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Abstract  China, Russia, and India are playing an increasingly important role in global nanotechnology research and development (R&D). This paper comparatively inspects the paper and patent publications by these three countries in the Thomson Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI) database and United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database (1976–2007). Bibliographic, content map, and citation network analyses are used to evaluate country productivity, dominant research topics, and knowledge diffusion patterns. Significant and consistent growth in nanotechnology papers are noted in the three countries. Between 2000 and 2007, the average annual growth rate was 31.43% in China, 11.88% in Russia, and 33.51% in India. During the same time, the growth patterns were less consistent in patent publications: the corresponding average rates are 31.13, 10.41, and 5.96%. The three countries’ paper impact measured by the average number of citations has been lower than the world average. However, from 2000 to 2007, it experienced rapid increases of about 12.8 times in China, 8 times in India, and 1.6 times in Russia. The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), and the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) were the most productive institutions in paper publication, with 12,334, 6,773, and 1,831 papers, respectively. The three countries emphasized some common research topics such as “Quantum dots,” “Carbon nanotubes,” “Atomic force microscopy,” and “Scanning electron microscopy,” while Russia and India reported more research on nano-devices as compared with China. CAS, RAS, and IIT played key roles in the respective domestic knowledge diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China started nanotechnology research from 1990s, and has paid much attention to nanoeducation since then. Scientific discoveries from nanoresearch have been introduced timely into high school textbooks, and more specific courses such as Nanomaterials and Nanofabrication are being taught at both college and graduate levels. In this paper, nanotechnology courses at the Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing University, and Tsinghua University are chosen to be overviewed, which could be a good indicator of Chinese nanoeducation because of high-quality science and engineering education in these schools. Research institutes also contribute in popularizing nanoscience knowledge through activities such as public open days. These combined efforts substantially promote the public acceptance and understanding of nanoscience and technology in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of montmorillonite has been investigated as a delivery system for active substances and few studies report discussions and visualization of publications on this topic. Thus, the objective of this study is to explore related research fields from a bibliometric perspective, characterize current trends, and present visual representations of the last decades. In this study, the analysis of the publications was performed using the RStudio v.1.3.959 software and the R programming language from the Bibliometrix package. A total of 778 articles were analyzed. From 1976 to 2023, there was a tendency for publications to grow, with an increase of 217.39% in 10 years. China (195 publications and 4297 citations) and Nir S. (18 publications, 744 citations, 5 articles as last author) were the most productive and impactful country and author, respectively. The co-occurrence cluster analysis of the 50 keywords form clusters with "montmorillonite," "adsorption," and "controlled release" and clusters "nanoparticles," "delivery," and "nanocomposites," which were the most used keywords. In a coupling cluster analysis, publications using montmorillonite with drugs achieved a much greater publishing impact than with other materials. Trends in publications allocate montmorillonite for the release of active substances considering the state of ionization, pH, modification by inclusion of organic compounds, water displacement, change in interlamellar characteristics, use of chitosan, and alginate forming nanocomposites, microsphere, granules, nanoparticles, and adsorption, the last three being the most impactful. In this way a multifaceted material has composed formulations of substance delivery system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bibliometric approach to assess publication performances and trends in fluorescent carbon nanoparticle research using literatures in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) has been carried out. In order to ensure that these documents were related to fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, the filter, paper "front page" criteria were applied. Documents were analyzed, including document type and language of publication, publication trends, Web of Science categories and journals, publication of countries/regions and institutions, high impact and highly cited articles, and research hotspots and their trends. The total citations from Web of Science Core Collection since publication to the end of the most recent year and the total citations in the most recent year only were used to evaluate highly cited articles and high impact. Results found that the number of publications dramatically increased after 2011. Two Web of Science categories of multidisciplinary such as materials science and chemistry constituted the most of articles. RSC Advances was the most popular journal. Domination in publication is surprising from China and India. The top ten highly cited articles were the same as the top ten high-impact articles. Based on results of word analysis, word cluster was applied to hotspot and trend studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States (US) and the People's Republic of China (China) have the most patents in nanotechnology in their own depositories and overall in the international depositories. This paper compares nanotechnology landscapes between 2001 and 2017 as reflected in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA). It presents the evolution of nanotechnology patent development in the US and China, the differences between nanotechnology topics addressed in the USPTO and CNIPA patents, key players in nanotechnology fields in both domestic and foreign markets, and the player collaboration patterns. Bibliographic, content, and social network analyses are used. The longitudinal changes of granted patents and ranked countries, patent families, technology fields, and key players in domestic and overseas markets are outlined. Collaboration networks of assignees and the influential players have been identified based on network parameters. Results show that the US market attracts more international collaborations and has a higher level of knowledge exchange and resource sharing than the Chinese market. Companies play a vital role with regard to US nanotechnology development, resulting in more within-industry collaborations. In contrast, universities and research institutes are the dominant contributors to China's nanotechnology development, leading to more academia-industry collaborations in China's market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rapid advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials, metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have become widely used in many different products and industrial processes. Water is an important medium in the transfer and fate of MNPs. Accordingly, the potential for the inadvertent and incidental release of MNPs into aquatic environments through direct release and waste disposal has increased considerably in China in recent years. Environmental health and human safety are two of the greatest challenges facing the expanding nanomaterial field. However, existing knowledge on MNP toxicity is currently insufficient to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment due to a general lack of data related to the environmental distribution of MNPs within aquatic environments. This study provides a summary of MNP production and consumption trends in China by means of statistical changes in MNP discharge and deposition between 2000 and 2010. China was used as a model for aquatic environmental risks associated with MNP consumption and production. MNP pollution of aquatic environments is discussed as well as the challenges that China will face in the future with increasing nanomaterial consumption and pollution. The study concludes with a discussion on managing MNP exposure of aquatic environments in China and its subsequent risks, if any, which may require greater attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the last few decades, nanotechnology has emerged as one of the key subject areas in which aggressive development is taking place. The multidisciplinary approach of nanotechnology has opened up a new sphere of research in warfare, engineering, medicine, physics, textile, energy, biology, chemistry, automobiles, agriculture, etc. It has influenced society in every walk of life. Realizing the potential of nanotechnology, the countries across the world have been spending massive amounts and aggressively initiating various programs in research and development of nanotechnology. In this study, efforts are being made to measure the nanotechnology research output published in the form of scholarly literature. The data, for the period of 2014 to 2018, were extracted from the Scopus abstract and citation database and analyzed by using bibliometric techniques. The findings show that China has surpassed the USA by producing more number of scholarly publications in the area of nanotechnology but indicated reservation while collaborating with other countries, whereas the USA has been the second-highest producer of nanotechnology research output and preferred as the most favored nation by other countries to collaborate with in the field of nanotechnology. India attained the third position with respect to nanotechnology publications but has low international collaboration and the quality of publications is also a concern. The findings also show the negative growth of nanotechnology research publications in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]