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Objective　 To investigate the clinical characteristics of female patients with myocardial infarction and the differences in serum levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins HSP47， XBP-1S， and GRP78 with male patients. Methods　 A total of 356 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to the hospital. The venous blood was collected within 24 hours after the onset，and the serum HSP47，XBP-1S and GRP78 concentrations were measured after centrifugation. They were divided into female group （n = 116） and male group （ n = 240） . The independent sample t test，chi-square test and nonparametric rank sum test were used for clinical data analysis. Results　 The age of onset in the female group was older than that in the male group （P < 0.05）； while the prevalence of smoking and hypertension in the female group were lower than those in the male group （P < 0.05）. The level of XBP-1S in serum of female patients was higher than that of male patients （P = 0.023， P < 0.05）；but there was no significant difference in serum HSP47 and GRP78 levels between female patients and male patients （P > 0.05）. Serum GLU and BNP levels in the female patient group were higher than those in the male patient group （both P < 0.05），and the female patient group had lower levels of HCY （mmol/L），CREA （mmol/L）， uric acid （mmol/L） and eGFRm than in the male group （all P < 0.05）. The incidence of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was 47.4% higher than that of the male group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion　 Female patients with acute myocardial infarction have an older age of onset，higher serum GLU and BNP levels. The incidence of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction is higher in the female group and higher endoplasmic reticulum stress protein XBP-1S level within 24 hours of onset；while the serum levels of HCY，CREA，uric acid，and eGFRm in male patients with acute myocardial infarction were higher than those in the female group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]