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In order to explore the spatial spillover effect and regional differences of direct rebound effect， the measurement model of direct rebound effect has been improved based on the spatial measurement method， and the empirical analysis has been conducted on the basis of spatial panel data of Chinese urban residents’ electricity consumption. It is found that there is a significant spatial spillover effect in the direct rebound effect. Ignoring the spatial spillover effect will confuse the impact of energy efficiency improvement in urban residents’ power consumption on local and neighboring regions. Owing to the difference between the local and global spillover effect， the government should pay much attention to the scope of the energy efficiency policy to reach its full potential. The direct rebound effect and spatial spillover effect of urban residents’ electricity have few differences in the eastern， central and western regions， and they are steady at the regional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effects of loading rate of stress wave on rock breaking and energy efficiency， 5 hammers with different radius of curvature were designed by using the nonlinear model of the local deformation in the longitudinal impact surface of the members. Incident stress waves with different loading rates were achieved under different and identical incident energy， and the impact test of red sandstones was conducted. The results showed that the fractal dimension of fragmentation of sandstone specimen increases linearly with the increase of the loading rate of stress wave. The fractal dimension of fragmentation of sandstone specimen increases with the increase of incident energy under the same loading rate. The energy dissipation density increases with the increase of loading rate of incident wave. Under the same loading rate， the greater the incident energy is， the greater the energy dissipation density is. The energy efficiency decreases obviously with the increase of the incident energy under different incident energy. In practice， the best incident wave must be designed considering the factors such as rock breaking and the energy efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]