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Aim: To identify competencies important for effective nursing management and to assess managers' proficiency therein., Background: A lack of management capacity has been identified as the key stumbling block to health delivery in South Africa. Despite nursing managers being central to overcoming the challenges facing health care, there has been a paucity of research that empirically evaluates their skill levels., Methods: A survey was conducted among 171 senior nursing managers in South Africa using a self-administered questionnaire., Results: Public sector managers assessed themselves as being relatively less competent than private sector managers. The largest skill gaps for public sector managers were for 'ethico-legal', 'task-related' and 'controlling' skills whereas those for private sector managers were for 'ethico-legal', 'health-related ' and 'task-related' skills., Conclusions: This research confirmed the lack of management capacity within the health sector and identified areas in which the skills deficit was most significant for both the public and private sectors., Implications for Nursing Management: These findings reflect the needs of nursing managers and will be useful in the conceptualization, design and delivery of health management programmes aimed at enhancing management and leadership capacity in the health sector in South Africa.

Aim: To explore connections between spiritual metaparadigm and the nursing metaparadigm and advocate for a progressive spiritualization of nursing management. Background: Relationship between the spiritual holistic metaparadigm of love, communion and gift and the holonic nursing metaparadigm of care, relationship and practice is not completely understood. Method: The construction of a theoretical explanation on the basis of accumulated knowledge in the fields of nursing and spirituality (especially Christian spirituality) for the purpose of constructing a meaningful description. Results: Deep connectivity between the elements of both metaparadigms: love and care, communion and relationship, and gift and practice. Conclusion: The connection between the spiritual and nursing metaparadigms is real in nursing education, practice and management because of the holistic character of spirituality. In collective intentions and cultural values are the main channels of interaction between the nursing and the spiritual metaparadigms. Implications for nursing management: Spirituality influences nursing management by, among other things, (a) providing meaning and purpose; (b) promoting cohesion in health communities; (c) fostering respect for ethics; (d) stimulating innovation; (e) encouraging leadership; and (f) illuminating the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The current vs desired brand position of the nursing profession is examined using brand theory., Background: The nursing brand has a long and revered image with various stakeholder groups. However, the current image frequently represents nurses as caring advocates rather than Influential Leaders who deliver, manage and administer health care services., Evaluation: Recent quantitative field research describes perceptions of nurses' current vs desired brand position. A perceptual map illustrated a gap on the axes of Patient-Centered Caregivers and Leaders in Healthcare. Empirical literature provided the foundation for prescriptive advice, which could address potential threats and opportunities for the brand., Key Issue: Brand theory is used to describe how nurses' current image seems at odds with nurses' role in contemporary society. The largest gap on the perceptual map was on the 'Leadership Axis', suggesting more effort is needed to change perceptions of the essential leadership role of nurses in various health care systems., Implications for Nursing Management: The nursing profession needs to implement branding strategies, which close the gap between the current and desired brand positions. The central brand position of nurses as leaders should thread throughout practice, education, research and professional associations for effective brand repositioning to occur., (© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Nursing Management published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Aims This paper discusses the application of transformational leadership to the teaching and learning of safe medication management. Background The prevalence of adverse drug events ( ADEs) and medication-related hospitalisations (one hundred thousand each year in the USA) are of concern. Evaluation This discussion is based on a narrative literature review and scrutiny of international nursing research to synthesise pedagogical strategies for the application of transformational leadership to teaching medication safety. Key issues The four elements relating transformational leadership to medication safety education are: 'Idealised influence' or role modelling, both actual and exemplary, 'Inspirational motivation' providing students with commitment to medication safety, 'Intellectual stimulation' encouraging students to value improvement and change, and 'Individualised consideration' of individual students' educational goals, practice development and patient outcomes. The model lends itself to experiential learning and a case-study approach to teaching, offering an opportunity to reduce nursing's theory-practice gap. Conclusion Transformational leadership for medication safety education is characterised by a focus on the role of nurse educators and mentors in the development of students' abilities, creation of a supportive culture, and enhancement of students' creativity, motivation and ethical behaviour. This will prepare nursing graduates with the competencies necessary to be diligent about medication safety and the prevention of errors. Implications for nursing management Teaching medication safety through transformational leadership requires the close collaboration of educators, managers and policy makers. Investigation of strategies to reduced medication errors and consequent patient harm should include exploration of the application of transformational leadership to education and its impact on the number and severity of medication errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to identify high‐impact papers on global nursing to determine and analyse the publication of articles on core competencies in nursing‐related journals and the research trends in the era of globalization. Background: Bibliometrics has been shown to be an effective method for analysing publications. Through bibliometrics, nursing managers and researchers can understand the trends of high‐impact international nursing core competencies research, identify mainstream research directions and obtain relevant knowledge and information, thereby facilitating the translation of research outcomes into nursing management practice. Evaluation: The study adopted bibliometric analysis and the VOSviewer software to explore dynamic publication trends and analyse the current situation of nursing research from a comprehensive development perspective, which was realized by searching for nursing core competencies papers in the Web of Science (WoS) database, calculating citations and determining the trends of the most influential papers. Key issues: Nursing core competencies research grew rapidly between 1997 and 2022. Countries with the most core competencies publications were the United States, England, Australia and Canada. The Journal of Nursing Management has attracted substantial attention from researchers worldwide. Education, Management and Nurses were the most frequently used keywords in the study. A total of 534 papers were retrieved from the WoS database with the main research fields, including nursing, business economics, public environmental occupational health and health care science services. Conclusion: Equipping nursing graduates with core competencies has always been an important goal of global medical and nursing education. This study analysed papers across 35 years, most of which were published in the Journal of Nursing Management. In addition, the study identified some of the main research topics of nursing management, such as the integration of education with nursing management and the cultivation of nurses' core competencies. The study also provides a fresh review of highly cited articles. The results of the study show that high‐quality articles play the role of improving both the quality and the quantity of related research. By analysing the trends of the research on core competencies, this study lays a bibliometric foundation for researchers regarding international journals, hot topics and relevant fields. In addition, the highly cited articles reveal new perspectives for the nursing field, providing inspiration for nursing management and education researchers. Implications for Nursing Management: This study provides scholars and managers with an overview of the current situation of nursing management research and the development of benchmark journals. The study provides researchers not only with a better understanding of various international journals, allowing them to transition out of traditional thinking in the era of science and technology, but also with innovative thinking by combining research with nursing management. The results of this study invite nursing managers to study relevant topics of core competencies and integrate information technology to education, management and nurses, thereby contributing to nursing management and educational research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this paper is to critically evaluate the literature investigating the impact of nurse leadership education on clinical practice. Background: Effective leadership is vital for high‐quality patient care. Leadership education is designed to support nurses to develop the appropriate skills and behaviors to become clinical leaders. However, to date, the impact of such education on subsequent clinical practice is unclear. Evaluation: An integrative review was conducted. Ten papers were included related to the experiences of nurses undertaking leadership education. Key issue: Analysis of the included papers indicated that leadership education contributed to improving clinical practice in two ways. These two key themes were; impact on the individual and impact on others. Conclusion: While there is a plethora of literature reviewing nurse leadership and clinical practice, there is a gap in understanding how nurse leadership education can contribute to changed practice. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse managers can use this information to guide future leadership education programs to ensure that they promote positive work environments and high‐quality care that improves clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study presents a general bibliometric overview of the developmental status of Journal of Nursing Management from its first issue (1993) to 2018. Background: Bibliometric method is proved to be effective in analysing the publication characteristics and influence of a given journal, and it gained considerable interest from the scientific community in recent years. However, to the best of our knowledge, bibliometric approach was not previously used to analyse the publications of Journal of Nursing Management. Methods: A total of 1,913 publications of Journal of Nursing Management were retrieved from Scopus database. Bibliometric analysis was used to explore the dynamic trends of publications and to identify most influential authors, institutions, countries and research teams in this journal. This paper also uses the VOS viewer software to graphically map the hot topics of Journal of Nursing Management. Results: After a rapid growth from 2006 to 2008, the number of publications of Journal of Nursing Management tends to stabilize with exception of several years in the latest 11 years. The top prolific institutions are mainly from the UK, Canada, Finland and Sweden, and Journal of Nursing Management has attracted increasing attention from researchers around the world. Nursing, nurses, management, leadership and job satisfaction are the most frequently used keywords in Journal of Nursing Management. Conclusion: Nursing management, nursing leadership/leaders, nursing human resource management, nursing quality and safety management, nursing communication, and conflict management have always been popular topics in Journal of Nursing Management. Implications for Nursing Management: This study informs scholars and managers within nursing management field about structured knowledge of the research status and development of Journal of Nursing Management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore 'missed care' in relation to primary and community settings, including nursing homes, and to build an understanding of implications for patients, public, politicians and policymakers. Background: Missed care occurs when any aspect of required patient care is omitted or delayed. Little attention has examined missed care in primary, community and nursing home settings. Methods: Systematic review of the literature. Searches were conducted of PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar (July 2018). The quality of empirical studies was appraised using CASP and SURE tools. Results: The search identified 15 metrics papers (2004–2019) and eight empirical papers (2015–2018) (five studies). Empirical studies were rated as good quality. Missed care impacts on safety in community/primary care contexts and differs from acute care. Causes of missed care include acuity, complexity of cases, volume of care and organisational factors. Metrics have been adapted to community/nursing home settings but not in a standardised way. Tools are required to evaluate missed care within a culture of personal reflection and quality improvement. Conclusion: The prominence of missed acute care should not distract from its impact in primary, community and nursing home settings. Nurse leaders should consider causes for missed care, and how it is conceptualized and evaluated. Implications for Nursing Management: This review offers evidence for exploring, measuring and evaluating missed care locally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although individual factors play a vital role in determining professional autonomy, their specific impact during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not been studied. This study aimed to compare nurses' professional autonomy when caring for patients with COVID-19 and for other patients and explore factors related to autonomy when caring for these patients. A paper-based questionnaire survey was conducted from June to August 2022 among nurses working at a university hospital in Japan. The survey included demographic factors (10 items, including, age, section, years of nursing experience, position, educational background, ladder level, and having certified nurse specialists or certified nurse qualifications) and individual experience factors (4 items: number of COVID-19 patients experienced, frequency and contents of searching for the latest information about COVID-19, frequency of using scientific sources, and frequency of training/study sessions on COVID-19 attended at the hospital). Additionally, basic knowledge of COVID-19 was evaluated. The scale for nurses' professional autonomy was developed based on a previous study. A paired t-test and stepwise multiple linear regression were used for the analyses. Overall, 241 nurses participated in the survey. The average length of nursing experience was 10.3 ± 9.2 years. The total scores for nurses' professional autonomy in all 5 factors 27 items were significantly lower (t = −12.1, p < 0.001) when caring for COVID-19 patients than when caring for other patients. Specifically, Factor 1 (Cognition) exhibited the most decreased scores when caring for COVID-19 patients than when caring for other patients. Factor 4 (Abstract judgment) differed the least between caring for COVID-19 and for other patients, but the average score was the lowest. More years of nursing experience (β = 0.208, p = 0.001) and a higher number of patients with COVID-19 cared for (β = 0.140, p = 0.026) were associated with higher autonomy scores. In conclusion, to enhance professional autonomy during an unprecedented pandemic, nurses must enhance cognition and abstract judgment. In the event of a future pandemic, nurses need to create an environment in which they routinely access and utilize the latest information and scientific evidence to provide high-quality nursing care based on their professional judgment and competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the academic use of artificial intelligence (AI) in nursing. Background: A bibliometric analysis combined with the VOSviewer software quantification method has been utilized for a literature analysis. In recent years, this approach has attracted the interest of scholars in various research fields. Thus far, there is no publication using bibliometric analysis combined with the VOSviewer software to analyse the applications of AI in nursing. Method: A bibliometric analysis methodology was used to search for relevant articles published between 1984 and March 2022. Six databases, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, WoS and MEDLINE, were included to identify relevant studies, and data such as the year of publication, journals, country, institutional source, field and keywords were analysed. Results: Most relevant articles were published from institutions in the United States. The League of European Research Universities has published most research studies that use AI and nursing. Scholars have mainly focused on nursing, medical informatics, computer science AI, healthcare sciences services and physics particles fields. Commonly used keywords were machine learning, care, AI, natural language processing, prediction and nurse. Conclusion: Research articles were mainly published in Nurse Education Today. Research topics such as AI‐assisted medical recording and medical decision making were also identified. According to this study, AI in nursing has the potential to attract more attention from researchers and nursing managers. Additional high‐quality research beyond the scope of medical education, as well as on cross‐domain collaboration, is warranted to explore the acceptability and effective implementation of AI technologies. Implications for Nursing Management: This study provides scholars and nursing managers with structured information regarding the use of AI in nursing based on scientific and technological developments across different fields and institutions. The application of AI can improve nursing management, nursing quality, safety management and team communication, as well as encourage future international collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim(s): This study aims to present the theory of resigning in supporting nurse managers in dealing with nurses' ethical challenge of caring. Background: In a COVID‐19 era, nurses continue to be ethically challenged in maintaining safe patient care. Nurse managers play a critical role supporting staff in responding to the complexities of working in, under resourced environments. Evaluation: Literature suggests care delivery is compromised in times of staff shortages, lack of resources and increased demands on nurses. Examining caring behaviours through the theoretical lens of the theory of resigning enables nurse managers to understand nurses' behaviours, cultivating supportive working environments. Key issue(s): Nurses strive to provide quality, safe care but are sometimes unable to give the level or type of care they wish, due to the presence of constraints. Conclusion(s): This paper provides suggestions for nurse managers in dealing with nurses' daily moral distress arising from working within constraints while still trying to provide safe care. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse managers need to develop greater insights into the ethical dilemmas nurses experience and support them to temporarily realign beliefs and values, while continuing to work within constraints. Understanding ethical dilemmas of prioritizing care is required to address and manage this concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper aims to unpack the concept of "skill mix" into its constituent parts to achieve a better understanding and reduce confusion associated with the term. Background: Skill mix is a topic that is widely debated and is foremost on the health policy agenda due to specific local pressures within international health services. At present, however, there is large variation in terms of what is understood by the concept of "skill mix" and there is a paucity of research that attempts to analyse this concept. Evaluation: Using Rodgers' evolutionary method of concept analysis, this paper provides an analysis of definitions of skill mix, its attributes and associated terms in the literature. Key issue: Definitions of skill mix are often vague and ambiguous and may refer to one or more attributes of skill mix. Conclusion: A lack of understanding of the concept can lead to an ad hoc interpretation of policy recommendations related to skill mix at local level. Implications for Nursing Management: A better understanding of the concept of "skill mix" and its attributes can assist both policy makers and stakeholders, including nurse management, to ensure that the potential of skill mix is maximized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. This paper aimed to examine the current state of nurse safety behavior, and the effect of work engagement on it, and to explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy between work engagement and nurse safety behavior in specialized cancer hospitals. Background. Nurse safety behavior affects the quality of care and outcomes for patients with cancer. The research proves that self-efficacy is associated with work engagement, but the relationship between self-efficacy, work engagement, and nurse safety behavior needs to be clarified. Methods. This study used a convenience sampling method to survey 957 nurses from January to February 2023. The survey included tertiary specialized cancer hospitals in five provinces in China. Sociodemography information, the Work Engagement Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Nurse Safety Behavior Scale were used for the survey. A Questionnaire Star program collected all the data automatically. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 was employed for Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis to examine the association between work engagement, self-efficacy, and nurse safety behavior. Structural equation models were built using Analysis of Moment Structures version 24.0 software. Results. The results showed that the nurse safety behavior was at a high level in specialized cancer hospitals. There was a significant positive relationship between the variables work engagement, self-efficacy, and nurse safety behavior with coefficients ranging from 0.244 to 0.564. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that self-efficacy partially mediated the effect between work engagement and nurse safety behavior, accounting for 25.3% of the total effect. Conclusion. Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between work engagement and nurse safety behavior, and by increasing self-efficacy, nurse safety behavior can be improved, thus ensuring patient safety. Implications for Nursing Management. Managers should promote high work engagement and nurse safety behaviors by fostering nurses' self-efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To review the evidence on the effects/impact of electronic nursing documentation interventions on promoting or improving quality care and/or patient safety in acute hospital settings. Background: Electronic documentation has been recommended to improve quality care and patient safety. With the gradual move from paper‐based to electronic nursing documentation internationally, there is a need to identify interventions that can effectively improve quality care and patient safety. Evaluation: We conducted a systematic review on the effectiveness of electronic nursing documentation interventions on promoting or improving quality care and/or patient safety in acute hospital settings. Key Issues: Six articles reporting on six individual studies met all eligibility criteria. They were uncontrolled pre/post intervention studies reporting positive impacts on at least one or more outcomes. Most outcomes related to documentation practice and documentation of content. Conclusion: Some evidence from our review indicates that implementing electronic nursing documentation in acute hospital settings is time saving, reduces rates of documentation errors, falls and infections. Implications for Nursing Management: A planned approach from management over time to allow nurses adapt to new electronic systems of documentation would seem a good investment in terms of efficiency of work time, possibly resulting in more time for clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AimThrough a review of philosophical and theoretical constructs, this paper offers insight and guidance as to ways in which nurse leaders may operationalize advocacy and an adherence to nursing's core ethical values.BackgroundThe US health care system works in opposition to core nursing values. Nurse leaders are obliged to advocate for the preservation of ethical care delivery.EvaluationThis paper draws upon the philosophies of Fromm, Foucault, and Deleuze and Guattari to critically review the functions of nurse leaders within a capitalist paradigm.Key issueKey emergent issues in the paper include health care and capitalism and the nurse leader's obligations towards advocacy.ConclusionThe nurse leader acts as parrhèsia in viewing truth telling as a duty critical to improving the lives of patients. Ramifications of the decisions by those in power have even greater impact in institutions that serve those with little to no political agency.Implications for nursing managementThe nurse leader has a freedom and platform that their patients do not and must take the courageous risk of choosing to speak. This paper serves as a call to action for nurse leaders to urgently address the current state of US health outcomes.

Aims: This study aimed to identify recommendations for quality nursing care provision, focusing on the possibilities of delivering telehealth nursing at the national level in the Czech Republic. Background: The significant growth in the use of technology in health care has changed the environment for patient care and how health care is provided. The COVID‐19 pandemic has shown the requirement for telemedicine use in everyday clinical practice. Evaluation: A literature review aims to find guidelines, recommendations, manuals, standards or consensus papers published in 2017–2022. Key Issues: In total, 12 guidelines were identified. Based on a critical evaluation carried out by two experts, the World Health Organization guideline focused on digital interventions to strengthen the health system has been identified. This guideline was evaluated to be of the highest quality and in line with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations methodology. Conclusion: The provision of telemedicine nursing interventions is currently limited at the national level and is not entirely accepted in reimbursement yet. The interprofessional collaboration will be initiated to make recommendations for specific patient groups. Implications for Nursing Management: Selected guidelines can be recommended for national adoption to set up and support nursing interventions in telemedicine, including nursing management settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aims to understand the current situation and multiple factors affecting the core competence specializing in the maternal, neonatal and under‐five nursing in China. Background: Highly skilled nurses and midwives are essential worldwide for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries like China, due to the overwhelming COVID‐19 crisis. Method: The 890 nurses and midwives from 12 hospitals were investigated in this cross‐sectional study, with two questionnaires: the sociodemographic information and competency inventory for the registered nurses. Results: The participants reported a mean total score of 193.78 (±42.19) out of 220 and lowest in critical thinking and research ability (3.01 ± 0.82). The professional title, level, marital status, relationship quality, highest qualification, experience in specialist nurse training, participation in scientific research projects and publishing papers were the influencing factors (P <.05). Conclusions: The respondents' core competence needs improvement, especially critical regarding thinking and research ability. In addition, marriage and good or excellent relationship quality are factors that can potentially improve competence. Implications for Nursing Management: Targeted interventions for higher core nursing competence need to be implemented, especially focusing on nurses' marital status and emotional support from partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aim to investigate nurses' perceptions of support after incidences of Workplace Violence. Background: Nurses experience workplace violence daily. Adequate support following incidents of violence can reduce adverse impacts. Current support systems for coping with workplace violence are lacking. Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with 23 nurses working in a regional Queensland Hospital. Qualitative data was transcribed and thematically analyzed to determine themes. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist was followed. Results: The primary source of support after a violent incident was from other nurses. Support was needed immediately to empower nurses to be able to continue their caring role. Often the support was not provided nor were nurses aware of the support services available. Although personal family and friends were a valuable support, most nurses were reluctant to disclose their experiences to protect them. Conclusions: This paper discusses nurses' experience of support following violence incidents at work as part of findings from a more extensive study that explored the perceptions of nurses regarding violence, strategies and support in a regional Queensland Hospital. Hospital support following a violent incident was perceived as inadequate and nurses felt unsupported immediately following an incident. Implications for Nursing Management: After an incidence of workplace violence, appropriate effective support may mitigate the enduring impacts of experiencing violence. There is the need for hospital management to provide effective support services and improve staff awareness of available support services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This paper adopts a gender role socialization theoretical lens to analyze how different types of bullying techniques are heavily influenced by indirect passive aggression strategies usually considered normal 'women's behavior'. Background: Workplace bullying as an organisational phenomenon has so far been examined within gender‐neutral parameters. This study tries to overcome this existing lacuna within the literature on gender and workplace bullying. Method: The study integrates dialectical phenomenology and in‐depth interviews with nine nurses from the nursing field to examine the gendered nature of workplace bullying. Results: The empirical data reveals that it is possible to interpret workplace bullying as an acceptable practice due to certain societal and cultural conditioning of women, thereby hindering the ability of management to combat and condone it within the health care sector effectively. Conclusion: This study widens perspectives pertaining to power, control, gender and workplace bullying. Insights are provided on how bullying techniques are similar to passive aggressive techniques used by females rendering bullying an integral feature of the nursing profession despite its negative outcomes. Implications for nursing management: It might be challenging to erase workplace bullying from the nursing field because of its gendered implications, raising serious ethical considerations for the health care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify the factors that are associated with missed nursing care and the nurses' intention to leave. Background: Errors and mistakes are an inevitable part of work, but there is increased evidence that missed care is a concerning issue affecting nurses' ability to effectively coordinate, provide and evaluate care interventions delivered to patients globally. Evaluation: An integrative review of qualitative and quantitative studies examining the consequences of missed nursing care, including intention to leave. Key issues: Eight papers met the inclusion criteria. Thematic analysis generated three themes: Prevalence of missed nursing care, Factors associated with missed nursing care, Factors that impact on missed care and influence the intention to leave. Conclusion: The outcomes of this review demonstrate the need for critical interventions to address the factors that can impact the provision of high‐quality nursing care. Implications for Practice: Missed nursing care is not only a patient safety issue but may also contribute to the inadequate staffing levels. And, better understanding of the factors that affect the intention to leave by nurse managers can stimulate the development of appropriate leadership styles in combination with adjustment of workplace to prevent intention to leave. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This paper describes findings from a survey conducted in New Zealand exploring nurses' decision‐making about when to delay care, delegate care, hand care over or leave care undone. Unanticipated findings identified processes that nurses go through when deciding to take planned/unplanned leave when wards are constrained through budget limitations. Background: Missed/rationed care is increasingly the focus of attention in international studies, identifying a complex interplay of organisational, professional and personal factors affecting nurses' decision‐making when faced with limited organisational time, human and material resources to provide care. Methods: The survey presented nurses with Likert‐scale questions with option for free text comments. This paper reports on the commentaries about work–life balance. Results: Nurses described workload pressures that lead to rationing care affected them, and the long‐term effect on them as individuals. Nurses verbalized the difficulties and associated guilt about taking leaving and sick leave when wards were short staffed. Conclusions: Nurses consider how their absence will affect the workspace and their home first, considering the impact on themselves last. Implications: The findings may provide valuable insights for nurse managers in relation to workforce allocations and resources where acknowledgement of work–life balance is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aims to explore a proposed translational research continuum for nurse practitioners. Background: Nurse practitioners are acknowledged as clinical leaders responsible for transforming health care delivery. It is important that nurse practitioners contribute to health care knowledge using scientific processes for the implementation of evidence‐based practice and evaluation of outcomes of interventions for their patient groups. Evaluation: This paper provides a review of translational research literature including implementation science to align nurse practitioner activities to a modified translational research framework. Key Issues: A translational research framework has the potential to strengthen nursing research in the nurse practitioner role. Adapting an accepted translational research continuum for nurse practitioners places the clinical nursing leaders in an equitable research position with all health care professionals. Implications for Nursing Management: The translational research continuum provides nursing management with a structure to benchmark nursing research. The continuum applies a modern research framework to support research engagement for the nurse practitioner role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify organisational characteristics and practices that promote or inhibit the recognition of sexuality in the care of older people in health and aged care settings. Background: Sexuality in old age is poorly understood by health professionals and rarely addressed in care planning and delivery. Nurse managers are ideally placed to lead organisations in promoting a culture of acceptance that enables the expression of sexuality. Evaluation: A search for research/expert opinion papers published from January 2004 to February 2017 was undertaken. Two reviewers performed data extraction and appraisal of 34 included studies using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. The primarily qualitative research was analysed to identify 152 findings that were organised into 22 categories and combined into four syntheses. Key issue(s): An organisation's philosophies frame the way older people's sexuality is perceived. Cultivating a culture and environment of acceptance, engagement and knowledge and delivering care in a way that promotes opportunity for safe and private expression of sexuality are key enabling factors. Conclusion(s): Organisations and nurse leaders can support and facilitate older adults' expression of their sexuality through the review and development of philosophies, policies, procedures, staff attitudes and knowledge and the creation of a conducive environment. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse managers play a pivotal role in developing a sexuality‐positive organisational ethos by ensuring policies, care practices, the environment and amenities are supportive of the expression of sexuality and by role modelling attitudes of respect and inclusivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim We present three case studies of discrimination to illustrate how racist bullying as discriminatory practices operates in the workplace. Background Workplace bullying in the British health care sector is reported along with evidence of discrimination towards overseas-trained nurses recruited to work in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods The three interviews, which form the basis of the discussion in this paper, were selected purposively from a national study of overseas nurses because they present strong examples of the phenomenon of workplace bullying. The data on which this paper draws were collected through semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews and thematically re-analysed usingnvivo V2. Results The national study showed how racism is entrenched in health workplaces. Our findings in this paper suggest that racism can be understood by the concept of racist bullying. There are four key findings which illustrate racist bullying in the workplace: abusive power relationships, communication difficulties, emotional reactions to racist bullying and responses to bullying. Conclusions We argue that the literature on workplace bullying adds a layer of analysis of discrimination at the individual and organizational levels which enables us to further delineate racist bullying. We conclude that racist bullying can be specifically identified as a form of bullying. Implications for nursing managers Our data may assist managers to challenge current workplace working practices and support bullied employees. The three interviews show different responses to racist bullying which allow us to explore some implications for management practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the re-evaluation of the contribution of nurses to health care in Great Britain. Leadership roles of nurses, midwives and health consultants; Increase in the responsibilities of nurses; Implications of the nursing roles to nursing management.

AIM: The aim of the study is to clarify the concept of supervision by means of concept analysis, in order to evaluate the concept's application to the practise of public health nurses. BACKGROUND: According to the World Health Organization, a change in strategies for improving public health is necessary. This change demands new strategies. There exists little research concerning intervention strategies in public health. The concept of supervision is well used, but neither well-defined nor well described, either within the nursing discipline or across disciplinary boundaries. METHODS: The method is a review of literature. Twenty scientific papers covering the years 1996-2001 are analysed, using a concept-analysis methodology. FINDINGS: Supervision can be defined as a formal, pedagogical, relational enabling process, related to professional competence. Relationship and dialogue are central aspects. Supervision is based on theory and humanistic values, has a normative, formative and restorative function. The supervisor's competence is of great importance. Supervision has unclear boundaries with concepts such as psychotherapy, consultation and counselling. CONCLUSION: The concept of supervision as described in the selected papers is applicable to public health nurses' supervision of clients, with adaptation caused by the contextual variation of the relationship. Related to clients, supervision can be defined as a formal, pedagogical, relational enabling process with the purpose to strengthen resources, enhance assertiveness and improve independence and coping. It is necessary that registered public health nurses have the competence to supervise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence and reasons for non‐nursing tasks as perceived by nurses. Background: Four types of non‐nursing tasks have been identified to date: (a) auxiliary; (b) administrative, (c) expected by allied health care professionals; and (d) medical. However, no studies on a large scale have been performed with the aim of identifying the prevalence of all of these non‐nursing tasks, and factors promoting or hindering their occurrence, given that they represent a clear waste of nurses' time. Methods: A cross‐sectional study in 2017, following The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies. All active nurses registered in an Italian provincial Nursing Board (=1331) willing to participate were involved. A questionnaire survey exploring the nature of the nursing tasks performed in daily practice and the underlying reasons was administered via paper/pencil and e‐mail. Results: A total of 733 nurses participated of which 94.5% performed at least one type of non‐nursing task, mainly administrative and auxiliary. Auxiliary tasks are less likely among nurses working in a community (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% CI 0.29–0.63, p <.01) or in a residential (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23–0.72, p <.01) setting, in critical (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.16–0.54, p <.01) or surgical (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.19–0.75, p <.01) hospital settings, and when they deal with unexpected clinical events (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.44–0.77, p <.01). Greater adequacy of nursing resources decreases the occurrence of auxiliary tasks (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99, p <.01), whereas the need to compensate for a lack of resources (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.07–1.93, p <.01) increases it. Conclusions: Around one‐third of shift time is devoted to non‐nursing tasks; working in a hospital, in medical units, with lack of resources and with patients with predictable clinical conditions might increase the occurrence of auxiliary tasks. Implications for nursing management: Strategies to increase the time available for nursing care should consider the type of tasks performed by nurses, their antecedents and the value added to care in terms of patient' benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim(s) To understand how nurse managers facilitate learning in clinical workplaces. Background: Meeting staff learning needs in the complex workplaces of contemporary health care is paramount to the delivery of safe patient care. Hospitals employ a range of strategies to address these needs. However, nurse managers' contribution to staff learning at the unit level is underexplored in contemporary literature. Method(s): A Gadamerian philosophical hermeneutic framework guided data collection and analysis. Thirteen nurse managers from two Australian hospitals each participated in two interviews and a period of observation. Findings Nurse managers' learning facilitation practices were enacted with staff individually, within teams, and through artefacts, and were shaped by their identities, perspectives on staff learning, knowledge of staff performance, and motivations. Power was revealed as a uniquely enacted driver of their learning facilitation practices. Conclusion(s): This paper illuminates an aspect of nurse managers' practice that has been poorly acknowledged in contemporary nursing literature. Nurse managers' learning facilitation practices were found to be complex, fluid, and embedded in their everyday work routines. Implications for Nursing Management: Given current concerns about safety and quality in health care, this research opens up possibilities for definition and enrichment of nurse managers' practice as facilitators of learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between high‐involvement human resource management, autonomy, affective organisational commitment and innovative behaviours of nursing staff who care for elderly clients. Background: Nursing teams are increasingly required to demonstrate innovative behaviours that enhance care quality. Nursing leaders need to create environments where nursing staff have sufficient autonomy and feel a sense of commitment to support these behaviours. The appropriate implementation of these processes and practices may lead to greater involvement. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey‐based research design was employed to explore the experiences of involvement practices, autonomy, affective organisational commitment and innovative behaviours of 567 nursing staff workers from four elderly care organisations in the Netherlands. Results: The results demonstrate that a bundle of high‐involvement practices positively influences innovative behaviour and that affective commitment and autonomy fully mediate this relationship. Conclusions: The study highlights the role of autonomy and commitment as routes towards translating involvement practices into nurses' innovativeness. Implications for Nursing Management: To create an innovative environment, leaders need to create a positive climate by providing nurses with opportunities to enhance their competence, relatedness and autonomy through active involvement. Leaders should, therefore, encourage involvement as a mechanism to promote innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses papers on nursing management within this issue including one on the preparation of nurses for front-line management and another on a study about nurse specialist roles.

Aim: This research aims to present a general summary of researches on workplace incivility in nursing using bibliometric indicators. Background: Nurses regularly experience incivility from their working environment. However, evidence shows that it has significant potential for harmful consequences, both in terms of their health and in terms of productivity. Therefore, nursing and hospital managers have a crucial role in creation and maintenance of civil behaviour. Method(s): This research reports on a bibliometric analysis using a systematic review of academic literature on workplace incivility in nursing. A search of Web of Science databases was performed, and a total of 269 abstracts were investigated. Calculation of bibliometric indicator was done in Excel, and tag clouds had been created in VOSviewer. Results: Nursing incivility literature is growing, and the United States contributed the largest number of papers. Studies have been carried out on nurses working in hospitals and nursing students in general. Topics are mainly focused on the organisational consequences of uncivil behaviour. Conclusion(s): This study reveals that there are not enough studies on workplace incivility in nursing. Implications for nursing management: As a result obtained from this research, it especially recommends health care and nursing managers to research some risky groups and subject less studied yet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This paper used Social Exchange Theory to empirically examine whether perceived organisational support, satisfaction with training and development and perception of discretionary power are antecedents of engagement for registered nurses working in Italian public and private hospitals ( n = 827). Background According to Social Exchange Theory, effective workplace relationships support employees and encourage nurses to use training to enhance their workplace outcomes. Method This research used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from registered nurses working in six Italian hospitals using a survey-based, self-report strategy. Result Regression analysis found that the variance of process-oriented supervision accounted for 6.9% of Italian registered nurse's perception of engagement, training and development accounted for 26.8% and discretionary power accounted for 2.1%. Conclusion Workplace relationships enhance autonomy and engagement. Effective workplace relationship impacts positively on nurses' outcome. Implications for nursing management This paper confirms the relevance of training to enhance engagement of nurses. It also confirms the importance of workplace relationships in enhancing autonomy and engagement. Previous research has identified the importance of nurses' autonomy in an environment where there are shortages of nurses. This study confirms a similar situation for Italian nurses. The findings underline the relevance of investments in continuous professional development to enhance nurses' engagement in private and public health-care settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore influences on nurses' missed care decision‐making processes in acute hospital paediatric care. Background: Many contemporary studies describe the phenomenon of missed care. It is clear that environment and organizational culture influence the nursing activities; however, what influences their decision‐making processes has not been investigated. Method: A descriptive qualitative inquiry was performed using semi‐structured interviews with paediatric nurses (n = 20) from one Italian paediatric hospital. Findings: Thematic analysis revealed four themes: nurses' value system; hospital logistics, structures and resources; prioritization processes; and the informal caregiver's role. Conclusion: This paper offers insights into the various factors involved in nurses' decision‐making process when contemplating missed care that will be of use to managers when planning care or addressing missed care in the paediatric clinical setting. Implications for Nursing Management: Knowledge and awareness of missed care in children's nursing needs greater exploration, especially in relation to what influences nurses' decision‐making choices around missed care. Overall, a greater understanding of this will help managers to manage situations effectively and ethically so that missed care does not impact on outcomes for children in health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study sought to explore how bullying in the nursing profession in Australia has changed over four decades, and why it continues to persist. Background: Bullying in nursing is recognized as a pervasive problem. While much attention has been given to demonstrating the existence and impact of bullying in the nursing profession, little is understood about the evolution of this phenomenon and factors that contribute to its persistence. Methods: This study employed an historical methodology using the testimony method of data collection. Testimonies were collected online and via interview from seventy registered nurses across Australia. Data were analysed using a three‐dimensional analysis to produce a chronological historiography. Results: This study found that the antecedents, manifestations, responses to and impacts of bullying in the nursing profession changed according to context and over time. The findings shed light on the role of nurse managers in the prevention and appropriate management of bullying in the workplace. Conclusion: Prevention and intervention approaches must be developed to combat the complex and changing factors that allow bullying to persist. Implications for Nursing Management: This study shows the role that management plays in tackling the problem of bullying in nursing. It can no longer be acceptable for culture to be used as an excuse for unacceptable behaviour, nor for power to be abused to protect perpetrators of workplace bullying. The findings discussed in this paper reveal that inexperienced nurse managers are often ill‐equipped to identify and manage bullying. Nurses in management positions must recognize and acknowledge this deficit if the problem of bullying is to be effectively tackled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To investigate the current public understanding and perceptions of nursing. Background In recent years, attention to large scale health-care failures has focused considerable concern upon nursing standards. To avoid short-term solutions, and the temptation to see individual failures as representative of the wider profession, it is important to understand contemporary public perceptions of nursing. Evaluation A systematic review and narrative synthesis of peer reviewed papers from January 2010 to September 2015. Key issues Four main themes were identified: (1) media portrayal of nursing as a troubled profession; (2) entertainment value in demeaning nursing; (3) role incongruity - nursing trusted but not respected; and (4) nursing roles remain poorly understood. Conclusions Although there is evidence of strong public trust, this does not generally appear to be born out of an understanding of nursing work and impact; rather it appears to stem from the respect held for the traditional, more sentimental stereotypes of selfless, hardworking young females. Implications for nursing management A long-term, strategic solution is required that focuses on public engagement and interaction with the profession in a context wider than personal health/ill-health, and that goes beyond the marketing campaigns seen in the past to address recruitment crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims This paper provides an overview of 80 papers on research into spiritual care in nursing between 2006 and 2010, to enable nurses and nurse managers to make use of evidence available to them to improve quality of care and implement best practice. Background Research into spiritual care has grown rapidly since a review of the field in 2006. Evaluation The CINAHL database was used to search for 'spirituality' OR 'spiritual care' AND 'nursing, looking for original research papers involving health-care practitioners. Key issues Research is discussed in the following themes: nursing education; care of health-care practitioners, including nurses; descriptive and correlational research; assessment tools used in research; palliative care and oncology; culture and spiritual care research. Future research should take into account the risks of research that does not involve patients and the need for research that is translatable into contexts other than the setting under study. Implications for nursing management Spiritual care research has implications for staff training and education, staff motivation and health, organisational culture, best practice, quality of care and, most importantly, for the health of patients. Nurse managers, and indeed all involved in management of nursing, should use this growing body of evidence to inform their spiritual care training, planning and delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims To describe the current 'state of the art' in relation to spiritual assessment, focusing on quantitative, qualitative and generic approaches; to explore the professional implications of spiritual assessment; and to make practical recommendations to managers seeking to promote spiritual assessment in their places of work. Method The paper integrates aspects of a recent systematic review of quantitative approaches to measuring spirituality and a recent meta-synthesis of qualitative research into client perspectives of spiritual needs in health and the principles of generic assessment, before drawing on the wider literature to discuss a number of professional implications and making recommendations to nurse managers. Implications for nursing management The issues to emerge from this paper are (1) that spiritual assessment is an increasingly important issue for nursing practice, (2) that the range of reliable and valid quantitative instruments for use in clinical practice is limited, (3) that there is overlap in the domains and categories of spirituality identified by quantitative and qualitative researchers, and (4) that nurse managers seeking to introduce spiritual assessment will do so in the context of a professional debate about the relevance of spirituality to contemporary practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of collaboration on nursing management in Great Britain. The article focuses on the significance of government-professional cooperation on the success of the field of nursing and how the discipline has been affected by the move of nursing education away from the National Health Service.

brinkert r. (2010) Journal of Nursing Management  18, 145–156 A literature review of conflict communication causes, costs, benefits and interventions in nursing Aim This paper reviews the literature on conflict communication in nursing in order to prioritize research, theory and interventions that will support nurse managers and staff nurses. Background Conflict is pervasive in nursing and has many costs, including burnout, higher absenteeism and higher turnover. Increased and more effective use of conflict management seems important in sustaining and developing the field. Methods The literature study focused on the intersection of nursing, communication and conflict. The review primarily drew from the nursing and communication disciplines. Results While much is known about the sources and costs of conflict in nursing, more can be done to research the benefits of conflict and intervene effectively. Conclusions Conflict is a routine feature of nursing. Nonetheless, sources can be managed, costs decreased and benefits increased with indirect and direct interventions. Implications for nursing management Nurse managers can support themselves and others in working through conflict by normalizing conflict, employing proven proactive and reactive interventions and by helping to build integrated conflict management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This paper describes the development and testing of the psychometric property of the Toxic Leadership Behaviors of Nurse Managers (ToxBH‐NM) Scale. Background: Toxic leadership is growing increasingly pervasive in the field of nursing. However, the current literature lacks comprehensive attempts to explain how toxic leadership disrupts work processes in the field of nursing, a reality confounded in part by the absence of a reliable and a valid scale on which to examine toxic leadership behaviours in nurse managers. Methods: An exploratory sequential research design was used to formulate and evaluate the psychometric property of ToxBH‐NM Scale. The content validity was examined by experts in nursing administration. A sample of 313 nurses from selected hospitals was recruited to assess the scale's reliability and validity. The factor structure of the newly developed scale was determined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: Exploratory factor analysis for ToxBH‐NM Scale revealed 30 items loading on four factors. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.975, and Cronbach's α coefficient ranged from 0.895 to 0.965 for the four factors. Corrected item‐to‐total (0.310–0.69) and item‐to‐item correlations (0.47–0.66) were acceptable. The Scale‐content Validity Index was 0.957, and the Item‐content Validity Index ranged from 0.833 to 1.000. The test–retest reliability coefficient of ToxBH‐NM Scale was 0.801, with a reliability coefficient that ranged from 0.745 to 0.911 for the four factors. The four factors explained 71.84% of the observed variance. Conclusions: ToxBH‐NM Scale shows good psychometric properties and can be used to evaluate toxic leadership behaviours among nurse managers. Implications for Nursing Management: The use of ToxBH‐NM Scale can aid nurse managers in better understanding and managing their own leadership behaviours within their organisations and in fostering desirable work outcomes among employees, a positive work climate and overall organisational success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with complex chronic conditions experience fragmentation of care, unnecessary hospitalization and reduced quality of life, with an increased incidence of poor health outcomes. Aim(s): The aim of this paper was to explore how nurse navigators manage client care. This was achieved through an examination of narratives provided by the nurse navigator that evaluated their scope of practice. Method(s): All nurse navigators employed by Queensland Health were invited to participate in a study evaluating the effectiveness of the service. Eighty‐four self‐reported vignettes were thematically analysed to understand the work from the nurses' perspectives. Results: Two themes emerged from the vignettes. Theme 1, the layers of complexity, is comprised of three sub‐themes: the complex patient, the complex system and patient outcomes. Theme 2, professional attributes, has two sub‐themes: person‐centred care and clinical excellence. Conclusion: Navigators innovatively integrate services and address the fragmented nature of the health system. They apply expert clinical and social skills, through consistent and robust communication, to meet the needs of those with multiple chronic conditions. Implications for nursing management: Results provide insight into the new role, illuminating the work they achieve, despite system complexities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore undergraduate student's preparation for leadership roles upon registration. Background: Effective leadership is vital when promoting positive workplace cultures and high‐quality care provision. However, newly registered nurses are not always well‐prepared for leadership roles. Evaluation: A scoping review of primary research published in English between 2009 and 2019 was undertaken. Data were analysed using an adapted version of Arksey and O'Malleys' (2005. International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory and Practice, 8, 19) framework. Nine papers met the review eligibility criteria. Key issues: Findings revealed three themes: leadership education content; positioning of leadership education within the nursing programme; and teaching and learning delivery. Conclusions: The review highlighted some agreement about the knowledge, skills and behaviours to be addressed in leadership education. What varied more was the pedagogical methods used to deliver this, the extent of its integration throughout the programme and the nature of collaborative academic–practice working to ensure good quality clinical supervision. Implications for Nursing Management: (a) Students must be exposed to positive leadership practices during clinical placements to facilitate theory–practice integration. (b) Bullying negatively impacts on students' self‐efficacy whereas positive role modelling from registered nurses supports development of leadership competence. (c) Leadership theory and competence should be introduced early and revisited throughout the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reflects on the significance of leadership in nursing in the U.S. Due to the turbulent days in the healthcare industry and the increasing demand for stronger accountability and delivery of nursing and healthcare services, the author believes that there is a serious need to invest in bespoke leadership experience in order to provide quality services among nursing practitioners in the industry.

Aim: To explore how clinical leadership is perceived by nurses in rural and remote areas of New South Wales, Australia. Background: There are few empirical studies aimed at understanding clinical leadership from a rural and remote perspective. Methods: A qualitative approach, based on interpretive phenomenology, used thematic analysis of recorded and transcribed interviews. Ethical approval was secured, 56 interviews were undertaken, across 14 different rural and remote health facilities, with nurses across the spectrum of practice. Results: Thematic analysis led to five themes and findings that support an understanding of clinical leadership from a rural and remote context. Clinical leaders were seen to considerably impact on the initiation of change and quality of care. They also faced barriers if the health facility was poorly staffed, lacked support and if the community were strongly co‐dependent. Conclusion: In rural and remote areas, clinical leadership is evident to support change, innovation and care quality. Implications for Nursing Management: Managers should be aware that staff shortages and challenges to staff retention or the initiation of change are affected by poor clinical leadership. This paper suggests that managers who facilitate clinical leadership are better able to support professional education and greater efficiencies in the delivery of quality health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: This paper examines the purpose, role and function of information and information management within health care today. It is set within the context of a specialist forensic learning disability setting. BACKGROUND: Changes in politics, government legislation and reforms of the National Health Service (NHS) have created a need to equip managers with the necessary tools and skills to be able to lead and manage effectively. As such there has been a great emphasis upon specialist training, such as the government-driven Leading an Empowered Organisation courses, for nurse managers and nurses with leadership potential. Yet with the drive to generate a new wave culture within the NHS of inspirational leaders, are we still overlooking a critical and key area which is fundamental in achieving and delivering cost effective, quality health care--the area of information management within health care today? METHODS: The processes presented in this paper are structured through a strategic nursing management and leadership performance implementation model, the Clinical Nursing Leadership Learning and Action Process (CLINLAP) model, which facilitates work-based learning and capability development in the reality of everyday clinical activities. Through the model, the emphasis is to make clinical goals specific, roles explicit, processes clear and encourage these activities to be carried out within an environment of open relationships. RESULTS: The use of CLINLAP model assisted as a management and leadership technology to manage change in the workplace so as to improve services to patients in Yelday Lodge. Structured management and leadership interventions led to observable positive change in information management on Yelday Lodge. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion is that sustained quality information could be embedded in nursing practice at Yelday Lodge or elsewhere by evaluating and discussing the different information management approaches within the practice area through the use of structured management and leadership interventions. The use of the CLINLAP model is recommended for use as a model for managing information, knowledge and communication for results within nursing and health care services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]