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Presents abstracts of papers featured in the "Journal of Neurochemistry" that deal with the shut-down of translation as a key stress response of neurons. "Mechanisms for the control of protein synthesis in response to cells stresses"; "Protein aggregation and delayed neuronal death following transient cerebral ischemia".

Presents abstracts of papers featured in the "Journal of Neurochemistry" that deal with functions, mechanisms of action and physiologic relevance of neuroactive steroids. "Neurosteroid modulation of neuronal excitability"; "Functional significance of ethanol-induced elevations in GABAergic neurosteroid levels".

Presents abstracts of papers featured in the "Journal of Neurochemistry" that deal with signaling mechanisms in neurons. "Heat shock proteins and thrombin signaling in brain"; "Effect of nitric oxide on monoamine transporters: a novel form of interneuronal communication"; "Trophic factors and their mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in postmortem brain of suicide victims".

Presents abstracts of papers featured in the "Journal of Neurochemistry" that deal with pre-mRNA processing in neuronal malfunctioning. "Aberrant splicing and regulation of glutamate transport as a factor in motoneuron disease"; "Concerted modulations in transcription and alternative splicing under stress".

Presents abstracts of papers featured in the "Journal of Neurochemistry" that deal with neuronal and glial cell biology. "Postsynaptic dopamine (D2)-receptor may be involved in the behavioral activities of artemisinin in rodents"; "The antimetabolite ara-CTP blocks long-term memory of conditioned taste aversion".

The article presents abstracts of research papers related to Alzheimer's disease. They include "Mechanism of cerebral amyloidosis in transgenic mice," "The potential role of Presenilins in regulating APP metabolism/trafficking," and "Presenilin-1 mutations increase levels of ryanodine receptors and calcium release in PC12 cells and cortical neurons."

The article presents abstracts of research papers related to the functioning of the brain. They include "Microarray analysis of developing oligodendrogia, neurons, and astrocytes reveal differential gene expression," "Genome-wide analysis of clock-controlled genes in Drosophila," and "Functional genomics of long-term memory."

The article presents abstracts of research papers related to neurons and glia. They include "Metabolic impairment elicits brain cell-type selective changes in oxidative stress and cell death in culture," "L-serine as an astrocyte-derived essential factor for CNS neurons: a previously unrecognized role of astrocytes in brain L-serine metabolism," and "Role of the microglial cystine-glutathione system in neuroprotective antioxidant strategies: relevance to excitotoxicity and Alzheimer's disease."

The article presents abstracts of papers related to neurons and glia, which were presented at the meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the American Society for Neurochemistry, in August 2001. They include "Neuronal glucose metabolism: real time monitoring of metabolic trafficking," "Supply of ketone bodies from astrocytes to neurons: potential pathophysiological implications," and "Energy on demand."

The article presents abstracts of papers related to pain. They include "P2Y receptor-mediated calcium signaling in capsaicin-sensitive dorsal root ganglion neurons," "Neuropeptide Y and Y1 receptor like immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord after colchicine application to the sciatic nerve in the rat," and "Elevation of S-100b level in rat brain and blood serum under postoperative pain."

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Alterations in Monocarboxylate & Glucose Transporters in Ischemic Rodent Brain." It will be presented in the joint meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the European Society of Neurochemistry that will be held in Berlin, Germany from August 8-14, 1999. The increasing evidence of presence of monocarboxylic acids in glucose especially lactate and their involvement in metabolic trafficking between astrocytes and neurons.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Is Serum [U-13C] Lactate a Substrate In Rat Brain." The research finds that lactate is a major substrate for neuronal metabolism. It determines that glucose is more effective in labeling neuronal metabolites and metabolized by both neurons and astrocytes.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper " How Maternal Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia Affects Fetal Brain Neuronal-Glia Function in Comparison to the Maternal Brain: A Metabolic Study Using SING 13C MRS Isotopmer Analysis." The research results determine the lower glucose flux PC/PDH in the fetal brain.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Short-Term Effects of Glutamate Receptor Stimulation on Neuronal Energy Metabolism." The study determined the short-term effects of glutamate receptor stimulation on energy metabolism in rat neurons in primary culture. The results of the study concluded that activation of glutamate receptor might cause the mitochondrial inner membrane pore to poem which leads to membrane depolarization.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Cell Signaling Abnormalities in Alzheimer's Disease." Due to apoptotic or excitotoxic mechanisms, several neurons of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may die. And in this whole process amyloid-ß-peptide play a very significant role. Mutations in the presenilin-1 gene account for many cases of early-onset autosomal dominant inherited forms of AD.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Neurogenesis and Differentiation of Olfactory Epithelium Neurons in Anterior Chamber of Rat Eye." Researchers in the study determine the development of primary olfactory neurons in anterior chamber of the rat eye. The study shows the similarity between the grafts and intact olfactory mucosa.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Pre- and Postnatal Ontogeny of D2-Type Dopaminergic Receptors in Rat Brain." The study findings highlight the pre- and postnatal ontogeny of D2 type dopaminergic receptors in frontal cortex and striatum of rat brain. It shows that the developmental pattern for D2 and D3 receptors in frontal cortex and striatum is similar to D4.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Development of Rat Serotonergic Neurons from Various Raphe Subregions in Serum-Free Culture." The study determines a differential pattern in the development of the functional equipment in the various subgroups of serotonergic neurons. It determines that the serotonergic system is one of the earliest developing neurotransmitter systems in the mammalian brain.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "A Role for Pax6 in Rhombic Lip Derived Neurons." The study shows that Pax6 is a key regulator in central nervous system, and eye development. The study determines that Pax6 plays a strong role during hindbrain migration processes. According to the study, neurons of the precerebellar nuclei are generated at the lower rhombic lip.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Functional Expression of GFP-Kv Channels and PSD-95-YFP in Hippocampal Neurons." It will be presented in the joint meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the European Society of Neurochemistry that will be held in Berlin, Germany from August 8-14, 1999. Many researchers have created several GFP-Kv channel fusion proteins and PSD-95-YFP to monitor the expression pattern of a PSD-95 kv channel complex in living neurons.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "The Expression of Carbohydrate Antigens on Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons, Regulatory Mechanisns and Biological Functions." Several sensation modalities are mediate by the neurons of Dorsal root ganglia. The frequent presence of antibodies against carbohydrate antigens in patient sera with autoimmune neuropathies suggests the biological significance of the carbohydrate antigens.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Expression of Mnb/Dyrk, a Dual-Specificity Protein Kinase, in Brain During Rat Development." MNB is a dual-specificity kinase that can catalyze phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine residues. The MNB protein plays an important role during embryonic and postnatal stages of heart and brain. The level of MNB gradually decreased during the development in various regions of brain and organs.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Visualization of Acetylcholine Receptor-γ-Subunit at the Neuromuscular Junction by Green Fluorescent Protein." The findings of the research study suggest that acetylcholine receptors (AChR) γ-green fluorescent protein is assembled into structurally intact AChR complexes which are integrated selectively into the postsynaptic membrane.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Modulate [3H]Acetylcholine Release From Cultured Amacrine-Like Neurons." The findings show that the effect of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) on [3H]acetylcholine release may be due to a direct inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels, and is modulated by group I and group II mGluR.

The article presents an abstract of a research paper concerning the effect of insulin and insulin like growth factor (IGF-1) on protein synthesis rate and eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF-2B) activity. Neuronal cells from rat embryos were cultured in conditioned medium for 6 days and were maintained for 16 hours in medium. After 30 minutes of treatment, both insulin and IGF-1 induced an increase in eIF-2B activity, in parallel with the observed rise in protein synthesis.

The article presents an abstract of a research paper analyzing the levels of DNA polymerases in aging rat brain cells. Isolated neurons and astroglia from cerebral cortex of inbred Wistar rats of three ages: 4 days, 6 months and 2 years, were suspended in extraction buffer and sonicated. From the results at all ages studied and in both types of brain cells, β polymerase appears to be the predominant one although other DNA-polymerases seem to be present in reasonable amounts.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Serum Enhancement of Microglial Production of Superoxide, Nitric Oxide, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Culture." It will be presented in the joint meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the European Society of Neurochemistry that will be held in Berlin, Germany from August 8-14, 1999. By the release of neurotoxic mediators, activated microglia can have an impact on neurons.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Immunocytochemical Localization of ß-Methylcrotonyl-Coa Carboxylase in Astroglial Cells and Neurons in Culture." It will be presented in the joint meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the European Society of Neurochemistry that will be held in Berlin, Germany from August 8-14, 1999. Branched-chain amino acids particularly leucine were metabolized as energy substrates.

The article presents an abstract of the research paper "Effect of Aspartate on Acid Secretion in the Rat Stomach." Using immunohistochemical method with specific antibodies, L-Aspartate neurons and their processes were localized in the rat stomach, against either Asp or its synthesizing enzyme, aspartate aminotransferase.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "Molecular Decoy Based Inhibition of the Transcription Factor NFkB Prevents Neuronal Death." It characterizes the molecular elements that mediate cell cycle re-entry and neuronal death. A novel molecular decoy strategy was used to inhibit NFkB activity which resulted in increased cell viability.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "High BAX/BCL-2 Ratio and Calpain Activation Cause Apoptosis in SCI." It investigates the molecular mechanism of neurodegeneration in spinal cord injury. It is hypothesized that an overexpression of calpains due to an increase in the intracellular levels of Ca2+ results in the cell death.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "Cell Surviving Effect of Dopamine on PC12 Cells." It examines the effect of dopamine on cell survival using differentiated PC12 cells. The study suggests that the cell surviving effect of dopamine on PC12 cells is possibly due to its action on dopamine receptor on the cell surface.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "MAP-Kinase and PI-3-Kinase As Transducers of Antiapoptotic BDNF Signaling in CNS Neurons." It investigates the role of neurotrophins MAP-Kinase and PI-3-Kinase in promoting the survival and suppressing apoptosis in the central nervous system neurons.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "Effect of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Cell Damage in PC12 Cells." It elucidates the molecular mechanisms of basic fibroblast growth factor in protecting cell damage in PC12 cells. It also investigates the two major signal transduction pathways thought to be involved in the process.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "Photodynamically-Induced Single Neuron Death: The Role of Ca2+ and Free Radicals." It examines the role of Ca2+ and free radicals in the neuronal cell response to photodynamic killing. The study confirmed the participation of free radicals and Ca2+ in photodynamically-induced neuron death.

The article presents an abstract of the paper titled "Partial Lithium-Associated Protection Against Apoptosis Induced by C2-Ceramide in Cerebellar Granule Neurons." The primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons were exposed to C2-ceramide which resulted in the apoptosis of the neurons. Addition of lithium reversed the apoptopic stimulus and resulted in a partial protection of apoptosis.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Neurotrophin Signal Transduction in the Survival of Neurons and Neural Tumor Cells." The study reports on how multiple signaling proteins and pathways contribute to the elaboration of the neuronal phenotype. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Stress Sensitive Signaling, Synaptic Activity and Gene Expression in Neuronal Survival." The study shows that metabotropic glutamate receptor and NMDA receptor interplay is an important effector in neuronal death signaling. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "The Role of Calcium Uptake in Neurotrophin-induced Survival, Protection and Synaptic Plasticity." The study delves into the neurotrophin-mediated calcium-uptake. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Expression of Tau in PNS Neurons." The study examines the presence of the multiple phosphorylated isoforms of tau protein in the peripheral nervous system. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Expression of Caveolin-1 and -2 in Neurons." The study demonstrates the expression of caveolins 1 and 2 in differentiating cells and dorsal root ganglion neurons using mono-specific antibody probes. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Cytochrome C Release, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuronal Apoptosis in SOD2 Knockouts After Cerebral Ischemia." The study examines the subcellular distribution of the cytochrome c protein and knockouts of the maganese superoxide dismutase gene. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Necrotic Cell Injury." The study examines the relationship of necrotic to apoptotic mitochondrial injury mechanisms. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study titled "Aß Deposition and Neuronal Degeneration in Down's Syndrome." The study delves into the role of Aß production in the degenerative process and examines down syndrome cortical cultures. The paper will be presented during the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, in New Orleans, Louisiana, from March 14-17, 1999.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Glutamate Transporters." The study reports that, Glutamatergic neurotransmission is terminated by glutamate high affinity transporters located in the plasma membrane of neurons and astrocytes. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Expression of Neuregulin 1 Isoforms and Receptors in E18 Rat Basal Forebrain Neuron-Enriched Cultures." The study reports that, embryonic basal forebrain neurons may be a source of multiple Neuregulin 1 isoforms that can produce diverse neurotrophic and gliotrophic effects. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Cocaine Inhibition of Neuronal Differentiation in NGF-Induced PC12 Cells is Independent of RAS Signaling." The study reports that, cocaine and dopamine affect the NGF signaling downstream or independent of Ras. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Alteration in cAMP Production in Hippocampal Neurons Cultured From the Trisomy 16 Mouse." The study reports that there are alterations in voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels in hippocampal neurons cultured from the mouse Trisomy 16 model of Down syndrome. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the study "Target Tissues Influence Dendritic Growth in Sympathetic Neurons via Osteogenic Protein-1." The study reported that dendritic growth in cultured sympathetic neuronal cell type may be regulated through retrograde interactions with target-derived osteogenic protein-1. The research paper for the study would be presented in the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry, on March 14-17, 1999, in New Orleans, Louisiana.

The article presents an abstract of the paper "Secretory Phospholipase A2 (SPLA2) Modulates Neuronal Excitation and Is Released From Neuronal Cultures," which will be presented at the 30th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Neurochemistry to be held in New Orleans, Louisiana from March 14-17, 1999. It indicates that the enhancement of glutamate-induced intracellular calcium concentration may be due to modulation at the NMDA receptor.