1. Acridone-Based Inhibitors of Inosine 5‘-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase: Discovery and SAR Leading to the Identification of N-(2-(6-(4-Ethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-3-yl)propan-2-yl)-2- fluoro-9-oxo-9,10-dihydroacridine-3-carboxamide (BMS-566419)
- Author
-
Sam T. Chao, Yufen Zhao, Katherine A. Rouleau, Zheng Yang, Henry H. Gu, Catherine A. Fleener, Zhongqi Shen, Jeffrey A. Robl, Kim W. McIntyre, Edwin J. Iwanowicz, Mark R. Witmer, Scott H. Watterson, Arvind Mathur, Bang-Chi Chen, Mary T. Obermeier, and Robert Townsend, Donna M. Dambach, T. G. Murali Dhar, Zili Xiao, Joel C. Barrish, Shelley K. Ballentine, David J. Shuster, and Ping Chen
- Subjects
Male ,Administration, Oral ,Biological Availability ,Guanosine ,Pharmacology ,Mycophenolate ,Piperazines ,Mycophenolic acid ,Cell Line ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,IMP Dehydrogenase ,IMP dehydrogenase ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase ,Cell Proliferation ,biology ,Stereoisomerism ,Prodrug ,Arthritis, Experimental ,Rats ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Acridone ,Macaca fascicularis ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Rats, Inbred Lew ,Enzyme inhibitor ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,biology.protein ,Acridines ,Molecular Medicine ,Half-Life ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanosine nucleotides, catalyzes the irreversible nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidation of inosine-5'-monophosphate to xanthosine-5'-monophosphate. Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF), a prodrug of mycophenolic acid, has clinical utility for the treatment of transplant rejection based on its inhibition of IMPDH. The overall clinical benefit of MMF is limited by what is generally believed to be compound-based, dose-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity that is related to its specific pharmacokinetic characteristics. Thus, development of an IMPDH inhibitor with a novel structure and a different pharmacokinetic profile may reduce the likelihood of GI toxicity and allow for increased efficacy. This article will detail the discovery and SAR leading to a novel and potent acridone-based IMPDH inhibitor 4m and its efficacy and GI tolerability when administered orally in a rat adjuvant arthritis model.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF