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Glioma is the result of malignant transformation of glial cells in the white matter of the brain or spinal cord and accounts for approximately 80% of all intracranial malignancies. Cathepsin A (CTSA) is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues, but its role in glioma is poorly studied. This study analyses the relationship between CTSA, and glioma based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Data for glioma patients were collected from TCGA. The expression level of CTSA was compared between paired glioma tissues and normal tissues with Wilcoxon rank-sum test. In addition, the Wilcoxon ranksum test was also applied to analyze the relationship between clinicopathologic features and CTSA expression. Kaplan-Meier Plotter was applied to analyze OS, DSS and PFI. Immuno-infiltration analysis of BLCA was performed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) in the "GSVA" R package.The CTSA was overexpressed in glioma tissues compared to normal tissues (P0.001). The high expression of CTSA was significantly related to 1p/19q codeletion, IDH, WHO grade and histological type. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with glioma characterized with high expressed CTSA had a poorer OS (HR=2.16 P0.001), DSS (HR=2.17 P0.001) and PFI (HR=1.48 P0.001) than patients with low CTSA expression. Moreover, High expressed CTSA was associated with immune cell infiltration.CTSA may serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker for determining prognosis associated with immune infiltration in glioma.Gliom je rezultat maligne transformacije glijalnih ćelija u beloj materiji mozga ili kičmene moždine i čini približno 80% svih intrakranijalnih maligniteta. Katepsin A (CTSA) je visoko eksprimiran u različitim tumorskim tkivima, ali je njegova uloga u gliomu slabo pročavana. Ova studija analizira odnos između CTSA i glioma na osnovu The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Podaci za pacijente sa gliomom su prikupljeni od TCGA. Nivo ekspresije CTSA je upoređen između uparenih tkiva glioma i normalnih tkiva pomoću Wilcoxon testa rangsume. Pored toga, Wilcoxon rank-sum test je takođe primenjen za analizu odnosa između kliničkopatoloških karakteristika i ekspresije CTSA. Kaplan-Meier ploter je primenjen za analizu OS, DSS i PFI. Imuno-infiltraciona analiza BLCA izvršena je analizom obogaćivanja skupa gena jednog uzorka (ssGSEA) u paketu "GSVA" R.CTSA je bio prekomerno izražen u tkivima glioma u poređenju sa normalnim tkivima (P0,001). Visoka ekspresija CTSA bila je značajno povezana sa 1p/19k kodelecijom, IDH, VHO stepenom i histološkim tipom. Kaplan-Meierova analiza preživljavanja je pokazala da su pacijenti sa gliomom okarakterisanim visoko izraženim CTSA imali lošiji OS (HR=2,16 P0,001), DSS (HR=2,17 P0,001) i PFI (HR=1,48 P0,001) od pacijenata sa niska ekspresija CTSA. Štaviše, visoko izraženi CTSA je bio povezan sa infiltracijom imunih ćelija.CTSA može poslužiti kao kandidat za prognostički biomarker za određivanje prognoze povezane sa imunološkom infiltracijom u gliomu.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis combined with mechanical stent interventional thrombectomy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.A retrospective analysis was carried out for clinical data of 118 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The patients enrolled were divided into control group (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis) and thrombectomy group (mechanical stent interventional thrombectomy based on rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis). The vascular recanalization rate and clinical efficacy after treatment were compared between the two groups. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to identify the degree of neurological impairment in all patients before and after treatment, and Barthel Index was used to assess their activity of daily living. Moreover, the changes in the levels of T-lymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood and immuno-inflammatory factors before and after treatment were compared, and prognosis of patients and incidence of adverse reactions were recorded.The response rate inthrombectomy group (93.2%) was significantly better than that in control group (76.3%). The NIHSS sore and modified Rankin scale (mRS) score after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the Barthel Index after treatment was distinctly higher than that before treatment. The NIHSS score and mRS score in thrombectomy group obviously declined compared with those in control group at 1 month after treatment. The Barthel Index in thrombectomy group was obviously higher than that in control group at 1 month and 2 months after treatment. Levels of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)+, CD3+CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood at 6 months after treatment evidently rose compared with those before treatment, while level of CD3+CD8+ evidently declined compared with that before treatment. In thrombectomy group, levels of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cells were markedly higher than those in control group, while the level of CD3+CD8+ was markedly lower than that in control group. Besides, in thrombectomy group, levels of serum osteopontin (OPN), malondialdehyde (MDA) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were evidently lower than those in control group at 1 month after treatment, while the level of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) was evidently higher than that in control group. Compared with that in control group, the acute vascular reocclusion rate in thrombectomy group was significantly decreased at 3 months after treatment (10.2% vs. 22.0%).Intravenous thrombolysis combined with mechanical stent interventional thrombectomy can effectively promote the vascular recanalization, improve the neurological function and activity of daily living of patients, reinforce the immunological function, inhibit the oxidative stress response and improve the prognosis of patients.Cilj je bio da se istrži efikasnost i bezbednost intravenske trombolize u kombinaciji sa mehanikom intervencijskom trombektomijom stentom u lečenju akutnog ishemijskog moždanog udara.Urađena je retrospektivna analiza kliničkih podataka 118 pacijenata sa akutnim ishemijskim moždanim udarom. Uključeni pacijenti su podeljeni u kontrolnu grupu (rekombinantni tkivni aktivator plazminogena (rt-PA) intravenska tromboliza) i grupu za trombektomiju (interventna trombektomija mehaničkim stentom na bazi rt-PA intravenske trombolize). Stopa vaskularne rekanalizacije i klinika efikasnost nakon tretmana upoređivani su između dve grupe. Skala Nacionalnog instituta za zdravlje moždanog udara (NIHSS) je korišćena za identifikaciju stepena neurološkog oštećenja kod svih pacijenata pre i posle lečenja, a Bartel indeks je korišćen za procenu njihove aktivnosti u svakodnevnom životu. Pored toga, upoređene su promene nivoa subpopulacije T-limfocita u perifernoj krvi i imunoinflamatornih faktora pre i posle tretmana i zabeležena je prognoza pacijenata i incidencija neželjenih reakcija.Stopa odgovora grupe intrombektomije (93,2%) bila je značajno bolja od one u kontrolnoj grupi (76,3%). Rezultati NIHSS bolova i modifikovane Rankinove skale (mRS) nakon tretmana bili su značajno niži od onih pre tretmana, dok je Barthelov indeks nakon tretmana bio znatno viši od onog pre tretmana. NIHSS skor i mRS skor u grupi sa trombektomijom očigledno su opali u poređenju sa onima u kontrolnoj grupi 1 mesec nakon tretmana. Barthelov indeks u grupi sa trombektomijom bio je očigledno viši od onog u kontrolnoj grupi 1 mesec i 2 meseca nakon tretmana. Nivoi klastera diferencijacije 3 (CD3)+, CD3+CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ ćelija prirodnog ubice (NK) u perifernoj krvi 6 meseci nakon tretmana su očigledno porasli u poređenju sa onima pre tretmana, dok je nivo CD3+CD8+ očigledno opao u poređenju sa tim pre lečenja. U grupi sa trombektomijom, nivoi CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ i NK ćelija su bili značajno viši od onih u kontrolnoj grupi, dok je nivo CD3+CD8+ bio značajno niži nego u kontrolnoj grupi. Osim toga, u grupi sa trombektomijom, nivoi serumskog osteopontina (OPN), malondialdehida (MDA) i N-terminalnog pro-B-tipa natriuretičkog peptida (NT-proBNP) bili su evidentno niži od onih u kontrolnoj grupi 1 mesec nakon tretmana, dok je nivo serumske superoksid dismutaze (SOD) bio je evidentno viši nego u kontrolnoj grupi. U poređenju sa onim u kontrolnoj grupi, stopa akutne vaskularne reokluzije u grupi sa trombektomijom je značajno smanjena 3 meseca nakon tretmana (10,2% naspram 22,0%).Intravenska tromboliza u kombinaciji sa mehaničkom intervencijskom trombektomijom stentom mže efikasno promovisati vaskularnu rekanalizaciju, poboljšati neurološku funkciju i aktivnost svakodnevnog života pacijenata, ojačati imunološku funkciju, inhibirati odgovor na oksidativni stres i poboljšati prognozu pacijenata.