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Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) remains the most common causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and is related to high incidence and critical complications. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) activity might affect the outcome of CA16 infection. Our case‐control research aims to evaluate the relationship between VDR polymorphisms in the gene encoding and susceptibility to and severity of HFMD due to CA16. Three single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VDR gene were selected according to functional prediction and linkage disequilibrium, and were examined utilizing the SNPscan method to identify possible associations with HFMD caused by CA16. A significant relationship was found in the HFMD cases of polymorphism rs11574129 (GA vs GG: odds ratio (OR) = 0.068, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.007‐0.693, P =.023; GA + AA vs GG: OR = 0.322, 95%CI = 0.106‐0.984, P =.047), and vitamin D levels in genotype AA were significantly higher than those in genotype GG (P <.05). These results suggest that VDR rs11574129 may influence genetic susceptibility to CA16‐associated HFMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is sometimes associated with critical complications that can cause substantial child mortality. Activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) may influence the outcomes of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. This case‐control study aimed to assess the association of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the VDR with the severity of EV71‐associated HFMD. We selected four VDR SNPs based on linkage disequilibrium and functional prediction, and we tested them using the SNPscan multiple SNP typing method for potential association with severity of EV71‐associated HFMD. We found a significant association in the case of rs11574129 (G vs A: odds ratio (OR), 0.3439; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.1778‐0.6653) and rs739837 (T vs G: OR, 0.5580; 95%CI, 0.3352‐0.9291). Our results suggest that these two SNPs may influence the severity of EV71‐associated HFMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]