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Objective: To investigate whether a previous caesarean section affects the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) for the first oocyte retrieval cycle. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study among women with one previous delivery history and undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET for the first-time treatment during January 2015 to December 2020 at the reproductive medicine center of Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics. All subjects were followed to the first delivery after ET, use -up of all embryos, drop -out or the end of the study period. We retrospectively analyzed the association between previous caesarean section and the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR). Results: A total of 1 216 women were included, including 605 with a history of caesarean section and 611 with a history of vaginal delivery. Women with a previous caesarean section went through 1 053 ET cycles, and women with a previous virginal delivery went through 947 ET cycles. No significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics (except for prolactin and infertility time), clinical features of the treatment, number of oocytes retrieved and laboratory outcomes between the two groups (all P＞0.05). Women with previous caesarean section history had higher proportions of single-embryo ET cycles and FET cycles (P＜0.05). The CLBR among women with a previous caesarean section was 59.00% (95%CI: 55.08%-62.92%), and the CLBR among women with a previous vaginal delivery was 62.68% (95%CI: 58.84%-66.51%), the difference between the two groups was significant (χ²=13.665, P＜0.001). For the women with a previous caesarean section compared to women with a previous vaginal delivery, the OR of CLBR after adjusting for age, number of oocytes retrieved, quality of embryos and the endometrium thickness was 0.825 (95%CI: 0.712-0.956, χ² =6.531, P=0.011). Conclusions: Compared to women with a previous vaginal delivery, women with a previous caesarean section had lower CLBR following IVF/ICSI-ET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective：To investigate the effect of intrauterine device (IUD) on female fertility. Methods： From July 1, 2016 to September 30, 2017, two-way cohort study was used to observe the pregnancy within one year after using IUD as the observation cohort (1 361 cases) and condom women as the control cohort (1 307 cases) after giving birth to one child. The cumulative pregnancy rate of one year was calculated and the Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. Results：The average days of pregnancy in IUD group and control group were (144.1±96.86) days and (122.5±91.33) days, respectively. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05). The cumulative pregnancy rate in IUD group was lower than that in control group. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The cumulative pregnancy rate of one year after removal of IUD for less than 5 years was 0.866 times higher than that of condom group (95%CI: 0.788～ 0.952). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that using of high copper IUD had a slighter effect on pregnancy (HR=0.826, 95%CI: 0.720～0.947) than using condoms. Conclusions：The cumulative pregnancy rate of one year after removal of high copper IUD was lower than that in condom group, and the pregnancy time was longer. It is suggested that if the subjects with using high copper IUD have plans for reproduction in the near future, IUD should be removed as early as possible to prepare for fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]