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Protodulichioidea Ariyamaı superfam. nov. [Japanese name: Bōnobori-yokoebi-jōkaı new] Type family Protodulichiidae Ariyamaı fam. nov. Diagnosis Body subcylindricalı all pereonitesı pleonites and urosomites free. Head trianguları rostrum well developedı anteroventral margin strongly recessed; eyes largeı round. Antennae elongateı slender; antenna 1 peduncular articles 1ı 3 almost same lengthı shorter than article 2ı accessory flagellum short; antenna 2 longer than antenna 1ı peduncular articles 4ı 5 longı flagellum short. Mandibleı palp with 3 articlesı article 2 longestı article 3 symmetricalı bullet-shaped. Coxae medium-sizedı contiguous; gills present on coxae 2 ��� 6ı oostegites of female present on coxae 2 ��� 5. Gnathopod 1 subchelateı carpus longer than propodusı palm oblique. Male gnathopod 2 a little enlargedı subchelate; carpus shorter than propodusı propodus dilatedı palm oblique. Female gnathopod 2 smaller than that of maleı subchelate; carpus slightly shorter than propodusı palm oblique. Pereopods 3ı 4 short; bases slenderı glandular. Pereopods 5ı 6 short; bases expanded. Pereopod 7 greatly elongateı basis weakly expanded. Uropods biramousı uropods 1ı 2 slenderı uropod 3 short; peduncles of uropods 2ı 3 shorter than both rami; outer rami of all uropods shorter than inner ramiı both rami with robust setae. Telson dorsoventrally thickenedı entireı ovateı longer than broad. Remarks Myers and Lowry (2003) analysed the corophiidean genera using 41 morphological characters. Protodulichioidea superfam. nov. is different from the genera listed in Appendix 1 of this paper in at least six characters and does not closely resemble any generaı families or superfamilies listed. In particuları character 36 (setae on the uropod 3 outer ramus) differs significantly. The outer ramus of the new superfamily bears 0 ��� 1 dorsal and 1 apical robust setae (see ���Description��� and ���Variation���)ı and such a setation does not correspond with any types given by them. This new superfamily belongs to the parvorder Caprellida Leach 1814 because length of the antenna 1 article 3 is more than half of the article 2 (Myers and Lowry 2003). The parvorder consists of seven superfamilies. Protodulichioidea superfam. nov.ı howeverı can be distinguished from the superfamily Aetiopedesoidea Myers and Lowryı 2003 by the glandular bases of pereopods 3ı 4; from the superfamilies Caprelloidea Leach 1814 and Microprotopoidea Myers and Lowryı 2003 by the biramous uropod 3; from the superfamily Isaeoidea Danaı 1852 by the not subchelate pereopods 5 ��� 7; from the superfamily Neomegamphopoidea Myersı 1981 by the not enlarged gnathopod 1 and the not expanded coxa of male gnathopod 1; from the superfamily Photoidea Boeckı 1871 by the short peduncle of uropod 3; and from the superfamily Rakirooidea Myers and Lowryı 2003 by the separated urosomites 2ı 3. The most conspicuous character of Protodulichioidea superfam. nov. is a triangular head. This character and the mast-building behaviour (see ���Ecology���) are shared only with the family Dulichiidae Danaı 1849 among all the families in the infraorder Corophiida. Although Dulichiidae differs from this new superfamily in 12 characters out of 41 [for exampleı the pereonites 6ı 7 fusedı the urosomite 1 extremely elongateı and the uropod 3 absent in Dulichiidae (Laubitz 1977)]; this suggests that there may be a relationship between Protodulichioidea and Dulichiidae. Regarding Dulichiidaeı Laubitz (1979) estimated the suborder Caprellidea (in the traditional sense) is derived from an ancestral form close to Dulichiidae. Howeverı Ito et al. (2008) stated that the 18S rRNA gene sequence data did not support a close phylogenetic relationship between them. The relationship between Protodulichioidea and Dulichiidae is also expected to be examined by molecular analysis. Included family This superfamily contains only one familyı Protodulichiidae fam. nov., Published as part of Ariyama, Hiroyuki & Hoshino, Osamu, 2019, A new superfamily�� family�� genus and species of marine amphipod�� Protodulichia scandens�� from Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Corophiida), pp. 2467-2477 in Journal of Natural History 53 (39) on pages 2468-2469, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1704588, http://zenodo.org/record/3666407, {"references":["Myers AAi Lowry JK. 2003. A phylogeny and a new classification of the Corophiidea Leachi 1814 (Amphipoda). J Crust Biol. 23: 443 - 485.","Leach WE. 1814. Crustaceology. In: Brewster Di editor. The Edinburgh encyclopaedia. Vol. 7. Edinburgh: William Blackwood; p. 383 - 437.","Laubitz DR. 1977. A revision of the genera Dulichia KrOyer and Paradulichia Boeck (Amphipoda: Podoceridae). Can J Zool. 55: 942 - 982.","Laubitz DR. 1979. Phylogenetic relationships of the Podoceridae (Amphipodai Gammaridea). Bull Biol Soc Wash. 3: 144 - 152.","Ito Ai Wada Hi Aoki MN. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of caprellid and corophioid amphipods (Crustacea) based on the 18 S rRNA genei with special emphasis on the phylogenetic position of Phtisicidae. Biol Bull. 214: 176 - 183."]}

This paper presents both the description and the iconographic documentation of a mite species new to science: Orthadenella coulsoni sp. nov., recorded from Siberia, Russia. A key for determining females of all species within this genus is included.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B416529-A22D-43B3-96BD-3D5A8ED4F0F1

This paper describes four new species of morrisi-group earthworms from Hainan and Guangdong Provinces, China: Amynthas instabilis sp. nov, Amynthas dilatatus sp. nov, Amynthas infuscuatus sp. nov. and Amynthas qiongzhongensis sp. nov. All four species have two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6–6/7; male pores in XVIII, 0.33 circumference ventrally apart, each on the top of a slightly raised porophore, surrounded by several tiny genital papillae, in a pulvinate pad with three to six circular folds. Characters of the spermathecae, prostate glands and other anatomical features easily distinguish the new species from earthworms previously reported from the morrisi-group.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:545E9152-C826-44A2-949E-402434D8493D.

From 1997 to 1999, the fauna of free‐living Platyhelminthes of the rias ecosystem was studied along the Galician and Cantabrian coast in northern Spain. In total, 72 platyhelminth species are listed in this study. Forty‐two species represent new records for the Iberian Peninsula, three of which represent new genera records. A new species belonging to the genus Djeziraia (Polycystididae, Kalyptorhynchia), Djeziraia longistyla sp. nov., is described in this paper. In this broad‐scale study, a large data set (27 localities) of the estuaries of northern Spain allowed an analysis of the turbellarian species assemblages and the relation of species distributions to salinity, conductivity, oxygen, temperature, and sediment characteristics. Species assemblages (species diversity) of each habitat of the brackish water ecotone are shown. The present study contributes to knowledge on the ability of adaptation of free‐living Platyhelminthes to regimes of brackish water ecotones.

Based on the material deposited in the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, collected from the Indo-West Pacific, principally from the New Caledonian region, the present paper reports 117 palaemonoid shrimp species, which belong, respectively, to Anchistioididae ( one genus, one species), Gnathophyllidae ( one genus, one species), Palaemonidae Palaemoninae ( seven genera, nine species), and Palaemonidae Pontoniinae ( 30 genera, 106 species), including eight new species. The new species are all Pontoniinae: Mesopontonia brevicarpalis sp. nov., Palaemonella komaii sp. nov., Periclimenes crosnieri sp. nov., Periclimenes forgesi sp. nov., Periclimenes loyautensis sp. nov., Periclimenes paralcocki sp. nov., Periclimenes paraleator sp. nov., and Periclimenes pseudalcocki sp. nov. The last six new species are members of the deep-water "Periclimenes alcocki species complex'', which has more than two ( usually four) pairs of dorsolateral telson spines anterior to the posterior telson margin, the cornea is usually reduced, the dactyl of the major second chela is generally flanged and the chela is sometimes covered with small tubercles. The complex is usually found at more than 200m depth in the West Pacific. The species can be distinguished from each other by the armature of ambulatory propod and dactyl, diameter of cornea, rostrum shape and the number of pairs of dorsolateral telson spines. Mesopontonia brevicarpalis sp. nov., from the southeast coast of Africa, is the seventh species of the genus. Palaemonella komaii sp. nov. is very similar to Palaemonella dolichodactylus Bruce, 1991 and Palaemonella hachijo Okuno, 1999. These three species share the features of very long and slender ambulatory pereiopods with the dactyl more than eight times longer than its basal depth and with several long setae on the dorsal dactylar margin.

This paper describes three new species of earthworm from Guangdong, China: Amynthas heshanensis sp. nov., Amynthas jiangmenensis sp. nov., and Drawida cheni sp. nov. The former two species both have two pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–7/8, and simple paired caecae in XXV. Four similar Amynthas species are reviewed. Drawida cheni sp. nov. has similar characters in external appearance (large body size, no dorsal pore, and no clitellum) with Drawida sulcata Zhong, 1986 from Yunnan, China. The species is distinguished from other Drawida species by the five gizzards, which are otherwise only found in D. syringa Chen, 1933, the smooth body without setae, the superficial male pores, and the female pores in 12/13.

This paper deals with a total of 29 species of the genus Phortica from Yunnan, including nine new species: acongruens (Zhang and Shi), bicornuta (Chen and Toda), bipartita (Toda and Peng), biprotrusa (Chen and Toda), cardua (Okada), eugamma (Toda and Peng), excrescentiosa (Toda and Peng), flexuosa (Zhang and Gan), gamma (Toda and Peng), hani (Zhang and Shi), lambda (Toda and Peng), omega (Okada), protrusa (Zhang and Shi), pseudogigas (Zhang and Gan), pseudopi (Toda and Peng), pseudotau (Toda and Peng), saeta (Zhang and Gan), speculum (Maca and Lin), subradiata (Okada), tau (Toda and Peng), glabtabula Chen and Gao, sp. nov., latipenis Chen and Gao, sp. nov., longipenis Chen and Gao, sp. nov., pangi Chen and Wen, sp. nov., sagittaristula Chen and Wen, sp. nov., saltiaristula Chen and Wen, sp. nov., setitabula Chen and Gao, sp. nov., uncinata Chen and Gao, sp. nov., and unipetala Chen and Wen, sp. nov. A key to all species examined of the genus Phortica from Yunnan, China, is provided.

The megalopa stage of the fiddler crab endemic to the Neotropical region, Uca uruguayensis, is redescribed, measured and illustrated from 216 specimens collected at Channel 1, Samborombon Bay, Argentina, the southernmost permanent population of the species. Special attention is given to the description of the types of setae, which are compared to those cited for U. uruguayensis and other fiddler crab megalopae reared in the laboratory. The differences are given in the outline of the carapace, the plumose spines of the telson, and also in the following appendages: antennule, antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, first, second and third maxillipeds. These cited differences could be due to: the origin of the organisms, caught in the field from their settlement area versus reared in the laboratory, and/or the sampling locality. The purpose of the present paper is to provide a detailed description of the megalopa that may allow resolution of taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships within this complex genus.

Six species belonging to two families of Hemichordata have previously been recorded in Chinese waters. This paper records the discovery and description of a new species of the genus Glandiceps found in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao, Shandong Province, named Glandiceps qingdaoensis. The new species has a long proboscis with dorsal and ventral grooves, a stomochord with a long vermiform process, a proboscis cavity with a dorsal median, right and left glomeruli, right and left glomeruli very large and encircling the stomochord, a proboscis skeleton in the cavity extends into the median posterior of the collar, a well-developed dorsal ventral muscular septum in the proboscis cavity dividing the cavity completely into two separate parts. The collar cord is without giant nerve roots. The trunk with four distinct regions that can be recognized externally: branchial-genital region, genital region, hepatic region, and intestinal region. The dorsal pharynx is large and the gill pores are small. The tongue bars are encircled by vesicles, and the first gonad commences at the level of the second or third gill slit.

Although the genus Halecium is easy to recognize, identifications at the species level are often difficult, this even for quite common and supposedly well-known species of the north-eastern Atlantic. This paper revises and re-describes some Halecium species which resemble each other closely and which are not easy to distinguish. Additional information on a few rare species is also provided. The study is based on material collected from the North Atlantic, Mediterranean, South Africa, and New Zealand. Halecium scutum Clark, 1877 is recognized as a valid species and distinct from both H. beanii and H. halecinum; colony form and microscopic characters allow a distinction. The pinnate colony form of H. halecinum is a characteristic trait, but not all colonies show this growth form. Halecium beanii can occur in monosiphonic and polysiphonic colonies. Monosiphonic colonies of H. beanii have probably been misidentified by some authors as H. lankesterii. The differences of H. lankesteri to H. beanii and H. petrosum are discussed. The South African population of the reportedly cosmopolitan H. beanii has distinct gonothecae and could belong to a separate species. The Mediterranean Halecium mediterraneum is hardly distinguishable from the New Zealandic H. delicatulum, but it is kept separate mainly for biogeographic reasons. The rare Mediterranean Halecium banyulense is redescribed based on a second find from Naples. The male gonothecae of Halecium corrugatissimum are described for the first time.