newly developed CERES (Concern, Enthusiasm, Relevance, Efficacy, Satisfaction) scale. CERES was tested for its moderating interaction with over-commitment (assessed by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire) to prevent emotional exhaustion (as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory) by structural equation modelling., Results: The CERES scale consisting of five items has satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: .78). Over-commitment correlated significantly (p < .001) with emotional exhaustion. A moderating interaction of CERES with over-commitment on emotional exhaustion was found overall (p < .001), and separately for males (p = .002) and females (p < .001)., Conclusions: CERES is suitable for assessing experienced job-related meaningfulness and it moderates emotionally exhausting effects of over-commitment in nurses., Implications for Nursing Management: Nursing managers may improve nurses' awareness of job-related meaningfulness by focusing on meaning-centred feed-back and counselling and thereby strengthening perception of concern, enthusiasm, relevance, efficacy, and satisfaction regarding their caring behaviour., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aims: A meta-analysis was conducted of the prevalence rates of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout to identify the factors influencing these rates., Background: The extents of compassion fatigue and burnout adversely affect nursing efficiency. However, the reported prevalence rates vary considerably., Methods: Data were acquired from electronic databases. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to obtain pooled estimates of the prevalence rates of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout and their respective instrumental scores. Meta-regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing these rates., Results: Data from 21 studies were used for the meta-analysis. The prevalence rates of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout were 47.55%, 52.55% and 51.98%, respectively. The possession of Bachelor's or Master's degrees by the nurses was significantly inversely associated with the percent prevalence of compassion fatigue (coefficient: -1.187) and burnout (coefficient: -0.810). The compassion fatigue score was also significantly inversely associated with nursing status as registered or licensed practical nurse (coefficient: -0.135)., Conclusion: In nursing, the prevalence rates of compassion fatigue and burnout are high. Better education and training may have a moderating effect on compassion fatigue and burnout and could improve the quality of life of nurses., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aim: This is the first two-phase Australian study to explore the factors impacting upon compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress and to describe the strategies nurses use to build compassion satisfaction into their working lives., Background: Compassion fatigue has been found to impact on job satisfaction, the quality of patient care and retention within nursing. This study provides new knowledge on the influences of anxiety, stress and depression and how they relate to compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue., Method: In Phase 2 of the study, 10 nurses from Phase 1 of the study participated in individual interviews and a focus group. A semi-structured interview schedule guided the conversations with the participants., Result: Data analysis resulted in seven main themes: social networks and support;infrastructure and support; environment and lifestyle; learning; leadership; stress; and suggestions to build psychological wellness in nurses., Conclusion: Findings suggest that a nurse’s capacity to cope is enhanced through strong social and collegial support, infrastructure that supports the provision of quality nursing care and positive affirmation. These concepts are strongly linked to personal resilience., Implications: for nursing management These findings support the need for management to develop appropriate interventions to build resilience in nurses.

Aim: To explore compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction with the potential contributing factors of anxiety, depression and stress., Background: To date, no studies have connected the quality of work-life with other contributing and co-existing factors such as depression, anxiety and stress., Method: A self-report exploratory cross sectional survey of 132 nurses working in a tertiary hospital., Result: The reflective assessment risk profile model provides an excellent framework for examining the relationships between the professional quality of work factors and contributing factors within the established risk profiles. The results show a definite pattern of risk progression for the six factors examined for each risk profile. Additionally, burnout and secondary traumatic stress were significantly related to higher anxiety and depression levels. Higher anxiety levels were correlated with nurses who were younger, worked full-time and without a postgraduate qualification. Twenty percent had elevated levels of compassion fatigue: 7.6% having a very distressed profile. At-risk nurses' stress and depression scores were significantly higher than nurses with higher compassion satisfaction scores., Implications for Nursing Managers: The employed nurse workforce would benefit from a psychosocial capacity building intervention that reduces a nurse's risk profile, thus enhancing retention., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)