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Objective　To observe whether Huashi Runjing Decoction can inhibit the inflammatory response in rats with desmoplastic male dry eye disease, and to explore its potential mechanism of action. Methods　60 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups：sham surgery group of 15, negative control group of 15, positive control group of 15, Huashi Running Decoction group of 15) . The sham operated group rats only underwent abdominal incision without removing both testicles and epididymis；Rats in the negative control group, positive control group and Huashi Runjing Decoction group were removed both testicles and epididymis. After 1 week of modeling, the model was validated by fluorescein staining (FL), break-up time (BUT), and tear secretion test (SIT) . After the wound healed, the rats were given the appropriate drug interventions. The degree of corneal breakage, tear film rupture time and tear secretion of rats in each group were detected by FL method, BUT method and SIT method respectively after 8 weeks of drug administration. The levels of COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum of each group of rats were observed by ELISA; HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes in the lacrimal gland tissue of rats in each group. The expression of key inflammatory factors COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 in the lacrimal gland tissues of rats in each group was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results　Compared with the sham-operated group, the negative control group, positive control group and Huashi Runjing Decoction group showed an increase in the area of sodium fluorescein positive staining in the cornea, a significant increase in FL score, a shortening of tear film rupture time and a decrease in tear secretion, an increase in serum COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, atrophy of the lacrimal gland tissue vesicles, an irregular shape, a disorganized structure, a decrease in intracytoplasmic zymogen particles, and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltrations. The expression levels of inflammatory factors COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 increased in the tissues ( P < 0.05) ; Compared with the negative control group, the Huashi Runjing Decoction group showed a significant decrease in the area of sodium fluorescein positive staining, a significant decrease in FL score, a significant increase in tear film rupture time and tear secretion, a decrease in serum COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, a decrease in atrophy of the lacrimal gland tissue vesicles, a more regular shape, a clearer structure, an increase in the number of intracytoplasmic zymogen particles, an increase in inflammatory cell infiltration and a decrease in the area of lacrimal gland tissue. The expression levels of COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 in lacrimal gland tissues were reduced (P < 0.05) . Conclusion　Huashi Runjing Decoction could reduce the protein expression of COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 in the lacrimal gland tissue of castrated male dry eye disease rats, and inhibit the inflammatory response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]